2230 results about "Soil cover" patented technology

A planting machine for delivering liquid pesticides to the soil mixing zone preceding the furrow closing mechanism to effectively distribute liquid pesticide throughout soil covering seed in a furrow. The planting machine has a furrow opening mechanism, seed dispensing means, and furrow closing mechanism and includes a seed positioning means mounted on the seed dispensing means for effectively locating seeds in the furrow. Also, the planting machine includes means for liquid pesticide spray delivery mounted thereon so as to direct a spray towards the furrow closing mechanism and into the soil mixing zone being created by the furrow closing mechanism. The means for spray delivery can be mounted on the conventional seed positioning means as well as independently mounted on the planting machine.

The invention discloses a sowing device capable of identifying the bulbil direction of garlic cloves, which comprises a garlic seed box (1), a garlic clove fetcher (2), a garlic seed conveyer (3) and a garlic seed-sowing tube (4). The sowing device capable of identifying the bulbil direction of garlic cloves is characterized in that the middle of the garlic seed conveyer (3) is provided with an opposed photoelectric sensor (7) for detecting whether a single garlic clove passes by in a limited time, a lower opening of the garlic seed conveyer (3) is in butt joint with a turnable hopper-shaped opening (8), an opposed photoelectric sensor (9) for judging bulbil is arranged at the bottom opening part of the turnable hopper-shaped opening (8), and a furrowing blade (12) is arranged at the bottom end of the garlic seed-sowing tube (4) and provided with soil-covering wheels (13) at both sides of a seed-sowing opening. By combining a mechanical mode and a photoelectric sensing and detecting technology, the device identifies and controls the bulbil direction to directly sow, thereby lightening the labor intensity, improving the labor efficiency and the upward bulbil accuracy of garlic cloves and achieving high degree of automation.

The invention discloses a corn planting and cultivating method. The corn planting and cultivating method includes the following steps of selecting a corn variety and conducting soil preparation before planting, arranging wide rows and narrow rows at intervals, sowing corn, completing sowing, pipe paving, film paving and soil covering through an air suction type precision seeder, and conducting field management in the seedling stage, the ear stage and the flower stage, wherein the width of each wide row ranges from 85cm to 95cm, the width of each narrow row ranges from 25cm to 35cm, a drip irrigation zone is paved in the middle of each narrow row. According to the corn planting and cultivating method, due to the fact that the method that the wide rows and the narrow rows are arranged at intervals is adopted, the number of drip lines which are used can be lowered. Modifiers are sprayed in the early period of the field management in the seedling stage to control the plant height and the ear position, and the defect that through a conventional planting method, the corn easily falls over due to the fact that the plant height is large and the ear position is high is overcome. Pesticide is sprayed through a self-propelled high-stalk crop boom sprayer in the middle and later period of management to control pests, the influences of natural disasters on corn growth are reduced, and the influences on productivity caused by a large number of European corn borers, cotton bollworms, aphids, leafhoppers and red spiders appearing after corn jointing are eliminated.

The present invention relates to a method for planting grape in arid desert area. Said method includes the following several steps: according to the spacing distance of 4-6m excavating overwintering soil-covering cold-resisting channel, excavating planting channel in the centre of cold-resisting channel bottom, laying PVC plastic film on the channel bottom of planting channel and two side walls, filling coarse sand or chad into the channel bottom, then making the planting channel be filled up with soil and fertilizer mixture, according to the spacing distance of 1m planting grape young tree, at two sides of tree body respectively setting one drip irrigation band, at two sides of root system alternatively making irrigation, adopting small trellis form and pruning, when autumn changes into winter in every year, removing aerial portions of grape main vine and fruiting twigs from grape trellis and placing them into cold-resisting channel and covering said cold-resisting channel with a layer of sandy soil whose thickness is 50cm for overwintering.

The invention discloses a drip irrigation dry-farming planting method under a rice direct seeding film, which belongs to a crop planting agriculture method. A timely seeding operation is carried out after the preparation before seeding is finished; the seeding operation is as follows: the operations of drip irrigation zone paving, film covering, punching, hole seeding and soil covering on a hole are accomplished by one time by a drip irrigation tube-paving film-paving fine seeder under the film; the drip irrigation zone is arranged on the lower surface of a plastic film and is connected with a water-carriage system; and timely and proper water dripping and fertilizing are carried out according to the growing demand of the crops. The drip irrigation dry farming planting method can be applied to save water by 60 to 70 percent, save the fertilizers by 30 percent, have high degree of mechanization, save labor, reduce the field management and reduce the pesticide pollution.

The invention discloses a high-yield Shanhua-15 peanut precise-cultivation method. The method comprises the following steps such as field selection, soil preparation, fertilization, seed treatment and sowing and specifically comprises, on the basis of sufficient soil preparation and base fertilizer application, ditching three fertilizing furrows on every ridges during ridging, which include one in the middle and the other two on both sides, and the depth of the furrows is 10-15 cm; applying biological organic insect-prevention fertilizer inside the furrows, performing full irrigation and then soil covering on the furrows, and sowing 2 seeds for each hole between every two fertilizing furrows with a spacing of 15-17 cm; performing film mulching after the sowing. The high-yield Shanhua-15 peanut precise-cultivation method has the advantages of improving the ground temperature inside the sowing ridges, enhancing the fertility of soil and increasing the organic matter content in the soil.

The invention relates to a soil covering culture method for simulated wild glossy ganoderma, which comprises the following steps that: a glossy ganoderma culture bag is subjected to germicidal treatment, inoculated with strains of the glossy ganoderma when the temperature in the culture bag is cooled to about 30 DEG C, and then cultured under dark or weak light environment, and mycelia are grown full of the bag; a furrow is made on loosen sandy soil, drainage channels are arranged on the periphery, a glossy ganoderma bed is dug in the furrow, the culture bag is opened and vertically arranged in the glossy ganoderma bed in a way that the inoculation surface is upwards, the bag is covered with soil, gaps are filled by the soil, and the soil is kept moist; the glossy ganoderma bag is cultured continuously in the open air and promoted to grow the glossy ganoderma naturally; and a sunshade is erected after the fruit body of the glossy ganoderma is ripen, a rainproof plastic film is spread on the sunshade, the culture is continued, and ganoderma lucidum spore is collected. The method adopts a field open cold frame soil covering mode to grow the glossy ganoderma, changes the problem that the glossy ganoderma is always in the greenhouse environment in the prior art, reduces cost, only needs aseptic processing and humidity maintaining in the culture process, and is simple, high in programming and easy in promotion.

The invention discloses a reclaimed water treatment system combining an upflow aerating biological filter with horizontal underflow artificial wetland. The system consists of the upflow aerating biological filter and the horizontal underflow artificial wetland; the upflow aerating biological filter comprises a water inlet guide tube positioned at the bottom of the filter; a filter plate, a supporting layer, an A section filler area, a B section filler area and a water outlet area are sequentially arranged above the water inlet guide pipe; a communicating water pipe is mounted on the water outlet area, and communicated with a regulating tank of the horizontal underflow artificial wetland; an aerator pipe is led out of the supporting layer; the regulating tank and a matrix area parallel to the regulating tank are arranged at the lower layer of the horizontal underflow artificial wetland; the matrix area sequentially comprises a macadam area, a steel slag area, a zeolite area and a water outlet gravel area from left to right; the water outlet gravel area is equipped with a water outlet pipe; and a soil covering layer and aquatic plants are arranged at the upper layer of the horizontal underflow artificial wetland. With the adoption of the system, on-site treatment and utilization of sewage are achieved; the sewage treatment process flow is simplified; and operation and management costs are lowered.

The invention relates to a reclamation method of subsided farm land after an earthquake disaster, belonging to the technical field of environment, ecology and waste land treatment and utilization. The method comprises the following steps of: carrying out surface soil peeling on subsided farm land caused by earthquake; filling and primarily shaping the peeled subsided area; carrying out insulating material covering and laminating on the primarily shaped subsided area; covering soil on the subsided area covered by the insulating material to further shape; and carrying out a biological improvement project on the soil covered and shaped subsided area. The invention ensures that the land damaged by the earthquake can be recycled and reach a higher production level as soon as possible so as to form a stale self-sustaining farm sustaining system, improve the microorganism contents of the soil, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and form a benign ecological system circulation.

The invention relates to a construction method of a soil covering tank for storing product oil and the like, which comprises the following steps of: (A) building a tank chamber of a soil covering tank: firstly, carrying out earth excavation with a method combining a back-acting shovel and manual excavation; then, manufacturing a ring beam, precasting concrete blocks on the spot according to the radian of the ring beam, and building the concrete blocks; carrying out the engineering of steel bars: welding steel bars by machining, and manually binding the steel bars on the spot; carrying out the engineering of templates and scaffolds: taking a bamboo plywood as a top plate template of a concrete thin shell of the tank chamber, designing a camber at the middle part, and taking scaffold tubes as bottom template brackets of the thin shell of the tank; then, carrying out concrete engineering and asphalt sand construction; and finally, carrying out waterproof engineering, thereby completing the construction of the tank chamber of the soil covering tank; and (B) installing a storage tank body of the soil covering tank: firstly, precasting the storage tank body; then, installing a tank bottom plate; installing the tank body, and welding the storage tank; and finally, testing and inspecting to complete the whole construction process of the soil covering tank after the construction is qualified. The invention reduces the occurrence of accidents, increases the benefit and reduces the dust emission.

The invention discloses a full-automatic film-laying soil-covering transplanter which is the full-automatic operated integrated transplanter capable of mechanically realizing automatic film laying and automatic soil covering transplanting on a film. The full-automatic film-laying soil-covering transplanter comprises a rack, a transmission mechanism, a film laying mechanism, a drip irrigation belt laying mechanism, a furrowing, film laying and soil covering mechanism, a transplanting mechanism and travelling wheels, and is characterized in that the transmission mechanism, the furrowing, film laying and soil covering mechanism, the drip irrigation belt laying mechanism and the transplanting mechanism are respectively arranged on the rack; the travelling wheels are arranged at the back side part of the rack. The full-automatic film-laying soil-covering transplanter has the benefits that shaping, film laying, drip irrigation belt laying and seedling transplanting can be accomplished in field operation at one step, adjustment of plant spacing and row spacing can be realized, the planting requirements of different seedlings can be met, very strong universality and adaptability are achieved, besides, the agricultural requirements of the crop seedlings subjected to soil covering transplanting on the film can be met, the transplanting is accurate and reliable, and the problems that as the covered soil at the root parts of the crop seedlings is insufficient, the crop seedlings have high possibility of toppling and falling as well as damaging the film, formed holes on the film surface are oversize, and furrowing disc scratches the mulching film are effectively solved.

The invention provides an onsite processing process for discarding initial rainwater in a heavy rain without occupying area, belonging to the technical field of environmental engineering. The invention discloses an onsite processing device for the discarding initial rainwater in the heavy rain without occupying area, which comprises a water inlet mechanism, a soil covering layer, a mixed layer, a soil layer, a gravel layer, a fine sand layer, a foundation layer and a draining mechanism, wherein the soil covering layer, the mixed layer, the soil layer, the gravel layer, the fine sand layer and the foundation layer are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; and the water inlet mechanism is connected with the mixed layer; and the draining mechanism is connected with the gravel layer and the fine sand layer. By the invention, the discarded initial rainwater in the heavy rain can reach the grade I discharge standard of the Discharge standard of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB18918-2002) and GB/T 18920-2002 reuse of recycling water for urban and water quality standard for urban miscellaneous water consumption, and the blockage problem of the groove processing system can be effectively prevented.

The invention provides an artificial wetland with combined fillers for the advanced treatment of the effluent coking wastewater of iron and steel enterprises, which sequentially comprises a water inlet area, a wetland processing unit area and a water outlet area, wherein the wetland processing unit area sequentially comprises a gravel filler section, an iron carbon filler section and a manganese sand filler section; and a soil covering layer and wetland plants are arranged on the surface of the wetland. By using iron carbon, manganese sand and gravels as combined fillers and using emerging plants (such as cattail, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Thalia dealbata, reed and the like) having large biomass, salinization resistance and high metal and organic substance adsorptive power as a composite plant bed, the invention forms a horizontal subsurface flow artificial wetland. Thus, when industrial waste water moves into the artificial wetland, pollutants can be removed on the basis of a series of physical, chemical and biological interaction among the fillers, plants and microorganisms. The process provided by the invention has high pollutant shock load resistance and good treatment effect. Besides, the outlet water is stable, and main indexes of the outlet water can meet the Reuse of Urban Recycling Water-Water Quality Standard for Industrial Uses (GB/T 19923-2005). Thus, the outlet water can be recycled as circulating cooling water for steel enterprises.

The invention relates to peat bog information extracting methods, in particular to a peat bog information extracting method based on ENVISAT ASAR, Landsat TM and DEM data, and solves the problem that peat bog and other bog types cannot be distinguished by a conventional method. The peat bog information extracting method includes step 1, preprocessing Landsat TM data; step 2, preprocessing ENVISAT ASAR data; step 3, re-sampling the ENVISAT ASAR data; step 4, acquiring an ENVISAT ASAR image; step 5, acquiring gradient data; step 6, extracting back scattering coefficient; step 7, determining optimal polarization mode waveband of the ENVISAT ASAR image; step 8, acquiring a division unit; step 9, extracting feature parameters; step 10, determining optimal classification waveband; step 11, establishing a classification decision-making tree; step 12, generating a soil covering type vector file; step 13, making a peat bog map. The peat bog information extracting method is applied to the field of peat bog information extracting.

The invention provides a method for culturing mushroom using pig nightsoil comprising culturing the mushroom using pig nightsoil instead of the cow dung in the conventional mushroom culture medium. The cultivation steps are as follows: culture medium preparation- stacking prewet- primary fermentation- post fermentation- cooling- sowing- fungi growth and soil cover- management of producing mushroom- mushroom picking- mushroom product. By using the pig nightsoil instead of cow dung to culture mushroom, the method of the invention solves the raw material source problem of the mushroom scale production, reduces the production cost of the mushroom, is useful for the sustainable development of the edible fungi industry, improves the production efficiency of the edible fungi, further more achieves the resource utilization of the pig nightsoil, improves the utilization value of the pig nightsoil, reduces the pollution discharge in the pig industry and is useful for quantitative reduction and resource reutilization in the pig industry.

The invention discloses a buried COTDR perimeter intrusion alarming system and a signal processing method. The system comprises a detection optical cable arranged along the boundary of a defense region; a sensing optical fiber is arranged in the detection optical cable; the boundary of the defense region is provided with an inverted trapezoid-shaped canal; the bottom part of the canal is provided with a gravel layer; a layer of natural soil covers the gravel layer; the detection optical cable is arranged in the center position of the gravel layer; one end of the detection optical cable is connected with a monitoring host; the monitoring host comprises a strong coherent light source and a photodetector; strong coherent light as incident light pulses is injected from the incident end of the sensing optical cable; backscattering signals detected by the photodetector are signals after mutual interference of Rayleigh scattering light returned to the incident end by each point in the sensing optical cable; according to the light intensity changes of the backscattering signals, the monitoring host judges the intensity of vibration happening to the boundary of the defense area; and according to the time delay between the incident light pulses and the backscattering signals, the vibration position is judged. The system and the method have the advantages of sensitive reaction, real-time performance, high efficiency and accurate positioning.

The invention provides a device for planting arbors in rocky desertification regions and preparation and planting method thereof. The planting device includes a basal disc parent body, an evaporation-proof cover, moisture absorption roots, and a water storage layer; the basal disc parent body is a circular column obtained by compression forming of water retention nutrient soil; the evaporation-proof cover is formed by combining two half circular discs through a buckle, the centre of the evaporation-proof cover is provided with a growth hole, and the bottom of the evaporation-proof cover is provided with a plurality of water collection holes and funnels; each moisture absorption root is cylindrical bar-shaped; the water storage layer is formed by nutrient soil covered by high water absorbing fibers; the basal disc parent body is positioned in a rock hole dug in a rock, the evaporation-proof cover covers an upper part of the basal disc parent body, the water storage layer is positioned on the bottom of the basal disc parent body, and a plurality of the moisture absorption roots are positioned on the bottom of the water storage layer and contact the water storage layer. According to the invention, the beneficial technical effects are that the good moisture and nutrient substances are provided for early survival and growth of tree seedlings, so that the tree seedlings can take root and survive easily, and the roots of the trees can grow downward along the moisture absorption roots; and the structure is simple, and the operation is convenient.

The invention discloses a rotary tilling and ridging and crawler conveying type whole plastic soil covering machine which comprises a frame, a rotary tilling mechanism, a suspension bracket, a gear box, a transmission mechanism, a soil conveying mechanism, a plastic spreading roller, a plastic hanging bracket, a land wheel, a press wheel and a reshaper and further comprises a soil belt stacking mechanism. The front end of a rotary tilling blade is bended to form an arced working surface so as to crush soil blocks and weed stubbles on the surface of the land for the convenience of conveying the soil. Meanwhile, the soil conveying mechanism is improved and the crawler conveying manner is adopted, so smooth conveying of the soil is ensured, and a crawler structure of the whole plastic soil covering machine can work under high intensity for a long time without breaking, bending or fatigue damage. The whole plastic soil covering machine is added with the soil belt stacking mechanism to match with the soil conveying mechanism, and when the whole plastic soil covering machine goes forward, the soleplate of a soil collecting bin is enabled to open and close at intervals under the actions of the land wheel and a pull spring to cover soil on the surface of the plastic. The amount of the covering soil is even, the covering spaces are well-balanced, and the whole plastic soil covering machine is good in operational reliability, high in integration degree, facilitates the farming work and saves labor.

The invention discloses a method for planting a cinnamomum kotoense seedling. The method comprises the following steps: (1), mixing red mud, white sand mud, pond sludge and dongjiang sea-web mud to acquire mixed soil; (2), paving the mixed soil acquired in the step (1), and digging out shallow pits which are 3cm-5 cm deep at a line spacing of 40cm-60 cm and a row spacing of 30cm-50cm; (3), sowing the seeds in the shallow pits in the step (2), and covering the shallow pits by the mixed soil acquired in the step (1), wherein the soil covering thickness is 1cm-3cm; (4), irrigating the shallow pits which are covered with soil in the step (3), so that the seeds germinate after 3-6 days and are grown to seedlings after 120-150 days. Thus, the cinnamomum kotoense can sufficiently absorb all micro elements and nutrients contained in the mixed soil of the red mud, white sand mud, pond sludge and dongjiang sea-web mud, so as to be quickly grown to a ginseng-shaped root part within a growing period. A plurality of cinnamomum kotoenses are acquired to increase earnings.

The invention discloses a corn-soybean strip-shaped compound planting no-tillage fertilization precision seeder and belongs to the technical field of farm machines. The machine includes a suspension machine frame, a rotary tillage system, a power transmission system, a fertilization and ditching system and a sowing and soil covering system. Through an installation mode that reverse-rotation rotarytillage and the inclined and forward arrangement of a drive land wheel is combined, blades thus can cut stubbles forward, the stubble cleaning and soil breaking effects are ensured, the drive wheel thus can always walk on the ground, the occurrence of seedling missing and ridge breaking is avoided, and the seeder has the advantages of being simple in structure, precise in sowing, uniform in quality and the like, Under various kinds of parameters, the plant distance is adjusted and changed, and the minimum plant distance can be adjusted to 6 cm, the application range is wider, and smooth implementation of a high-yield close-planting mode is ensured. The seeder has high adaptability to crops, and is suitable for simultaneous sowing operation of corn, soybeans and other seeds with the shapesimilar to the shape of core or soybeans.

The invention belongs to the field of edible fungus cultivation and discloses a method for three-dimensionally cultivating white mushroom by a wall soil-covered cultivation process. The method comprises the following steps: building a pergola, producing fungus bags, preparing composite nutrient soil, ripping the bags and making a wall, and is characterized in that: white mushroom bags with hyphae are arrayed and vertically piled in the pergola, and are connected by the composite nutrient soil and the prepared nutrient soil so as to form rows of stable mushroom walls; and the method realizes the frugal three-dimensional cultivation of the white mushroom and effectively solves the problem that a cultivation material loses water. The wall soil-covered cultivation process of the invention creates a small climatic ecological environment for the white mushroom, can increase discharge per unit area, improve land utilization rate, achieve the effect of preserving moisture and increase the yield by 30 percent, breaks a new way for high-yield cultivation of the white mushroom without increasing cost and consuming energy, and can be popularized and applied in vast rural areas.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating dictyophora rubrovolvata in a bacteria stick bag-removing soil-covering mode through pine and China fir sawdust fermentation materials and sterilized materials. The method comprises the steps of (1) preprocessing of raw materials, (2) material stacking and fermentation, (3) bacteria stick cultivation, (4) bag-removing and soil-covering cultivation, (5) fruiting management and (6) harvesting. According to the method, pine and China fir sawdust fermentation cultivation is achieved, dictyophora rubrovolvata cultivation is changed into pine and China fir sawdust fermentation material cultivation from birch raw material cultivation, damage caused by dictyophora rubrovolvata industries to resources and pollution caused by random straw stacking and straw incineration to the environment are avoided, bacteria stick bag-removing soil-covering cultivation is achieved, distributed planting of the dictyophora rubrovolvata is changed into saving type planting comprising united fermentation and concentrated fruiting, and a modern scientific management mode is achieved. The workshop-style management mode of the dictyophora rubrovolvata is changed into a factory-like, standardized and anniversary production and business mode. Therefore, production efficiency is improved, the cost is reduced, and the foundation is laid for sustainable development of the Zhijin Dictyophora industry.

An antiscour ecological trench for the interception of phosphorus loss is characterized in that a natural trench is excavated or improved to form a main canal according to the natural landforms, and gully cliffs of the main canal is formed by the arrangement of hollow de-alkali cement prefabricated sections with holes at the bottom; the bottom of the trench is layered with broken stones and cultivation soil covers the surface layer of the broken stones; a phosphorus fixation matrix and the cultivated soil are uniformly mixed to coat into the prefabricated sections of the gully cliffs, and seeds of attached plants are sowed at the bottom of the trench and in the gully cliffs; and cement interception dams are arranged at intervals on the main canal. According to the ecological trench provided by the invention, by designing the form and structure of the trench, the capability of the trench to resisting waterpower scour can be effectively improved, and multiple constitutional units all have functions of absorbing and intercepting phosphorus; phosphorus in a pollutant-holding water body is rapidly and effectively intercepted by multiple technical means of plant absorption, sediment interception and phosphorus fixation matrix, which are effective methods for solving high concentration of phosphorus in superfluous phosphorus background areas, controlling the output of phosphorus under strong water-power condition and treating non-point source pollution.