250 results about "Soil component" patented technology

A cleaning implement having a dirt bin for collecting debris from a floor. The dirt bin has at least one of a cleaning sheet and/or air filter attached thereto, as presented to the user. This arrangement allows for more efficient disposal of debris from the dirt bin and soiled components. The dirt bin may be emptied and reused or may be discarded after a single use.

The invention discloses a method for determining constituents of soil at a tailings mining area. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out soil sampling; and secondly, determining the physical properties, the chemical properties and the biological constituents of the sampled soil. The soil sampling comprises the following specific processes: digging a soil profile at a sampling point; carrying out layering by the sizes of 0-5cm, 5-10cm, 10-20cm, 20-40cm and 40-60cm; and then carrying out layered sampling on the soil respectively with an aluminum box, an annular cutter and a soil bag. By the method for determining the constituents of the soil at the tailings mining area, reliable data can be provided for the improvement on the ecological environment of the tailings mining area, and therefore the method is beneficial for the sustainable development of society, economy and environment of the tailings mining area.

The invention relates to a sand fixation method of a green degradable inorganic sand fixation material, belonging to the field of environmental protection. The inorganic sand fixation material is prepared by mixing calcium silicate slag, fly ash, industrial mineral slag powder, gypsum, cement and solid aggregate used as main raw materials. The sand fixation material and water are mixed to prepare a sand fixation slurry; and the sand fixation slurry is sprayed or spread on sand soil to form a solidifying layer on the sand soil surface. The solidifying layer can satisfy the mechanical property requirements for fixing traveling dunes. After the sand fixation layer is laid, the sand fixation region is subjected to soil improvement and plant growth, so that the sand fixation layer can be degraded into substances which are nontoxic and harmless to the environment within 1-5 years, thereby obtaining the soil components and lowering the influence of artificial buildings on the desert ecological environment. After the sand fixation material reacts with water, no toxic component resides, and thus, the sand fixation material has the advantages of high safety and no secondary pollution. Besides, abundant industrial solid wastes are doped to lower the influence of solid waste piling on the environment; and the method has the advantages of low cost, simple construction technique and high practicality, and is applicable to related fields of desertification control and the like.

The invention discloses a method for estimating vegetation covering-managing factors of soil erosion by remote sensing, which includes the following steps of 1) classifying remote-sensing images to obtain multiple types of soil and dividing the multiple types of soil into three groups according to spatial heterogeneity and the characteristics changed with time of the types of the soil; 2) acquiring the vegetation covering-managing factors of the first group and the second group of the types of the soil by means of remote-sensing classifying; 3) performing linear-spectrum mixed pixel unmixing on the remote sensing images to obtain a green-vegetation component chart, a soil component chart and a shadow/water component chart, computing to obtain the vegetation covering-managing factor of the third group of the types of the soil according to the formula C=F soil/(1+F green vegetation+F shadow); 4) integrating the vegetation covering-managing factors of the three groups of the types of the soil to obtain the vegetation covering-managing factors of soil erosion of all the soil, wherein the F soil is soil component, the F green vegetation is green vegetation component. The method for estimating vegetation covering-managing factors of soil erosion by remote sensing has the advantages of reasonable estimating results and high universality.

The invention discloses a multifunctional rapid detection device for detecting environment soil. The multifunctional rapid detection device comprises a shell, wherein the shell is sequentially provided with a soil sample feeding hopper, a soil grinding device and a soil flow distribution device from top to bottom; the soil flow distribution device comprises a rectangular main pipe and three rectangular secondary pipes; soil conveyor belts are arranged at the bottom ends of the three rectangular secondary pipes; a soil component detection device, a soil moisture detection device and a soil potential of hydrogen detection device are arranged below the three conveyor belts respectively; the soil component detection device comprises a near-infrared soil nutrient rapid detection instrument; a gas chromatograph is arranged at one side of the soil moisture detection device. According to the multifunctional rapid detection device provided by the invention, the potential of hydrogen of the soil, nutrients of soil solids, the moisture content of the soil and gas properties in the soil can be detected at the same time; the multifunctional rapid detection device has the advantages of completedetection functions, high detection efficiency, semiautomatic detection and labor saving and cost reducing.

The invention discloses a remote sensing model method for regional vegetation transpiration and soil evaporation inversion based on thermal infrared remote sensing. The remote sensing model method comprises the steps of 1, collecting and spatializing meteorological radiation data of a research area; 2, acquiring optical and thermal infrared remote sensing data; 3, preprocessing the optical remotesensing data; 4, conducting thermal infrared remote sensing data preprocessing and surface temperature inversion; 5, carrying out inversion calculation of surface biophysical parameters; 6, performingnight surface temperature downscaling calculation; 7, calculating the surface flux based on a single-layer remote sensing evapotranspiration model with a physical mechanism; 8, carrying out sensitiveheat flux cutting calculation based on a double-temperature-difference model; 9, calculating latent heat flux of vegetation and soil components; and 10, performing daily expansion calculation of vegetation transpiration and soil evaporation. According to the method, the problems of high difficulty and uncertainty of regional vegetation transpiration and soil evaporation inversion based on the surface temperature at present are solved.

The present invention discloses a system and a method for showing farmland soil components by using images. The system rapidly collects soil components by using a surface as points, the detection capacity comprises a soil organic matter OM, a pH value and a conductivity EC. a mobile vehicle soil sample collection and detection method and a remote sensing collection method of a multispectral sensorinstalled on a spiral wing or a professional fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle are combined to use, the fixed soil station is selectively used to perform real-time collection and uploading, and a traditional soil fixed point collection experiment test method is taken as deviation correction. The cloud database (farming plot information, historical data and climate parameters) and cloud calculation are employed to establish mathematical modeling (iteration learning is performed based on information of the cloud database) to provide a spectrum graph to show deviation correction basis of soil components. The remote sensing spectrum graph is employed to replace a traditional system and method of collecting and detecting soil components to improve the soil collection efficiency, reduce the soil detection cost and finally obtain data in real time in a mode of rapidly collecting and detecting soil components.

The invention relates to a heavy-metal-contaminated soil remediation technology, in particular to a harmless and recycling remediation method for chromium-contaminated soil. The to-be-treated chromium-contaminated soil is subjected to particle-grade component screening through a two-stage screening method and cleaned, and fine sand particle components of 0.05-0.2 mm and powder particle/clay particle components of smaller than 0.05 mm are obtained; the soil components of 0.05-0.2 mm and smaller than 0.05 mm are treated through soil pH adjusting, pH stability strengthening and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) reduction; then according to the mixed material parameter optimization requirements (the plastic index, the calorific value, the silicon aluminum mass ratio and the particle grade), the contaminated soil of the fine sand particle components, the contaminated soil of the powder particle/clay particle components, coal gangue and fly ash with the established weight ratio are matched and mixed, and the mixed material is fully stirred and homogenized; and the mixed material is subjected to green brick pressing after water content adjusting and sintered into a brick in the mode that hightemperature sintering is combined with brick body internal combustion, and thus harmless and recycling remediation for the contaminated soil sintered brick is achieved. The harmless and recycling remediation method has the characteristics of heavy-metal-chromium-contaminated soil remediation and recycling utilization, and has large economic advantages and industrialization prospects compared withother heavy-metal-contaminated soil remediation technologies.

The invention provides a physicochemical grading method for granular soil components. The method comprises the following steps: adding distilled water into an air-dried soil sample and carrying out ultrasonic quantitative auxiliary dispersion by using an ultrasonic crusher; then carrying out wet sieving by using a soil sieve with an aperture of 63 mu m so as to divide soil into two parts; subjecting soil on the sieve to density grading with NaI so as to obtain a granular soil component, sand and an aggregate soil component; and subjecting a turbid liquid of soil below the sieve to centrifugation, then subjecting an obtained supernatant to vacuum pumping filtration with a 0.45-micrometer filter membrane, allowing a filtrate to undergo freeze-drying so as to obtain a soluble soil component and oxidizing aleuritic clay with a particle size of more than 0.45 mu m obtained after pumping filtration with sodium hypochlorite so as to obtain an acid-insoluble soil component, wherein the difference between the aleuritic clay and the acid-insoluble soil component is an easily-oxidizable soil component, and so grading of the above-mentioned five soil components is finished. The obtained soil components can be used for determination of related physical and chemical properties like carbon and nutrients of soil. Recycling of NaI is realized through active carbon adsorption and filter paper filtration.

The invention discloses a surface soil moisture inversion method based on passive microwave remote sensing data. The method comprises the following steps that a soil component spatial distribution image and a microwave brightness temperature spatial distribution image of each wave band are acquired; the average effective temperature of the earth surface is calculated by utilizing vertical and horizontal polarization brightness temperature data of a K waveband, and a microwave brightness temperature polarization difference index of an X waveband is constructed by utilizing vertical and horizontal polarization brightness temperature data of the X waveband; the surface average effective temperature and the microwave brightness temperature polarization difference index of the X waveband are substituted into a soil dielectric constant mathematical model and a microwave radiation transfer model so as to solve the optical thickness of vegetation and the dielectric constant of soil; and the dielectric constant of the soil is substituted into a soil moisture content inversion model, and calculation is made so as to acquire the surface soil moisture content. The method has the advantage thatafter verification, compared with a data value obtained through an original algorithm, and a data value of the soil moisture content calculated through an improved inversion algorithm has higher inversion precision under a waterish surface condition.

The invention discloses microbial compound bacterial fertilizer. The microbial compound bacterial fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 5 to 25 parts of compound microorganisms, 65 to 95 parts of compound nutrient carrier, 0.5 to 2 parts of EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid)-metal chelate and 5 to 10 parts of diatomite. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the microbial compound bacterial fertilizer and application of the microbial compound bacterial fertilizer to soil improvement and promotion of crop growth and development. Comparedwith the prior art, the microbial compound bacterial fertilizer has the advantages that ingredients play a synergetic role, so that soil can be effectively improved, hardening parts can be loosened,nutrients can be balanced, the soil fertility can be improved, the soil components can be activated, the water and fertilizer retention capabilities of soil can be improved, and production increase ofthe crops can be promoted. Meanwhile, a production process is simple, raw materials are easy to obtain, the ingredients are derived from low-cost industrial and agricultural waste, the equipment andsite requirements are not high, operation is safe, and the application effect is remarkable. The microbial compound bacterial fertilizer can be produced on a large scale in enterprises, and can be prepared at home by individuals or peasants.

The invention relates to a soil sample collecting and preprocessing device for soil component detection, and fills the technical blank that in the prior art, no apparatus can be used to preprocess a soil sample. In the provided device, a soil baffling sheet is fixedly arranged on the lateral part of a linear module, the soil baffling sheet and a soil digging blade both have a half round structure, and the diameters of the soil baffling sheet and the soil digging blade are the same. The extension line of the diameter of the soil baffling sheet is parallel to the linear module. When a slide table moves to a positive above a cart, the root part of the soil digging blade is connected to the lower end of the soil baffling sheet, and the front end of the soil digging blade is connected to the upper end of the soil baffling sheet. A soil scraping motor is arranged on the linear module, and the output shaft of the soil scraping motor is positioned on the circle center of the soil baffling sheet. A soil scraping brush is arranged on the output shaft of the soil scraping motor, the length of the soil scraping brush is the same as that of the soil baffling sheet, and a soil discharge opening is arranged under the soil baffling sheet. The provided soil sample collecting and preprocessing device can carry out pretreatments such as collecting, drying, pressing, and the like on a soil sample for soil component detection, and thus the soil component and contents of the components can be rapidly obtained.

The invention relates to a soil near infrared spectroscopy analysis method based on sparse representation and BP neural network technique, and overcomes defects that soil analysis methods of the prior art can not meet actual requirements. The method comprises the steps of: obtaining and preprocessing a training sample soil set; constructing a sparse dictionary of training sample soil data, and obtaining feature vectors of training samples; using the feature vectors of training samples as the input of a BP neural network, training network parameters, and constructing a BP neural network classification model; obtaining and preprocessing a test sample soil set; and utilizing the parse dictionary of training sample soil data to construct the feature vectors of test samples, and utilizing a trained BP neural network classification model to complete classification prediction of test sample soil components. The soil near infrared spectroscopy analysis method performs soil near infrared spectroscopy analytical prediction based on sparse representation and BP neural network technique, and improves the prediction precision of near infrared spectroscopy oil main components and model robustness.

The invention relates to an ectopic leaching and screening interlock control system of soil and a leaching and screening method of the system. The system comprises a leaching device, a screening device and a frequency-variable spray pipeline, wherein the leaching device comprises a leaching roller, a material transmission device and a speed adjustment driving device; the leaching roller is connected with the speed adjustment driving device; the material transmission device is arranged in the leaching roller; the screening device is connected with an outlet end of the leaching roller; and the frequency-variable spray pipeline is arranged in the leaching device. The leaching and screening method comprises the steps of: (1) scattering and feeding the soil, (2) leaching the soil, (3) performing screening, (4) reversely rotating the leaching roller to prolong stirring and leaching time of materials, and (5) starting chemical leaching via the frequency-variable spray pipeline, or performing the chemical leaching and clear water leaching alternately. The precise leaching is achieved; the energy is saved; screen hole blocking is effectively avoided; the leaching efficiency is improved; the leaching and separating of soil components in different particle sizes and with different heavy metal contents are achieved; and the purpose of soil sorting treatment is achieved.

The invention discloses a greenhouse planting system for crops. The system comprises a crop planting module, an internal environment monitoring module, an environment analyzing module and an environment treating module. The crop planting module comprises a cultivation unit of crop seedlings and a plant spacing unit of crops; the internal environment monitoring module comprises a temperature monitoring unit, a relative humidity monitoring unit, a soil component monitoring unit and a brightness monitoring unit; the environment analyzing module comprises an optimal environment database unit, a real-detected environment database unit and a comparing unit of the optimal environment and real-detected environment; the environment treating module comprises an alarm notifying unit and an environment optimizing unit. Thus, the system is simple to operate and is capable of monitoring and analyzing the internal environment and alarming when the deviation between the optimal environment and the real-detected environment exists, and management is facilitated.

The present invention relates to a kind of degraded soil recovering preparation and belongs to the field of degraded soil recovering technology. The degraded soil recovering preparation is prepared with organic waste, biological charcoal and probiotics as material, and through microwave sterilization, fast microbial fermentation and microwave stoving of organic waste, and the mixing of organic waste, biological charcoal and probiotics. The present invention prepares degraded soil recovering preparation with organic waste to increase the organic matter content in the soil and raise the fertility of soil, biological charcoal to adsorb and lock chemical pollutant and purify soil, and probiotics to improve soil structure stably, so as to recover the ecological environment of oil for organic food production.

The invention provides an artificial soil substance for indoor or outdoor vertical wall greening. The artificial soil substance comprises 12-30%, by weight, organic by-product components, 3-8%, by weight, shape maintaining components, 18-53%, by weight, soil components and fertilizer components.

The invention provides a soil monitoring unit capable of repeatedly working, comprising a base, wherein the base is provided with a detection box, a soil grabbing claw is arranged in the detection box, the upper end of the soil grabbing claw is provided with a telescopic cylinder, the bottom of the detection box is provided with a closing door capable of being automatically opened and closed, the soil grabbing claw extends out of the lower side of the base by the opened closing door, a soil component analysis device is arranged in the detection box, the lower end of the soil component analysis device is provided with a movement platform, the bottom end of the inner part of the detection box is provided with a track, and the soil component analysis device moves left and right on the track by the movement platform. Soil is grabbed by the soil grabbing claw, and is sent into the soil component analysis device to analyse and detect soil components, thus soil component detection work is automatically completed, and the work efficiency is improved; besides, deep soil is grabbed by a soil digging piece to detect different layers of soil, the base is driven to move by a moving chain wheel, so as to detect soil in a certain range, and sequencial operation by workers is not needed.

The invention discloses a method for using industrial and agricultural waste residue to improve phosphogypsum for vegetation recovery, which includes: according to physical and chemical characteristics of phosphogypsum and comparison of the phosphogypsum with soil constituents, using sludge generated from sewage treatment plants, coal ash generated from power plants, and red mud generated from aluminum manufacturers to improve the phosphogypsum; successfully planting lawn grass; and according to the requirements of grass grown, covering the pure phosphogypsum with an improved substrate layer 10-14cm thick, and sowing seeds on the substrate layer according to the seeding amount of common lawn grass. Grass seeds suitable for growing include seeds of tall fescue, broadleaf paspalum, alfalfa, ryegrass, trifolium repens, Bermuda grass and the like. Turfs of tall fescue, Agrostis, Bermuda grass and the like can grow normally on the improved substrate. According to the principle of 'waste control by waste', the phosphogypsum is subjected to soilless vegetation recovery, so that the cost of vegetation recovery by phosphogypsum is lowered greatly, and great economic benefit and environmental benefit are achieved.