The invention discloses a combined wax pattern-based method of achieving precision investment casting for a heat-resistant cast steel thin-wall turbine shell, and belongs to the technical field of casting. In the method, the turbine shell is made of a heat-resistant cast steel material, a wax pattern of the turbine shell is three-dimensionally printed by adopting low-temperature wax, a riser wax pattern is poured by adopting medium-temperature wax through melt extrusion moulding, the combined wax pattern is formed by reliably bonding the wax pattern of the turbine shell with the riser wax pattern by bonding wax; an investment casting technical process based on the combined wax pattern comprises the following steps: preparing wax patterns, combining the wax patterns, producing a shell, carrying out investment wax removal, roasting a pattern shell, melting an alloy, pouring, compacting the shell, blasting shots, cleaning the shell, and the like. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for effectively increasing the wax pattern moulding efficiency of the turbine shell, reducing the cost, ensuring the casting accuracy of a runner of the turbine shell, improving the mould-filling capacity of heat-resistant cast steel, and achieving the thin-wall casting of the turbine shell; the wall thickness can be reduced to 3mm, and thus a light-weight purpose is achieved and the needs of an aircraft engine supercharger are met.