27 results about "Vadose zone" patented technology

The invention discloses a saturated seepage zone and unsaturated moisture zone identification method based on an active heating optical fiber, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the thermal response test of a to-be-tested soil body through the power supply of an AH-UWFBG optical cable, and obtaining a response curve of a temperature rise value [delta] T of the to-be-tested soil body along with time t; the AH-UWFBG optical cable is placed in the saturated soil body, and the temperature rising value delta Tsat of the saturated soil body and the time t0 when the slope of a delta T-lnt curve of the saturated soil body reaches the stable state are measured; judging a boundary line of a saturated seepage zone and an unsaturated water zone in the to-be-detected soil body by judging the slope of the delta T-lnt curve and the size relationship between delta T and delta Tsat, and calculating the water content under the condition of no seepage and the seepage speed under the condition of seepage; the invention provides a new method for monitoring the hydrological process, and more accurate and comprehensive soil moisture and seepage data can be provided for the fields of environmental science, water resource management, agricultural production and the like.

The application discloses a kind of vadose zone soil carbon flux multi-point synchronous monitoring device and method, including with the outside monitoring terminal wireless connection of a base station main body, with a base station main body wireless connection of several groups of acquisition module, acquisition module includes the box of bottom hollow and is arranged on the intelligent sensor group for collecting gas data in box;The gas analysis equipment is arranged in the base station main body, and the input end of gas analysis equipment is connected with the sampling port on the outer wall of several groups of box by several groups of connecting pipeline respectively, and the sample collection mechanism is arranged in the base station main body.The each box of the application is connected with gas analysis equipment by connecting pipeline, and the data acquisition range is improved by gas analysis equipment combined with the intelligent sensor group on the box, and the gas data collected by the intelligent sensor group can be calibrated by periodic gas extraction analysis, to ensure the accuracy and quality of acquisition data.

The invention discloses a sensitivity analysis method and system for influence factors of moisture redistribution of an aeration zone in a subsidence area, and relates to the technical field of protection and utilization of water resources in ecologically fragile mining areas in northwest. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out a soil-water characteristic curve test under a disturbance stress path in a coal mining collapse subsidence area; a VG soil-water characteristic curve model suitable for the coal mining collapse subsidence area is obtained; determining the moisture redistribution condition of the vadose zone of the settlement area under coal mining collapse disturbance under each working condition, wherein the moisture redistribution condition is represented by saturation; based on a range analysis method and a multiple linear regression analysis method, sensitivity analysis is carried out on all main influence factors influencing moisture redistribution of the aeration zone of the subsidence zone under coal mining collapse disturbance, and sensitivity of all the main influence factors is ranked. According to the method, the accurate water redistribution rule of the aeration zone in the coal mining collapse subsidence area can be obtained through calculation, the sensitivity of the influence factors of the water redistribution of the aeration zone is reasonably analyzed, and an important theoretical basis is provided for rapid repair of the coal mining collapse subsidence area.

This application relates to an in-situ self-aeration enrichment device for microorganisms in the vadose zone of contaminated soil, comprising an in-situ enrichment module, a filling matrix, and a composite nutrient additive. The in-situ enrichment module consists of a cuboid, a smooth frustum, and a long cylindrical air-guiding channel, which are integrally formed from bottom to top. The filling matrix is ​​placed into the enrichment module through a fine-mesh mesh bag. The composite nutrient additive is injected into the enrichment module through the long cylindrical air-guiding channel. This enrichment device improves the enrichment efficiency of uncultured microorganisms in the vadose zone of organically contaminated sites through the combined action of the in-situ enrichment module, the filling matrix, and the composite nutrient additive.

The invention discloses a soil-aeration zone-saturated zone cross-medium underground water automatic monitoring device and a monitoring method. The device comprises a soil underground water automatic collection system arranged in a soil layer, an aeration zone underground water automatic collection system arranged in an aeration zone, a saturated zone underground water automatic collection system arranged in a saturated zone, an automatic cleaning system, a water quality automatic monitoring system and a control system. According to the device and the method, the water quality of the soil layer and the aeration zone layer is monitored comprehensively, soil-aeration zone-saturated zone multi-layer cross-medium underground water sampling monitoring can be completed, the cost is greatly saved, and the efficiency is improved.

The present application relates to the field of groundwater data monitoring, and more particularly to a tailing pond groundwater real-time monitoring method and system based on the Internet of Things, which comprises: real-time acquisition of groundwater parameters in each area; determination of abnormal node clusters; determination of pollution plume diffusion path; determination of seepage anomaly type; issuance of early warning for sustained enhanced anomaly; and adjustment of threshold value according to stable seepage type anomaly. The present application achieves accurate early warning of abnormal seepage by arranging multi-source monitoring nodes in the tailing pond area, the dam front area, the dam rear area and the seepage zone, comprehensively collecting key hydrogeological parameters, classifying and identifying different types of seepage anomalies, dynamically correcting the threshold value based on the spatial distribution of stable seepage type node clusters, and making the monitoring system self-adapt to the changing groundwater environment, effectively solving the problem of difficult timely discovery of complex abnormal seepage due to single monitoring parameter, data update lag and insufficient anomaly recognition capability.

This invention belongs to the field of soil and groundwater pollution remediation technology, specifically relating to a combined remediation device and method for vadose zone soil in contaminated sites. It includes at least four swing arms and a sampling and remediation mechanism located at the end of each swing arm. The sampling and remediation mechanism is perpendicular to the ground and includes a drilling section and a sampling monitoring system. The drilling section includes a longitudinal remediation chamber and a sample chamber inside, a telescopic sampling component located at the center of the remediation chamber, and several injection components located on the sidewalls of the remediation chamber. The telescopic sampling component transports soil samples to the sample chamber. After monitoring and analyzing the soil samples through the sampling monitoring system, monitoring results are generated. Based on the monitoring results, a remediation agent is injected into the contaminated vadose zone soil. This invention provides an in-situ remediation device and method that does not require moving the soil, offering high flexibility. The injection depth and injection pressure can be adjusted according to the soil pollution level in the vadose zone, enabling targeted remediation of soil layers in different spatial longitudinal or transverse directions.

The invention discloses an aeration zone soil carbon flux multi-point synchronous monitoring device and method, and the device comprises a base station main body which is in wireless connection with an external monitoring terminal, and a plurality of groups of collection modules which are in wireless connection with the base station main body. The acquisition module comprises a box body with a hollow bottom and an intelligent sensor group which is arranged on the box body and is used for acquiring gas data in the box body; a gas analysis device is arranged in the base station main body, the input end of the gas analysis device is connected with the sampling ports in the outer walls of the plurality of groups of box bodies through a plurality of groups of connecting pipelines, and a sample collection mechanism is arranged in the base station main body. Each box body is connected with the gas analysis equipment through the connecting pipeline, the gas analysis equipment is combined with the intelligent sensor groups on the box bodies, so that the data acquisition range is expanded, and meanwhile, the gas analysis equipment performs regular gas extraction analysis, gas data acquired by the intelligent sensor groups can be calibrated, and the accuracy and the quality of the acquired data are ensured.

The present invention discloses a sensitivity analysis method and system for factors affecting the redistribution of moisture in the vadose zone of a subsidence area, and relates to the technical field of water resource protection and utilization in ecologically fragile mining areas in Northwest China. The method comprises the steps of: conducting a soil-water characteristic curve test under a disturbance stress path in a coal mining subsidence subsidence area; obtaining a VG soil-water characteristic curve model suitable for the coal mining subsidence subsidence area; determining the redistribution of moisture in the vadose zone of the subsidence area under various working conditions characterized by saturation; performing a sensitivity analysis on the main influencing factors affecting the redistribution of moisture in the vadose zone of the subsidence area under coal mining subsidence disturbance based on the range analysis method and the multivariate linear regression analysis method, and ranking the sensitivity of the main influencing factors. The present invention can calculate the accurate law of moisture redistribution in the vadose zone of a coal mining subsidence subsidence area, and rationally analyze the sensitivity of factors affecting moisture redistribution in the vadose zone, thus providing an important theoretical basis for achieving rapid repair of coal mining subsidence subsidence areas.

The invention discloses a multi-scale visual analysis method for an aeration zone water and salt migration driving mechanism, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogeology and environment monitoring. According to the method, a brand new multi-physical field coupling driving model is established, a spatial-temporal heterogeneity quantitative index of moisture-salt migration in a non-uniform pore medium is introduced, and continuous visual analysis from a micro pore scale to a macro region scale is realized by combining an independently designed visual mapping function. The method comprises the following steps: collecting multi-source heterogeneous hydrogeological data; constructing a driving potential field model based on pore network topology evolution; defining a coupling kinetic equation of salt transportation and a multi-scale feature extraction operator; designing a visual rendering parameter mapping rule; and the water-salt migration process is presented through a multi-dimensional dynamic map. The method can accurately reveal the driving mechanism of water and salt migration in the aeration zone and the cross-scale association rule of the driving mechanism, and is suitable for the fields of soil improvement, saline-alkali soil treatment, groundwater pollution prevention and control and the like.

This invention discloses a method and system for predicting soil moisture in the vadose zone. The method first acquires observational and simulated data of the vadose zone within the study area. Based on the time lag of soil moisture and the laws governing moisture transport, a historical feature vector prior to time t is constructed from the original data. Then, for shallow soil, the predicted moisture value is directly obtained using the historical feature vector. For each soil layer in the middle and deep layers, the simulated data is corrected for linear deviation to obtain corrected simulated values. A second machine learning model uses the historical feature vector to predict the residual predicted value between the simulated and observed soil moisture values. The predicted moisture value is then obtained based on the corrected simulated value and the residual predicted value. Finally, moisture prediction is performed on each soil layer along the time series to obtain a moisture prediction sequence for all soil layers. This invention achieves high-precision soil moisture prediction based on the fusion of process models and data-driven methods.

The invention discloses a pollution source downstream aeration zone perfluorinated and polyfluoroalkyl compound treatment system and method. The system comprises a low-permeability adsorption composite function barrier and an underground water remediation facility adjacent to the low-permeability adsorption composite function barrier. The composite functional barrier is formed by compounding a low-permeability material and a material with high adsorbability to PFAS, is arranged near a groundwater surface, and is used for changing a water flow path of an aeration zone above the groundwater surface, forcing the PFAS retained in the aeration zone to enter groundwater and adsorbing the flowing PFAS; the top of the composite function barrier is higher than the pollution plume of the downstream aeration zone of the pollution source and located above the groundwater annual fluctuation highest phreatic level, the bottom of the composite function barrier is located below the groundwater annual fluctuation lowest phreatic level, and the width of the composite function barrier is larger than that of the pollution plume. According to the method, the low-permeability adsorption composite functional barrier is constructed near the diving surface, the low permeability of the composite functional barrier forces PFAS enriched in a downstream aeration zone to enter underground water, and meanwhile, a high-adsorbability material in the composite functional barrier is used for effectively intercepting the flowing PFAS.

The invention discloses a method for monitoring a forest-water relationship in a spring region, and belongs to the field of ecological monitoring and protection, and the method comprises the following steps: setting monitoring points at different water level burial depths and positions of different plants on slopes of two banks perpendicular to the water flow direction of the spring region; installing a trunk liquid flow instrument on the plant at the monitoring point position, and arranging a soil moisture monitoring probe at the root position of the plant to monitor the moisture of an aeration zone at the root position of the plant; arranging soil moisture monitoring probes at the monitoring point positions of the bare soil area and the sand dune area, and monitoring the moisture of the aeration zone of the bare soil area and the sand dune area; weather stations are arranged in the bare soil area and under the forest; and based on different landform position aeration zone moisture and plant water consumption characteristics, combining rainfall characteristics and spring flow analysis to obtain a spring domain forest water relationship, and completing monitoring. The system can solve the problems that atmospheric precipitation, aeration zone moisture of different landform positions, water consumption of different plants, surface water and the interaction relation among the atmospheric precipitation, the aeration zone moisture, the water consumption of the different plants and the surface water are not systematically monitored in the prior art.

The invention discloses a treatment method for a karst tunnel located in an underground water vertical seepage zone and a seasonal variation zone. The treatment method comprises the following steps that firstly, field checking and treatment are conducted; step 2, karst characteristics and surface water seepage paths of disease sections; 3, extracting data features; 4, analyzing a fracture network topological structure; 5, systematic water interception and drainage measures of the drainage tunnel are taken; soil conductivity distribution data are obtained through a transient electromagnetic method, reflection coefficient data are detected through a geological radar method, a fracture-seepage characteristic spectrum is obtained through time synchronization alignment, and a quasi fracture-seepage characteristic matrix is generated for the fracture-seepage characteristic spectrum through a social range. Then the standardized fracture-seepage characteristic matrix is converted into a visible topological graph, and observation is facilitated; precise prevention and control of diseases are achieved by establishing a technical system of water detection, reason analysis, graded treatment and three-dimensional interception, and a three-level progressive technical path is constructed in the treatment stage.

The invention relates to the field of groundwater replenishment mode research, in particular to a method for identifying a groundwater replenishment mode in a thick vadose zone area through combination of multiple tracers. The method solves the problem that the groundwater supply process in a thick aeration zone-aquifer system is difficult to find. The method comprises the following specific steps: 1, observing the shape of tracers (Cl <->, NO3 <-> and 3H) in a farmland / grassland soil profile; 2, analyzing the change of underground water tracers (Cl <->, NO3 <->, delta D, delta 18O and the like) along with time and the response of the underground water tracers to rainfall; 3, determining the tritium content and 14C apparent age of underground water; and 4, comparing the similarity of the composition of rainfall, soil water and groundwater isotopes (deltaD, delta18O), and evaluating the evaporation effect. According to the method, a plurality of chemical tracers, stable isotope and radioactive isotope fingerprint technologies are combined, the groundwater supply mode is evaluated at the same time from the aspects of the aeration zone and the saturation zone, the accuracy of the identification result is verified through multiple technical means, and a comprehensive method framework is provided for solving the groundwater supply mechanism in the thick aeration zone area.

A method for determining the distribution characteristics of vadose zone water based on soil and rock parameters is proposed. This method employs a high-density electrical resistivity tomography (EDT) system using both the Wenner α and Wenner β sensors for identification and measurement. Numerical analysis is then used to establish a resistivity forward model of the measured profile, based on a thorough understanding of the soil and rock characteristics of the work area and the conductivity information of the water body. The forward model typically considers various scenarios, including but not limited to situations where pores and microfractures are completely, partially, or not filled by water. Through numerical analysis and interpretation of the measured resistivity profile and the resistivity profile obtained from the forward model, the distribution characteristics of vadose zone water are ultimately delineated. This method is efficient and environmentally friendly, causing no pollution to the underground environment. It can quickly determine the range and depth of vadose zone water, providing a solid foundation for subsequent ecological restoration and construction, as well as for the investigation and prediction of environmentally polluted sites.

The present invention relates to a method and system for estimating hydrogeological parameters of the vadose zone and aquifer in the coastal zone, including the steps of: establishing an analytical model of groundwater flow movement including the influence of the vadose zone, and solving to obtain an analytical solution of the groundwater level in the aquifer driven by tides; collecting borehole water level monitoring data of the area to be estimated, and analyzing the water level time series in the borehole water level monitoring data to obtain groundwater level fluctuations; fitting the analytical solution of the groundwater level with the groundwater level fluctuations in the water level monitoring data, and selecting the parameter values corresponding to the fitting curve that meets the requirements; based on the Richards equation describing groundwater flow in the vadose zone, the present invention establishes a mathematical model of groundwater flow in an unsaturated-saturated coupled aquifer driven by tides, obtains analytical solutions of groundwater levels at different positions in the vadose zone and aquifer through mathematical analytical methods, and fits them with borehole observation data, which can effectively invert and estimate the hydrogeological parameters of the vadose zone and aquifer.

The invention provides an instrument and a method for layered monitoring of aeration water, diving and confined water. The instrument for layered monitoring of aeration water, diving and confined water comprises a lower side circular supporting plate, the upper surface of the lower side circular supporting plate is fixedly connected with a lower side circular protection plate, and the inner surface of the lower side circular protection plate is slidably connected with an upper side circular protection plate; and the outer surface of the upper side annular protection plate is fixedly connected with a rectangular magnet for adsorption. By monitoring different water layers, additional mechanical protection is provided through the design of a lower-side annular protection plate and an upper-side annular protection plate, the durability and reliability of the equipment are improved, the equipment can utilize solar energy through an inclined solar panel and an illumination driving device, dependence on an external power source is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged. And the design of the electric telescopic rod and the lifting barrier plate allows the height and position of the equipment to be adjusted to adapt to different monitoring environments and requirements, thereby realizing convenient installation and maintenance.

The invention relates to the technical field of underground water environment monitoring well construction, and discloses a different aquifer underground water environment monitoring well building method which comprises the following steps: determining a target aquifer needing to be monitored, and drilling to form a hole according to the position of a selected monitoring well; a well pipe is put into the hole, the axis of the well pipe is limited through a supporting limiting piece, and a water filtering pipe section of the well pipe and the target aquifer are arranged correspondingly; a packing water stop layer is formed between the hole and the well casing and at the corresponding position of the aeration zone and the opposite water-resisting layer, a clay layer and a quartz fine sand layer are sequentially formed on the side, close to the target water-bearing layer, of the packing water stop layer, and a filter material layer is formed at the corresponding position of the target water-bearing layer. The supporting limiting piece is arranged on the outer side of the well casing, so that the well casing can be supported, and the well casing is prevented from making contact with the inner wall of the hole; a water seepage layer is formed by the clay layer, the quartz fine sand layer and the filter material layer, so that disturbance of the monitoring well to a target aquifer is reduced; and permeation of underground water of a non-target aquifer is isolated through the packing water stop layer.

The present invention discloses a method for rapid assessment of groundwater pollution risk based on interface processes, comprising the following steps: S1, conducting a survey on site pollution status and hydrogeological conditions; S2, constructing a site conceptual model based on the survey results of the site pollution status and hydrogeological conditions, determining the distance between the contaminated soil and the groundwater aquifer, querying the groundwater function classification in the area where the site is located, and determining the groundwater protection target value; S3, calculating the attenuation coefficient of the pollutant distribution process in different soil types; S4, calculating the attenuation coefficient of the transmission process of the vadose zone soil layer; S5, calculating the total attenuation coefficient of the pollutants entering the groundwater aquifer; S6, calculating the concentration of the pollutants entering the groundwater; S7, evaluating whether the pollutants in the soil will cause groundwater pollution after entering the groundwater; and S8, calculating the soil remediation target value for the case where the assessment result shows that the pollutants will cause groundwater pollution.

The utility model discloses a moisture migration experimental device suitable for a huge thick aeration zone, which belongs to the technical field of aeration zone moisture migration and comprises a soil tank, a double-ring test is arranged at the bottom of the soil tank, is used for measuring the vertical permeability coefficient of a sandy gravel layer below a fine soil layer and is arranged at the bottom of the soil tank; and a plurality of negative pressure meters, soil moisture testers, soil moisture extractors and thermometers are buried in three wall surfaces of the soil tank. The negative pressure meter, the soil moisture tester and the thermometer are arranged in the soil tank in a reasonable manner, and the sensors are connected with the automatic data acquisition unit, so that the moisture migration conditions of the soil at different depths in the extremely thick aeration zone can be accurately monitored for a long time. The device can ensure accurate measurement and analysis of soil moisture by accurately arranging monitoring equipment, so that the migration conditions of soil moisture at different depths can be clearly reflected.

The present invention relates to the technical field of construction of groundwater environment monitoring wells, and discloses a method for constructing a groundwater environment monitoring well in different aquifers, including: determining the target aquifer to be monitored, drilling a hole according to the selected location of the monitoring well; lowering a well pipe into the hole, limiting the axis of the well pipe through a support limiting member, and arranging the filter pipe section of the well pipe corresponding to the target aquifer; between the hole and the well pipe, a sealing and water-stopping layer is formed at the corresponding positions of the vadose zone and the relatively impermeable layer, a clay layer and a fine quartz sand layer are sequentially formed on the side of the sealing and water-stopping layer close to the target aquifer, and a filter layer is formed at the corresponding position of the target aquifer. By arranging a support limiting member on the outer side of the well pipe, the well pipe can be supported to prevent the well pipe from contacting the inner wall of the hole; by forming a water seepage layer through the clay layer, the fine quartz sand layer and the filter layer, the disturbance of the monitoring well to the target aquifer is reduced; through the sealing and water-stopping layer, the infiltration of groundwater in non-target aquifers is isolated.

The application discloses a kind of soil and groundwater VOC online monitoring device and method, the device includes: groundwater VOC collection unit, the preset volume of groundwater collected in situ is heated to boiling, while VOC in groundwater volatilizes, liquid internal gas phase enters the process in the upper portion of liquid surface VOC is stripped off;Soil VOC collection unit, the soil is heated in the vadose zone soil VOC monitoring well periphery, and VOC in soil enters gas phase by thermal desorption;VOC online monitoring unit receives groundwater VOC and soil VOC transmitted by high-temperature heat tracing sampling tube and respectively carries out concentration detection.The device and method of the application can overcome the technical defects of insufficient detection accuracy caused by insufficient VOC volatilization during on-site sampling in petrochemical sites, and can simultaneously realize online monitoring and early warning of soil and groundwater VOC pollution in petrochemical sites.

The invention relates to the field of underground water data monitoring, in particular to a tailing pond underground water real-time monitoring method and system based on the Internet of Things, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining underground water parameters of each region in real time; determining an abnormal node cluster; determining a pollution plume diffusion path; determining a seepage anomaly type; early warning is given out for continuous enhanced abnormity; and adjusting the threshold value according to the stable seepage type abnormity. According to the method, multi-source monitoring nodes are arranged in a tailing pond area, a dam front area, a dam rear area and a seepage zone, key hydrogeological parameters are comprehensively collected, different types of seepage anomalies are classified and recognized, accurate early warning of abnormal seepage is achieved, a threshold value is dynamically corrected based on spatial distribution of stable seepage type node clusters, and the early warning accuracy is improved. The monitoring system can adapt to the changing groundwater environment, and the problem that complex abnormal seepage is difficult to find in time due to the fact that monitoring parameters are single, data updating lags behind and the abnormal recognition capacity is insufficient is effectively solved.

This invention discloses an experimental system for simulating the vadose zone moisture transport process under the influence of surface water bodies. The system includes: a host computer module, a water supply unit, a flow collection unit, and, from top to bottom, an artificial rainfall unit, a surface water simulation unit, a vadose zone simulation unit, and a groundwater control unit connected sequentially. The host computer module receives data from each unit; the artificial rainfall unit adjusts rainfall intensity and duration; the surface water simulation unit simulates surface water bodies; the vadose zone simulation unit simulates different soil types; the groundwater control unit simulates groundwater; the water supply unit supplies water to the artificial rainfall unit, the surface water simulation unit, and the groundwater control unit; and the flow collection unit collects water overflowing from the surface water simulation unit and the groundwater control unit. The system can accurately reflect the vadose zone moisture transport patterns under the influence of surface water bodies.

The application discloses a fly ash backfill field groundwater pollution risk assessment method based on a double-module analytical model, and comprises the following steps: obtaining geological parameters, hydrological parameters and pollutant parameters of a backfill field area; constructing a vadose zone pollutant migration model based on the parameters, and calculating the concentration of the pollutant when the pollutant enters an aquifer; taking the output as the input, constructing an aquifer pollutant migration model, and predicting the pollutant concentration at a target sensitive point; comparing the predicted concentration with a groundwater quality standard value, and judging whether the groundwater pollution risk is controllable; determining a risk sensitive area based on the simulation result, and identifying key control parameters affecting the pollutant migration. The application adopts a double-model series analytical calculation method, simplifies the operation process, improves the accuracy and consistency of the risk assessment, and is suitable for groundwater pollution risk prediction and control of a fly ash backfill field.

The present invention discloses a method and device for predicting the water flux in the vadose zone based on temperature time series, including: setting the initial conditions of the heat transfer model; using the measured temperature time series at two monitoring depths adjacent to the target depth as boundary conditions; obtaining the measured values of the temperature time series and water content time series at the target depth; solving the model by the finite difference method to obtain the predicted values of the temperature time series and water content time series at the target depth; calculating the L2 loss function of the model and determining whether the loss function reaches the minimum value. If so, output the liquid water and gaseous water fluxes; otherwise, use an optimization algorithm to optimize the undetermined parameters of the model and output the optimal liquid water and gaseous water fluxes. The present invention can calculate the soil liquid water and gaseous water fluxes at different depths below the ground surface using the measured temperature time series, which is simple and has high calculation efficiency, providing a new tool for quantitatively evaluating the water flux in the vadose zone.