The invention relates to the technical field of
drainage basin water scheduling, and discloses a
drainage basin water regulation and control optimization method based on ecological element changes. The method comprises the following steps: deploying a
drainage basin monitoring system, and collecting ecological element real-
time data such as a hydrological parameter sequence and a
remote sensing image; after the data is cleaned and converted, hydrological trend features and
spatial distribution features are extracted by adopting a
feature learning model, and the hydrological trend features and the
spatial distribution features are fused into unified ecological representation through a cross-
modal alignment mechanism; inputting the unified ecological representation into a physically constrained neural network prediction model, and outputting a water
regimen dynamic prediction value; and finally, based on the predicted value, a water resource regulation and control instruction is generated and executed by using a multi-objective decision
algorithm so as to optimize the
watershed water circulation process. According to the method,
feature extraction comprehensiveness is improved through multi-
source data fusion and cross-
modal analysis, prediction reliability is enhanced in combination with physical constraints, reasonable allocation of
water resources is achieved by means of multi-target decision, the ecological condition of a drainage basin can be improved, and the water utilization efficiency is improved.