569 results about "Cooling load" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation, and relates to a variable frequency energy-saving control method for a refrigeration system. The control method comprises the steps of: determining the mass flow of a refrigerant according to the change or change trend of cooling load, then determining consumed power of a compressor which satisfies the flow, predicting the minimum condensation pressure which ensures that the thermal load of a condenser satisfies the cooling load and the power change of the compressor through an established energy-saving control mathematical model, and gradually adjusting the power frequency of the compressor to ensure that the rotating speed of the compressor reaches a predicted value; and adjusting the opening degree of an expansion valve to ensure that the condensation pressure reaches to be lowest, realizing the minimum pressure difference operation between the condenser and an evaporator, and ensuring that the operation energy consumption of the refrigeration system is lowest. The method solves the optimizing control problem of the compressor, the expansion valve and a fan in the system, utilizes the energy-saving control mathematical model to perform joint regulation on controllable factors (such as the rotating speed of the compressor, the opening degree of the expansion valve, and the air volume of an outdoor unit) of the operation of the system, ensures that the refrigeration system operates at a best operating point, and realizes the further energy conservation of the refrigeration system based on the variable frequency regulation.

The invention discloses a method for predicting an hourly cooling load of a central air-conditioner in an office building on line based on indoor temperature and humidity parameters. The method for predicting the cooling load comprises the following steps of: performing time sequence prediction on outdoor meteorological parameters and air-conditioner operation input parameters, establishing an Online support vector regression (SVR) dynamic prediction model of the air-conditioner cooling load by using the data, predicting 24-hour air-conditioner cooling load in the current day in advance, and performing compensation by using a residual sequence of the actual value and the predication value of the 24-hour air-conditioner load in the previous day. The predication data of the air-conditioner cooling load prediction model established by the method is high in reliability; and the method can be applied to occasions for prediction of the hourly cooling load of the central air-conditioner in the office building in a single building or a large range, energy-saving control of a central air-conditioner system, energy consumption prediction of the air-conditioner, power peak clipping in areas and the like.

A vehicle air conditioning apparatus in which the larger the air conditioning cooling load in a vehicle compartment, for example, the larger the solar radiation amount, the lower the set temperature or the larger the temperature deviation between set temperature and inner air temperature, the narrower the swing ranges of swing louvers of respective center and side FACE blow outlets are set. Regardless of the swing range of the swing louvers, swing cycles of the swing louvers are set constant, and the narrower the swing ranges of the swing louvers, the slower the swing speeds of the swing louvers are set. Therefore, annoying feeling is reduced, and comfortable feeling for passengers is significantly improved.

An energy saving air quality control system modulates supply fan speed by use of controlled, variable-frequency drive controls for automatic dampers or suction pressure to maintain adequate air flow across the evaporator coil at partial cooling loads. Demand ventilation in the system balances air quality and energy consumption by controlling the outdoor air damper in response to indoor CO₂ levels. The control system variously either (1) produces a variable 0-10 VDC output signal to modulate the outside ventilation air damper as required to keep the CO₂ concentration below a set point; (2) produces a 0 or 24 VAC signal to either open or close a two-position outside air damper for as long a time period as is required in order to keep the CO₂ concentration below a set point; or (3) allows manually setting the outside air damper to provide proper ventilation air at maximum occupancy and maximum air flow and modulates the supply fan speed as required to keep the CO2 concentration as measured by a CO2 monitor below set point.

The invention discloses a method for online prediction on cooling load of a central air conditioner in marketplace buildings. The method comprises the following steps of: continuously acquiring various parameters; when the quantity of acquired data meets the needs, respectively building prediction models of the air conditioner cooling load and all input parameter values in three types including working day, weekend and festival and holiday by using an Online SVR (Support Vector Regression) method; then, predicting the input parameter value of 24 hours of that very day according to the historical data of outdoor meteorological parameter and air conditioner operation input parameter; finally, predicting the air conditioner cooling load within 24 hours of that very day by using the air conditioner load prediction model of corresponding date type and taking the predicted value of each input parameter within 24 hours of that very day as the input, and compensating by a residual error sequence of the actual value and the predicted value of the air conditioner cooling load in the previous day of the corresponding date type; and simultaneously, dynamically correcting the prediction model of the air conditioner cooling load with online addition of new samples. The method provided by the invention effectively realizes the dynamic and accurate prediction on the air conditioner cooling load.

A system and method of selecting air intake between 100% fresh air mode and 100% recirculated air mode for optimum heating/cooling performance, fuel economy and/or high voltage (HV) battery power consumption is disclosed. The system and method includes a partial recirculation control strategy in which the air inlet door is moved progressively to any position by taking into account cooling/heating loads and cabin fogging probability. As cooling/heating loads increase the air inlet door moves toward 100% recirculation mode. As fogging probability increases the air inlet door moves toward 100% fresh air mode. By selectively choosing a position between 100% recirculation and 100% fresh air, fuel economy and/or HV battery power consumption is optimized without compromising passenger comfort or causing fogging on interior glass surfaces. In cooling applications the compressor load is minimized and air conditioning performance is improved due to the reduced evaporator cooling load. The direct result of this improvement is increased fuel economy in the case of the internal combustion vehicle, reduced engine on time in the case of the hybrid electric vehicle (due to reduced HV battery power consumption), and reduced HV battery power consumption in the case of the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and the electric vehicle (EV). In heating applications, as the heating load is reduced the fuel economy of the internal combustion (IC) engine will be improved, the engine on time is reduced in the case of the HEV, and HV battery power consumption is reduced in the case of the EV.

A controller for an HVAC & R system is provided with the Internet connection to weather forecast information. The weather forecast information is utilized by the controller to take proactive steps in system operation and control. As an example, should the weather forecast information indicate that temperatures will be rising dramatically the next day, the controller may take the proactive step of increasing cooling in the conditioned space during the nighttime. In this manner, when the ambient temperature begins to rise the next day, the cooling load on the HVAC & R system components will be lower. Analogous proactive steps can be taken regarding humidity and fresh air circulation rate within the conditioned space. The present invention not only provides more prompt tailoring of the conditions within an environment to desired conditions, but also does so in a more efficient and less expensive manner

Disclosed is a method and device to increase the cooling load that can be provided by a refrigerant-based thermal energy storage and cooling system with an improved arrangement of heat exchangers. This load increase is accomplished by circulating cold water surrounding a block of ice, used as the thermal energy storage medium, through a secondary heat exchanger where it condenses refrigerant vapor returning from a load. The refrigerant is then circulated through a primary heat exchanger within the block of ice where it is further cooled and condensed. This system is known as an internal/external melt system because the thermal energy, stored in the form of ice, is melted internally by a primary heat exchanger and externally by circulating cold water from the periphery of the block through a secondary heat exchanger.

The invention belongs to the field of optimized dispatching of combined supply of cooling, heating and power microgrid systems and relates to a general optimized dispatching strategy of combined supply of a cooling, heating and power microgrid system. Based on functions of equipment, the equipment of the combined supply of cooling, heating and power microgrid system is divided into three types, namely source equipment, a convertor and energy accumulation equipment; based on load types, loads are divided into electrical loads, steam loads, hot-water loads and cooling loads; energy buses are divided based on different transmission modes of different energies on the combined supply of cooling, heating and power microgrid system; and various equipment is connected among different buses and on a single bus based on properties. The overall system adopts a bus-type structure, takes bus power balance and equipment operation constraint as constraint conditions to model the combined supply of cooling, heating and power microgrid system, and builds a dynamic economic dispatch model taking the minimum operating cost as an optimization objective to solve problems. The general optimized dispatching strategy of the combined supply of cooling, heating and power microgrid system can effectively solve the problems that the combined supply of cooling, heating and power microgrid system has various types of equipment, is complicated in coupling and difficult in dispatching.

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy management of distributed generation energy supply systems of electric power systems. The control method comprises the following steps: before running a combined system on every workday, extracting history cooling load data and power load data of a terminal user from a historical data base and obtaining the delay variation curve of the coolingload and the power load of the terminal user during the whole workday by lone-term load predicting; according to load predicting results, working out the optimal generated output plan of the combinedsystem by adopting optimization control mathematical model; during the running of the combined system, carrying out optimization control calculation again by utilizing the terminal user real-time cooling and power load need obtained from the distributed control system, and modifying the generating capacity and the refrigerating capacity of the combined system. The invention utilizes a distributedmonitoring system to monitor the actual cooling and power load need of the terminal user and can modify the load forecasting result in real time and adjusting the respective controlled variable of the combined system.

A universal transport device that comprises two wheels and interconnected straps for securing and mobilizing a standard, non-wheeled cooler. The two wheels are connected via a stabilizing bar, and are secured under a cooler using a series of connecting straps. The stabilizing bar provides separation of the wheels and support for the cooler load during transport. The straps are adjustable connections around the exterior of the cooler, and comprise a main strap and two or more additional adjoining straps which work to encompass the exterior of the cooler and keep it firmly in place on the stabilizing bar. A handle is secured to the straps to allow a user to tilt and pull the cooler without bending over.

A direct expansion geothermal heat exchange system including certain line set sizes, distances, designs, depths, and lengths, including a long trench system design, certain vapor line coverings and moisturizing means, certain refrigerant operational pressures and type, certain pin restrictor sizes and locations, certain liquid line insulation lengths, certain containment pipe composition, pipe sizing with polyethylene, pipe antifreeze fill percentage, and pipe top sealing, a certain oil return safeguard procedure, certain interior heat exchanger design tonnages with predominate heating loads and with predominate cooling loads, a certain receiver type and capacity, an optional means of placing sub-surface refrigerant transport tubing within respective protective containment pipes, certain trench system and well/borehole system combinations, and certain trench creation means.

A system and method for designing aspects of a cooling system for a data center is provided. A method is provided including computing cooling redundancy at each rack position in a data center, in real time. The redundancy can be reported using the traditional N+1, N+2, etc. notation, where N is the number of coolers required to meet the primary cooling load type specification. The redundancy can also be reported in terms of a Cooling Reliability Index (CRI) which also takes into account the inherent availability of the specific cooling units in the design.

The invention discloses a method for optimizing the operation of a regional integrated energy system considering a load aggregator, First, the day-ahead forecasting data of electric load and day-aheadforecasting data of cold and heat load of the regional integrated energy system are obtained, Load aggregators obtain their respective regional integrated energy system heating and cooling loads taking into account the demand side response according to the specified different demand side response plans, In order to minimize the total operating cost of the regional integrated energy system, network constraint, energy production and conversion equipment constraints, As that constraint of the energy storage equipment and the cold-thermoelectric power balance of the regional integrated energy system are the constraint condition, an optimization model is established to obtain the operation power planning of each energy supply equipment and energy storage equipment, and the operation planning cost under each demand side response plan is compared to determine the optimal load aggregator demand side response plan and the optimal operation planning of each energy supply equipment and energy storage equipment. The method of the invention can effectively improve the economy of the operation of the regional integrated energy system.

The invention discloses a central air-conditioning modeling and controlling strategy on the basis of demand response, which comprises the following steps of building a room model, namely the relation between the indoor temperature and outdoor temperature of the room and sensible heat cooling load; building a center air-conditioning model suitable for the system operation of the demand response, namely the relation between air conditioning load and a decision variable; determining a controlling strategy, namely making an objective function, a control variable, a constraint condition and the like clear; solving the objective function by adopting a harmony search algorithm combining with a state space truncation method; obtaining a result, and performing analysis and treatment on the result. According to the central air-conditioning modeling and controlling strategy on the basis of the demand response, through meticulously building the models, making the strategy of multiple control variables cooperative optimization clear, scientific theoretical support is provided for the central air-conditioning to participate in the system operation of the demand response.

The waste heat recovery system includes a Rankine cycle device in which working fluid circulates through a pump, a boiler, an expander and then through a heat exchanging device, heat exchange occurs in the boiler between the working fluid and intake fluid that is introduced into an internal combustion engine while being cooled. The heat exchanging device includes a condenser condensing the working fluid, a receiver connected downstream of the condenser and storing liquid-phase working fluid, a subcooler connected downstream of the receiver and subcooling the liquid-phase working fluid, and a selector device serving to change the ratio of the condenser to the subcooler. The waste heat recovery system further includes a determination device for determining required cooling load for the intake fluid, and a controller for controlling the selector device depending on the required cooling load determined by the determination device.

A variable capacity refrigeration system for a frozen product dispenser is controllable in response to cooling load requirements of the dispenser to have a variable cooling capacity that is in accordance with the cooling load demands placed on the refrigeration system by the dispenser. This is accomplished, in part, by providing the refrigeration system with a variable capacity compressor, the output capacity of which is controlled by varying its operating speed in a manner such that refrigerant output from the compressor generally meets the mass flow of refrigerant through expansion valves of the system. The arrangement provides for efficient operation of the frozen product dispenser from an energy standpoint and for a reduction in on/off cycling of the refrigeration system.

The invention discloses a model predication control based cooling heating and power generation type micro-grid operation method. The method comprises the steps of building a predication model to predicate the wind power, photovoltaic power and cooling heating power generation load power data within a control time domain in the future; solving a rolling optimizing model at every moment according to the latest predication result and the real-time operation state of each device; calculating the force output of each device at the following time quantum; re-calculating the rolling optimizing model at the next time according to the latest predication result, monitoring the actual wind power value, photovoltaic value, cooling load value, heating load value and power generation load value on real time; updating the historic data; solving and feeding back to correct the model at every 5 minutes to obtain the adjustment of each device; distributing to each device for adjusting until reaching the next rolling optimizing time. With the adoption of the method, the influence of inaccurate predication on the optimal operation of the system can be removed well, thus the system operation risk is reduced, and the system operation stability is improved; meanwhile, the economy of the operation of a cooling heating and power generation type micro-grid can be increased.

The invention discloses a central air conditioner cooling load prediction method based on a BP neural network. The method includes the following steps of firstly, selecting factors influencing the cooling loads of school buildings to serve as input parameters of the neural network; secondly, arranging and preprocessing data of building cooling load prediction samples; thirdly, designing the hierarchical structure of the BP neural network, and determining the hidden layers; fourthly, running BP neural network training till reverse convergence occurs, stopping learning, and outputting a prediction value. The method has the advantages of being high in accuracy and reliability and the like.

A waste heat recovery system is for use with a power unit that includes an internal combustion engine. The waste heat recovery system includes a Rankine cycle device in which working fluid circulates through a pump, a boiler, an expander and then through a condenser, heat exchange occurs in the boiler between the working fluid and intake fluid that is introduced into the internal combustion engine while being cooled, a determination device for determining required cooling load for the intake fluid, a pressure reducing device for reducing evaporation pressure in the Rankine cycle device, and a controller for controlling the pressure reducing device so as to reduce the evaporation pressure below a predetermined evaporation pressure if the required cooling load determined by the determination device exceeds a threshold.

A kind of preventing frostbite, falling fog and water saving cooling tower relates to cooling equipment using for dropping circulating water in temperature. Set air intake blind on each side of top and bottom of tower and set the first and second air-cooling implements near the blind inside the tower. Water distribution pipe of two types of air cooling implements connects with water intake pipe of circulating water, while the outlet pipe connects with distributor and water return pipe of circulating water with by-pass pipe. Collecting water implement sets between tanks under the first air-cooling implement. The cooling of circulating water carries by air-cooling implement and it reduces the cooling load of packed stage and saves water by reducing the amount of evaporation. The exhaust gas is mixture formed by gas from the first air-cooling implement and collecting water implement, whose dew point temperature is lower than the other existing tower to eliminate or reduce the spray of tower and is benefit for environment. The second air-cooling implement increases the cooling load of circulating water in the air-cooling implement to greatly increase water conservation efficiency and warm up the intake air to prevent freezing in winter.