76 results about "Phreatic water" patented technology

This invention relates a method for combined precipitation with pit phreatic water and aquifer layers including the following steps: applying one well structure to a precipitation well, closing a controllable water valve when evacuating the phreatic water, analyzing 3-D underground water seep to determine limit elements, pumped volume and influence radius, when the dig reaches to a water-isolation layer, the water in the aquifer layer is pumped to reduce water pressure to determine the dig depth, water-pump volume, orifice of wells, numbers, the influence radius of water power fall and sedimentation of surrounding ground using a method for computing limit elements determined based on 3-D underground water seepage and ground sedimentation based on plane diameters of the pit, dig depth, embedded depth of underground wall and structure condition of the aquifer layer.

The invention discloses a water conservation coal cutting method for small and medium-sized coal mines in a waterhead area. The method comprises the following steps: 1, defining the position of a coal bed, that is, defining the thickness and the buried depth of the coal bed in an exploited coal mine according to a boring log; 2, defining exploitation parameters, that is, defining a roof rock beambearing load, the higher limit value Lmax of the width of an exploitation strip, and the lower limit value Dmin of the width of a coal pillar; 3, defining an exploitation scheme, that is, defining the mining and the reservation widths during strip exploitation according to the Lmax and the Dmin, wherein the width L0 of a strip exploited during strip exploitation is smaller than or equal to Lmax, and the width D0 of a reserved coal pillar is larger than or equal to Dmin; and 4, exploiting, that is, exploiting the coal bed according to the conventional strip exploitation method, and reserving acoal pillar of which the width is D0 every time when a strip of which the width is L0 is exploited. The water conservation coal cutting method has the advantages that the design is reasonable; the implementation is convenient; the maneuverability is high; the using effect is good; and the problems of easily caused great loss of the phreatic water resource, and poor water conservation coal cuttingeffect during the conventional exploitation of the small and medium-sized coal mines in the waterhead area are solved.

The invention relates to a testing device for researches on a covered karst collapse process mechanism under influence of a hydraulic condition. The device comprises a water level control unit, an artificial rainfall simulation unit, a testing unit and an intelligent monitoring unit, wherein the water level control unit is used for controlling a pressure water head and a phreatic water level of the testing unit in a testing process; the artificial rainfall simulation unit is used for simulating rainfall by virtue of a peristaltic pump; the testing unit is used for covered karst collapse testing; the intelligent monitoring unit is used for monitoring the water pressure, soil pressure, displacement and surface deformation of a soil body of a cover layer in the testing unit and particle sizes and concentration of particles in case of damage to the soil layer. The testing device is applied to tests in researches on a covered karst collapse formation processing mechanism under a complex groundwater boundary condition, and is higher in stability, and meanwhile, testing equipment is simplified, and testing cost is reduced. By the device, the whole covered karst collapse process can be visually observed to fulfill the aim of deeply exploring the covered karst collapse mechanism.

The invention relates to the technical field of simulation of coal mining under phreatic water and piestic water, in particular to a coal mining simulation experiment device. The coal mining simulation experiment device comprises a casing, wherein the casing is hollow and is provided with an opening in one end, and a coal seam simulation layer is arranged in the casing; an opening-closing mechanism is arranged on the casing and used for opening and closing the casing to expose the coal seam simulation layer; an aquifer simulation layer is arranged on the coal seam simulation layer and communicated with the opening in the upper end of the casing. According to the coal mining simulation experiment device, the aquifer simulation layer is arranged on the coal seam simulation layer, and the opening-closing mechanism is arranged in the position, corresponding to the coal seam simulation layer, of the casing. An experimenter starts the opening-closing mechanism, and coal mining is performed on the coal seam simulation layer, so that the coal mining in the actual situation is simulated, the structure is consistent with the coal mining in the actual situation, further, the experiment device has the function of specific coal mining dynamic demonstration, and accordingly, the aquifer change data measured by the coal mining simulation experiment device are more accurate.

The invention relates to a confined water and phreatic water compound simulation experiment device, comprising a water storing tank and a simulation tank, wherein an organic glass tank body is obliquely arranged in the simulation tank, the top of the elevating end of the organic glass tank body extends out of the simulation tank to form a simulated river feeding zone, the plunging end is provided with a rising water wall, a confined aquifer is arranged in the organic glass tank body, and a phreatic aquifer is arranged on a waterproofing top plate of the organic glass tank body between the top of the elevating end and the rising water wall of the organic glass tank body; one end of a simulated water drawing well tube sequentially passes through the phreatic aquifer, the confined aquifer and the simulation tank and extends into the water storing tank, a plurality of holes communicated with the confined aquifer are arranged on a wall at the confined aquifer, and the lower ends of at least four confined water level piezometer tubes sequentially pass through the phreatic aquifer and the confined aquifer and are fixed on a waterproofing bottom plate. The invention has the advantage of reasonable structure, can demonstrate the feeding, running-off and draining features and the complementary relationship of the confined water and the phreatic water, and provides an effective measure for relevant tests and researches on the confined water and the phreatic water.

The invention relates to a deep foundation pit dewatering and decompressing combination well controlled in a subsection manner, which comprises a high-pressure air guiding tube, a well tube, a phreatic aquifer filtering tube, an air sac water stopping disc (including an annular steel groove, an air sac, a connector, a sealing gasket, an air inlet and a rubber band), a confined aquifer filtering tube, a precipitation tube and an air pump. A phreatic water dewatering well and a confined water decompressing well in deep foundation pit dewatering can be combined, the filtering tubes are arranged in a phreatic aquifer and a confined aquifer in a subsection manner, and the air sac water stopping disc is disposed between the two filtering tubes. After well completion is finished, the air sac water stopping disc is started, is opened via high-pressure gas and is sufficiently opened in the annular steel groove, and phreatic water and confined water in the well tube are separated. When the decompressing well needs to be opened, the air sac discharges and extracts gas and recovers under effects of the built-in rubber band and negative pressure, a water pump descends to a confined water well pipe section, and water of the phreatic aquifer and water of the confined aquifer are drained simultaneously. The combination well resolves the difficult problem that phreatic water and confined water in an existing mixed well cannot be separated, and environmental geology is damaged due to the fact that the confined water is pumped for a long time. The purpose of combining the two wells is realized, and the quantity of dewatering wells is greatly reduced.

The invention provides a geotechnical parameter and property tester capable of simultaneously testing the specific yield and osmotic coefficient. The geotechnical parameter and property tester comprises an evaporation-preventing and gas discharge device, an experiment section, a water level observing device, a water supply device with a controllable water head, a water discharge device with a controllable water head and a water head adjusting and fixing device. The geotechnical parameter and property tester has the advantages that the tester is simple in structure, convenient to use, capable of simultaneously and accurately testing the geotechnical osmotic coefficient and specific yield and promising in application prospect; the tester is widely applicable to hydrogeology researches, and the tester can be used as a teaching instrument to help students well understand the testing principles of the specific yield and osmotic coefficient; the tester is applicable to underground water resource balance calculation, phreatic water dynamic prediction, shallow groundwater withdrawal quantity calculation, depth and interval calculation of farmland draining ditches and underground pipes, farmland irrigation and draining calculation, calculation of hydrogeological parameters such as the recharge coefficient from irrigation water infiltration and the recharge coefficient from rainfall infiltration, and various researches related to underground water.

The invention discloses a buoyancy type soil lysimeter, which comprises an undisturbed soil cylinder provided with a filter; the filter is connected with a phreatic water evaporating and replenishing device through a water level communication pipe; the phreatic water evaporating and replenishing device is connected with a precipitation infiltration replenishing measuring pot through a precipitation infiltration replenishing pipe; a buoyancy cylinder used for driving the undisturbed soil cylinder to float is assembled on the outer wall of the undisturbed soil cylinder; the phreatic water evaporating and replenishing device and the precipitation infiltration replenishing measuring pot are arranged in the buoyancy cylinder; the buoyancy type soil lysimeter also comprises an outer cylinder; a water level measuring chamber is fixedly connected on the outer wall of the outer cylinder; the water level measuring chamber is communicated with the outer cylinder; and the undisturbed soil cylinder and the buoyancy cylinder are arranged in the outer cylinder. According to the invention, the soil evaporation amount, the precipitation infiltration replenishing amount and the phreatic water evaporation amount of an undisturbed soil pillar for a test can be observed at the same time, so that changes of storage vibration in an unsaturated soil body can be understood, water balance analysis can be performed on undisturbed soil, and hydrology parameters, required water yield of crops and change rules of the required water yield can be solved through a water balance equation.

The invention relates to an organic liquid fertilizer prepared with residue produced in the breeding of maggots and earthworms, in particular to an organic liquid bio-fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The fertilizer comprises the following materials in part by weight: 6 to 10 parts of earthworm feces, 0 to 4 parts of maggot feces, 1 to 3 parts of urea, 2 to 4 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 2 to 4 parts of lemery salt and 85 to 95 parts of water. The preparation method includes the following steps that: (1) 6 to 10 parts of earthworm feces (37.84 percent of water content) and 0 to4 parts of maggot feces (37.84 percent of water content) are first mixed, 50 parts of phreatic water is then added, stirring is carried out under the room temperature at 1000rm/min for 20min, and after the mixture is precipitated, supernate is filtered; (2) the precipitate is rewashed by the rest parts of phreatic water according to step 1, and filtrates are merged; (3) 2 parts of urea, 3 parts of monoammonium phosphate and 3 parts of lemery salt are sequentially added, and are stirred under the room temperature at 1000rm/min for 10min, and the liquid fertilizer and lactobacillus acidophilus amplifying culture solution are added according to the weight ratio of 9:1, so that the organic liquid fertilizer is obtained.

The present invention discloses a soft sediment core sampling and cutting integrated sampler for tidal bank marsh, wherein the soft sediment core sampling and cutting integrated sampler has a sediment sampling and cutting integrated function, and the sediment sampling system mainly comprises an expansion ring, a double-layer steel pipe, an inflation pipe, a piston, a piston rod, a fastening hole, a handle, a position limiting hole, an inflation and deflation cylinder and a base, the piston mainly comprises four parts such as a fixed steel sheet, a rubber ring, a pressurization steel sheet and a piston ring pressurization valve, and the sediment cutting system mainly comprises an extending pipe having centimeter scales, a sediment position limiter and a cutting cutter blade. With the set of the device, the sediment in the phreatic water marsh can be sampled, the sediment is slowly pressed into the pipe by rotating the steel pipe, the sediment is sealed through the piston and the expansion ring arranged on the upper and down, the complete dried sediment or the core under the mud state is taken out, and the taken core is accurately cut through the positioning cutter; and the device of the present invention has characteristics of convenient assembly, simple field operation, rapid sample cutting, high efficiency and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogeology, earth science, environmental science and engineering research and provides a one-dimensional simulator of solute migration and transformation in deep phreatic water, which is high in safety and simple. The one-dimensional simulator comprises a water tank, a booster pump, a one-way valve, a safety valve, an aquifer dielectric column with special flange structure, a needle valve and a sampling device that are connected sequentially in succession, the aquifer dielectric column with the special flange structure is placed in a thermostatic control unit working chamber for controlling temperature. The use of the one-dimensional simulator has the following advantages that the simulator is simple in design, easy to operate and convenient to maintain, temperature and hydraulic pressure controlling is accurate, adjusting is convenient, the simulator can simulate a hydraulic pressure up to 10 MPa, is suitable for an experimental environment at 4-65 DEG C under pH 6.5-9, can effectively simulate pressure of the deep phreatic water as well as a low-temperature geothermal environment, can be operated stably in a long time and is free of limitations from ambient temperature.

The invention relates to an underground structure construction method, particularly to a construction method of a shotcrete support for a water contained loess geological tunnel, which includes a tunnel body structure, a pipe shed construction step, an advanced small conduit construction step, a foot-locked anchor pipe construction step and a systematic anchor rod construction step, wherein the tunnel body is divided into an upper part arch body, a middle part core rock and a lower part inverted arch body during the construction, so as to partially reduce the water content in the loess, establish primary support stress system in the tunnel and pre-open an anchor rod hole; the pipe shed slip casting is replaced by pre-filled water absorber, so as to absorb partial phreatic water in the water contained loess, improve the self-stabilizing performance of the loess, and improve the stability of the surrounding rock; and as the pre-opened anchor hole can be used for precisely mounting the anchor rod, the stress system of the shotcrete primary support excavated in the tunnel is more reasonable, the loess arching effect is expanded, cement mortar is compressed along the steel arch timbering behind the shotcrete of the primary support so as to improve the compactness between the structure and the surrounding rock, the stress of the reinforced concrete primary support structure system becomes more reasonable, and the integral stability is improved.

The invention discloses a dewatering construction method for a deep foundation pit. The dewatering construction method for the deep foundation pit includes the following steps that (1) an integrated dewatering design is carried out around an basement elevation area by combining engineering geological survey data, and well point pipes and self-priming pumps are prepared; (2) positioning and setting-out are carried out, specifically, the position of a core tube is accurately positioned according to design drawings, and drainage ditches are arranged on the outside of top of the foundation pit; (3) digging is carried out along the boundary line of the core tube with each side expanded by not less than 2500 mm to the position 1-2 m below the groundwater level; and (4) according to the calculated number of dewatering wells, pumping wells are evenly distributed in the foundation pit to drain and reduce phreatic water and confined water levels, dewatering well points are arranged around the core tube foundation pit in a closed mode, and PVC vertical pipes are adopt to be inserted into the foundation pit at the dewatering well points, and the PVC vertical pipes are arranged in a staggered and spaced mode to form a continuous dewatering enclosure. According to the dewatering construction method for the deep foundation pit, the PVC pipes are adopted to arrange enclosed dewatering well points around the foundation pit, the investment cost is low, water pressure is balanced during dewatering, the effect is obvious, and the influence on a construction period is small.

The invention relates to a heating system using clean energy and a construction method thereof, including a water intake system, a heating system, a heating heat source system, and a heating system. Among them, the water intake system uses wind pumps to extract cold water from the cold water well and sends it to the heating system; the heating system includes solar collectors, and the heated well water enters the hot water well for storage; the heating heat source system includes hot water wells and heat exchangers , the submersible pump sends the heat source water stored in the hot water well to the heat exchanger for heat exchange, and the low-temperature heat source water after heat exchange is discharged back into the cold water well; The water is sent into the heat exchanger by the circulation pump for heating, and then enters the heat user for heating. The invention uses wind energy as power, utilizes solar energy to heat underground water, and stores it in an underground subsurface layer to form artificial geothermal submersion, effectively saving energy and protecting the natural environment.

The invention provides an automatic measuring system of phreatic water evaporation, which measures in a direct mode. The automatic measuring system comprises a water storage tank, a water supply tank, a rock-soil cylinder and an impounding reservoir which are connected or joined in turn through a pipeline to form a circulation, wherein the rock-soil cylinder is a cylindrical container with rocks and soil inside, a plurality of water outlets are vertically arranged on the cylindrical surface of the rock-soil cylinder and are joined with a water collection tipping bin of a tipping flow measuring device, and water discharged by the flow measuring device gets into the impounding reservoir and is supplemented into the water storage tank by a water pump arranged through a circulating pipeline. The automatic measuring system, according to a dynamic water budget principle, measures the speed of the phreatic water evaporation under different water level embedded depth conditions by using a constant pressure water supply device and an automatic measuring technique of the tripping flow measuring device and by automatically measuring the outlet flows at different parts of the rock-soil cylinder, thus the automatic monitoring of hydrological data becomes possible and the measurement accuracy is greatly improved. The measuring system has a simple structure and convenient running and management.

The invention relates to the field of design of green houses, and particularly to a low-temperature green house which is established by an internal green house frame and an external green house frame. The outer edges of the external green house frame are coated with a film layer, and the film layer is coated with a sunshade layer. A spray channel is disposed in the intermediate layer between the internal green house frame and the external green house frame, and the inlet of the spray channel is in communication with deep phreatic water. The outer edges of the internal green house frame are coated with a water proof film layer. A heat exchanger is disposed in the intermediate layer between the internal green house frame and the external green house frame, one end of the heat exchanger is connected to the interior of the green house via pipes, and the other end is connected to a blower fan via a fresh air pipe. The low-temperature green house is further provided with an exhaust gas outlet. Illumination devices are disposed in the green house. The low-temperature green house is simple in structure, easy to demount and mount, low in cost and high in utilization rate of material.

The present invention provides a buried depth of phreatic water level inducement technical method for the root system growth of the young seedling of desert plants. A constructed netting testing tank consists of tank wall, column piers, a steel wire netting and a water injection pipe and is filled with stones and earthwork, wherein, the tank wall is ensured to be watertight; the bottom of the tank is distributed with the column piers to ensure that the ground water can flow; the upside of the column piers is laid with the steel wire netting; the upside of the steel wire netting is laid with the stones firstly and then is filled with the earthwork layer by layer; a ground water table control testing area which has the thicknesses of earth layers of 100cm, 150cm, 200cm, 250cm and 300cm respectively is arranged to ensure that the ground water table is always kept at 45 to 55cm. The technical method testifies the relation between the working depth of the vertical root of the young seedling and the growth speed of the vertical root under the condition of different buried depths of phreatic water level, testifies the changing characteristic of the root system state of the young seedling along with the change of the ground water level and the water content of soil, testifies the distribution rule of the quality and the surface area of the root system of the young seedling in soil space and testifies the biomass allocation trend of the young seedling under the condition of different buried depths of phreatic water level. The technical method has reasonable design and strong operability. The testing tank can be molded by casting concrete or be made by laying with waterproof material in a concrete-brick structure.

The invention discloses a soft foundation treatment method based on combination of two-time precipitation and dynamic consolidation. The soft foundation treatment method comprises following construction steps shown as figure 1: firstly, measuring and setting-out are performed, and a construction area range and a position of a tube well are determined; a drainage ditch is excavated to isolate phreatic water outside the construction area from entering the construction area; a shallow tube well is constructed, and primary precipitation is performed; medium-low energy dynamic compaction is executed, soil mass is consolidated, and phreatic water is extruded to the shallow tube well and pumped out; and vacuum tube well construction and secondary precipitation are performed; medium-high energy dynamic compaction is executed, drainage of pore water in soil mass is accelerated, and reconsolidation of the soil mass is accelerated; finally, low-energy full compaction is adopted to compact soil mass on the surface, the field is leveled, and detection is performed after a rest period.

The invention discloses a lodging-free cultivation method of super high-yield rice. The lodging-free cultivation method of super high-yield rice comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out soil preparation, namely digging a plurality of gullies in the conventional paddy field, wherein the gullies are 20-35cm in depth and 30-55cm in width, a root-inducing and seedling-growing fertilizer is continuously stirred into the dug soil to form fertilizer soil during gulley digging, the fertilizer soil is laterally deposited between ditches to form long ridges at intervals, and the long ridges are 15-30m in width; (2) planting, namely planting rice seedlings on the long ridges by properly adjusting according to different variety densities; (3) irrigating, namely irrigating water into the gullies after transplanting rice seedlings, protecting the seedlings in deep water for 2-3 days after rice seedlings are transplanted, wherein the water in the gullies is 22-37cm deepth, the water in the gullies is 18-32cm in depth in a returning green stage and a tillering stage; drying the paddy field for 7-10 days at the beginning of July, carrying out intermittent irrigation by using phreatic water in the middle stage, the water in the gullies is 16-29 cm in depth in heading stage, intermittently drying and wetting after full heading, and draining water after yellow ripening stage; (4) harvesting, namely harvesting and threshing after ripening, and finally storing the rice in a warehouse. The lodging-free cultivation method of the super high-yield rice has the characteristics of high yield increase, no lodging and high quality of rice.

The invention discloses an underground closed conduit type phreatic water replenishing system. The system comprises a head junction, a closed conduit infiltration system and an operation monitoring system, wherein the head junction and the closed conduit infiltration system are sequentially connected, and the operation monitoring system is used for monitoring the operation condition of the phreatic water replenishing system; the head junction is arranged on the ground surface and used for providing water for replenishment; the closed conduit infiltration system is embedded in a sand gravel vadose zone and used for replenishing the water for replenishment to a water-bearing layer in a leakage mode through an inside and outside water head difference so as to increase groundwater reserves; the operation monitoring system is used for monitoring hydrological and meteorological data of a replenished zone. According to the underground closed conduit type phreatic water replenishing system, the defects of a tube well injection method and a ground infiltration method which are widely applied at the present stage can be compensated, exertion of the groundwater regulation and storage function can be promoted, regional water resources can be reasonably regulated, ground surface runoff is not caused, the evaporation loss is reduced, and the water content of vegetation root layer soil can be effectively controlled; the maintenance difficulty can be reduced, blocking of the water-bearing layer of the replenished zone can be prevented, and the occupied area is reduced.

The invention discloses a novel independent well point water collecting and draining united vacuum preloading strengthening method and strengthening system. The method includes the steps that a land area is selected, and a vacuum preloading scope is set; all independent well points and sensors in the well points are distributed and controlled; a sinking pump and evacuating equipment are installed; horizontal drain pipes and drain boards are distributed; sealing separation is carried out; and vacuum preloading, vacuum well point dewatering and unloading after completion of strengthening are carried out. The novel independent well point water collecting and draining united vacuum preloading strengthening method and strengthening system have the beneficial effects that a pervious layer in a soil layer enables all independent well points and the drain boards to be organically combined into a communicating vessel, and an independent well point water collecting and draining system serves as a main water collecting and draining body of a deep layer soil body; through two independent systems, air exhausting work and water drainage work are done, deep phreatic water in a foundation is gathered into the well points to be drained out of the foundation, the problem of the poor deep layer soil body strengthening effect caused by process defects of traditional vacuum preloading is fundamentally solved, the working period is shortened while the strengthening effect is strengthened, resources and cost are saved, and environmental protection and economical efficiency are achieved.

The invention discloses a step water lowering method of a phreatic water fully-penetrating well inclined shaft of an inclined shaft penetrating water-rich thick sand layer section. According to the method, the concept of water lowering units is introduced. Influence of interference between the water lowering units is considered. Inclined shaft water lowering wells are computed according to computing units successively. According to the character that water lowering depths are different at different well points during an inclined shaft building process, water lowering amounts needed by the water lower units are computed with the Darcy law and the Dupuit formula. By computing construction water lowering of a Xuemiaotan mine number two auxiliary inclined shaft, a computing result meets the construction requirement. The guiding significance in safe construction of the inclined shaft in a water-rich thick sand layer is achieved. The engineering geology conditions and the hydrogeological conditions of the Shaanxi North Yuandatan well field and the Dahaize well field and those of the Xuemiaotan mine are extremely similar, accordingly, the method can be used in building of inclined shafts of the Yuandatan well field and the Dahaize well field, powerful technical support and reference are provided for inclined shaft construction in the areas, application prospect is good, inclined shaft construction speed is increased, cost is saved, and the method is widely used for inclined shaft construction.

The invention discloses a numerical-control phreatic water evaporation automatic water supplementing and monitoring device, which comprises a water level balancer, a Markov bottle, a data acquisition system and a remote monitoring terminal. The bottom portion of the Markov bottle is communicated with the bottom portion of the water level balancer through a communicating pipe; the Markov bottle is internally provided with a water level sensor; the pipeline of the communicating pipe is provided with a water supplementing pump; the water supplementing pump is connected with a water supplementing controller; the water level sensor is connected with an input interface of the water supplementing controller; and the water supplementing controller is also connected with a radio transmitting station. When phreatic water evaporates, the water level balancer and the water level in the Markov bottle decline synchronously; the water level sensor monitors change of the water level; the water supplementing controller controls the water supplementing pump to supplement water to the Markov bottle according to the received water level data to enable the phreatic water level to keep unchanged; meanwhile, the radio transmitting station sends the water level data to the data acquisition system; and finally, collection and monitoring of the phreatic water evaporation data are realized through a remote monitoring server.

The invention relates to an underwater sports energy loss measurer and an implementation method using the underwater sports energy loss measurer. A physical model is built in a library, quaternary loose zone pore water in the flat area of the natural world is used as a simulating object, to simulate the formation, replenishment, runoff, discharge and hydrodynamic features of phreatic water; energyloss of the phreatic water during a moving process is observed via experiments, and the distribution pattern of a phreatic surface is deeply researched. According to the invention, the set of brand new experiment method and technical means are provided for the problems of how to measure the energy loss, energy distribution along the way, flow and seepage velocity of fluid in the loose pore medium, and the important basic information is provided for regional hydrogeological condition survey, underwater water level resource assessment, underwater replenishment, runoff, discharge and other problems of engineering construction; the good economic practical value and application prospect are provided.