An air vehicle integrated testing system based on a 1553B bus comprises a power distribution conversion module, a direct-current power source, a direct-current power source controller, an alternating-current power source, an alternating-current power source controller, a measurement and control computer, a bus controller, a testing interface adapter, a bus protocol conversion module, an AD collecting module, a digital multimeter, a testing control module, a signal conditioning module and a data interpretation module. Related equipment in a traditional air vehicle testing scheme is integrated sufficiently to form a highly integrated general testing platform, and ground testing for an air vehicle achieves integration, miniaturization and portability assisted by advanced software technologies.