867 results about "Clay soil" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of roadbed engineering, and particularly relates to a construction uniformity evaluation method for a clay improved copper tailing roadbed. The method comprises the following specific steps: S1, determining the proportion of the clay improved copper tailing roadbed filler; s2, applying the blended clay improved copper tailings to roadbed construction; and S3, carrying out construction detection on the clay-improved copper tailing roadbed, calculating a mixing uniformity coefficient, and comparing the mixing uniformity coefficient with a uniformity coefficient in a laboratory to evaluate the construction uniformity of the clay-improved copper tailing roadbed. According to the method, after roadbed construction is completed, a working project of measuring the compactness through a field sand filling method is combined, the mixing uniformity coefficient is calculated with the deviation between the composition proportion of roadbed filler sampled through the sand filling method and a proportion design result as a parameter, and the construction quality can be effectively evaluated conveniently.

The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical engineering, and discloses a temperature-resistant anti-swelling agent for fracturing and a preparation process thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that glycerol triglycidyl ether and diethanol amine are subjected to a ring-opening reaction, a polyhydroxy tertiary amine monomer is obtained, then the polyhydroxy tertiary amine monomer and chloromethylated polystyrene are subjected to a quaternization reaction, and the temperature-resistant anti-swelling agent for fracturing is obtained. Quaternary ammonium salt groups of the anti-swelling agent and negative charges on the surface of clay form electrostatic interaction, and hydroxyl groups and the surface of the clay form hydrogen-bond interaction, so that the anti-swelling agent can be firmly adsorbed on the surface of the clay to form a layer of polymer film, the clay is prevented from being in contact with water, the phenomenon that the clay swells when encountering water is effectively inhibited, and the anti-swelling rate is very high. And the anti-swelling agent contains a heat-resistant polystyrene molecular chain, has excellent high temperature resistance, can maintain good structural stability at high temperature, still maintains high anti-swelling rate, and is suitable for a fracturing fluid system for high-temperature oil reservoir exploitation.

The invention discloses a nuclear magnetic T2 spectrum correction method for a shale reservoir, and relates to the field of object detection, and the nuclear magnetic T2 spectrum correction method for the shale reservoir comprises the following steps: 1, determining the gas logging porosity, saturated water porosity and main mineral components of the shale reservoir; compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that a drying-saturated water-centrifugal two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance experiment is carried out, and signals of crystal water, clay bound water and hydroxyl in a sample are preliminarily identified; through inversion of organic matter signals in the dry sample, signals of movable water are further determined; the relation between the difference value among the gas logging porosity, the saturated water porosity and the nuclear magnetic porosity and different mineral contents is discussed, and particularly the remarkable influence of iron-containing minerals on the porosity difference value is discussed; by eliminating the influence of diffusion relaxation caused by the magnetic susceptibility difference, the T2 spectrum correction method based on the mineral magnetic susceptibility is established, and the T2 spectrum accuracy obtained through nuclear magnetic resonance measurement is improved.

The present invention relates to the selection of the size of a mill for the economically viable mechano-chemical activation, in particular of clays, for example in the cement industry.

To provide a deep well filtering structure that effectively prevents the subsidence and collapse of the well wall. [Solution] The deep well filtration structure of this invention includes a surface loess layer 1 and a well channel 7, with a concrete well side 8 poured onto the surface of the surface loess layer, a reinforced concrete permeable pipe and a reinforced concrete solid pipe 10 installed in sequence inside the well channel, a well pipe pallet 6 placed at the bottom end of the well channel, and below the surface loess layer, in sequence, a gravel-mixed loess layer 2, a gravel layer 3, a crushed stone-mixed loess layer 4 and an underground loess layer 5, and a clay ball-filled sealing layer 9 filled between the surface loess layer, the gravel-mixed loess layer and the reinforced concrete solid pipe.

The present invention discloses a GNSS-R soil moisture inversion method for mountainous areas that integrates a terrain moisture index. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining remote sensing data from target mountainous areas other than water bodies and soil moisture data from each observation station; selecting altitude, slope, aspect, longitude and latitude, vegetation index, clay content, and signal-to-noise ratio as influencing factors for soil moisture inversion in mountainous areas; calculating the corrected signal-to-noise ratio and terrain moisture index; constructing a mountainous area soil moisture inversion model, training it, and validating it; inputting a test set into the trained model to obtain daily soil moisture prediction data with a 1km resolution, taking the monthly average, and obtaining monthly soil moisture prediction data. The present invention's integration of the terrain moisture index with CYGNSS data can fully leverage the advantages of terrain factors and remote sensing technology, further improving the accuracy of soil moisture distribution and the ability to predict spatiotemporal changes, and better revealing the dynamic changes in soil moisture in complex terrain areas such as mountainous areas.

The invention relates to the field of hydrogeology, and discloses a mine pit water inflow prediction method suitable for cohesive soil coverage, which comprises the following steps: special drilling: performing monitoring drilling on a mine, and simultaneously respectively adopting cohesive soil undisturbed samples at different positions to obtain cohesive soil data; monitoring data: respectively observing corresponding data of the drill holes by using a monitoring device; a group hole water pumping test is carried out on the mine to obtain a mine underground water flow field form, observation data are collected in real time in the water pumping process, and water pumping test data are obtained; and water release test: carrying out cohesive soil compaction water release test on the cohesive soil undisturbed sample in a high-pressure state by adopting special equipment. The cohesive soil data are obtained through special drilling, the foundation is laid for follow-up analysis, the dynamic state of the cohesive soil is mastered in real time through data monitoring, the basis for studying the characteristics and change rules of the cohesive soil is built by combining the data with the special drilling data, the interaction between underground water and the cohesive soil is studied through a water pumping test, and key support is provided for prediction.

The utility model discloses a wrapped pile drilling and filling all-in-one machine which comprises a foundation mechanism and an executing mechanism, and the executing mechanism is connected to the foundation mechanism in a lifting mode. The basic mechanism comprises a power assembly, a walking assembly, a stand column and a supporting assembly, the stand column is arranged on one side of the walking assembly in a supported mode and supported through the supporting assembly, and the power assembly is arranged on the walking assembly and used for lifting the executing mechanism; the executing mechanism comprises a drilling assembly and a sleeve, the drilling assembly is arranged on the sliding rail of the stand column in a sleeving mode, and the drilling assembly is sleeved with the sleeve in a liftable mode; the power assembly comprises a main winch and an auxiliary winch. The all-in-one machine is suitable for treating mucky soil and soft plastic clayed soil foundations with undrained shear strength smaller than 20 kPa, and is particularly suitable for punching and pouring construction of saturated salinized soil foundation wrapped piles.

The invention relates to the technical field of unconventional shale oil and gas resource exploration, in particular to a shale shear wave velocity estimation method considering clay directional arrangement influence. According to the technical scheme, a shale compaction model is constructed, a shale directional arrangement background medium is formed, an orientation distribution function is used for simulating the elastic tensor of the background medium under different directional arrangement degrees, and the anisotropic speed of the background medium is calculated; calculating a longitudinal wave speed and a transverse wave speed in an equivalent isotropic background medium according to the anisotropic speed, and then calculating a bulk modulus and a shear modulus of the equivalent isotropic background medium; and adding clay-related pores and sand-related pores into an equivalent isotropic rock matrix by using an Xu-White model to obtain a bulk modulus and a shear modulus of dry shale, and finally simulating the shear wave velocity of the shale under the influence of directional arrangement of the clay. According to the invention, a new rock physical model is established to simulate the influence of clay directional arrangement, pore morphology, mineral and fluid properties on longitudinal and transverse wave velocities in shale.

The invention provides a cohesive soil early consolidation pressure detection method and device, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering detection.The cohesive soil early consolidation pressure detection method comprises the steps that a structured database is established based on engineering area historical drilling data and geotechnical test data; extracting data subsets corresponding to the soil texture types from the database, and respectively constructing mucky soil and conventional cohesive soil early consolidation pressure prediction models; acquiring a standard volume soil sample and density and water content data thereof; drilling position coordinates, orifice elevation, sampling depth and soil sample specific gravity parameters are input; selecting a prediction model according to the soil texture type, inputting related data, and outputting an early consolidation pressure value; and comparing the early consolidation pressure value with the current effective self-weight stress, and judging the consolidation state of the soil body. According to the method, the detection period of the early consolidation pressure of the cohesive soil body is shortened, subjective factors in the manual curve drawing process are eliminated, and the data accuracy and the working efficiency are improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil field drilling, and particularly relates to a preparation method of modified sulfonated phenolic resin for drilling fluid, and the modified sulfonated phenolic resin is prepared by chemically bonding a functional monomer simultaneously containing sulfonic acid anions and quaternary ammonium cations in a phenolic resin structure in a free radical polymerization mode. The quaternary ammonium cation group adsorbs negatively-charged clay particles, the adamantyl group can be adsorbed in hydrophobic areas of the clay particles through association, and the sulfonated phenolic resin can be quickly adsorbed on the surface of the clay in a double adsorption mode of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic attraction. Besides, a large number of sulfonic acid anions can form a compact solvation layer after hydration, and a compact coating film can be formed when phenolic resin is quickly adsorbed on the surface of clay, so that the clay is prevented from being in contact with water, the stability of clay particles is realized, a compact mud cake can be formed, and the prepared phenolic resin has good filtrate loss reduction performance.

The present invention relates to the field of sludge treatment technology, and more specifically, to a method for solidifying arsenic in high-arsenic sludge using clay and copper slag. The method involves drying the high-arsenic sludge at 105°C for 12 hours and grinding it to a particle size of less than 0.5 mm to obtain a dry material. The dry material is then mixed evenly with clay powder, copper slag, and coal powder. Water is then added, stirred at room temperature for a pre-reaction of 6 hours, and poured into a crucible to obtain a paste-like mixture A. The dry mixture A is then calcined at 850-900°C for 20-40 minutes under a protective atmosphere. The reaction product, after natural cooling, is then used as a roadbed material, for example. This method utilizes clay and copper slag calcination to treat high-arsenic sludge, resulting in low arsenic and other heavy metal leaching toxicity and excellent stability, while also fully utilizing metallurgical solid waste.

The invention relates to a mud-resistant slump-retaining polycarboxylic acid water reducer and a preparation method thereof. The polycarboxylic acid water reducer is prepared from the following raw materials: 80-100 parts of polyether macromonomer; 1-2 parts of a rigid unsaturated monomer; 1-2 parts of a crosslinking monomer; 2-3 parts of an unsaturated sulfonic acid monomer; 10 to 15 parts of unsaturated acid; 0.5-2 parts of an oxidizing agent; 0.5-2 parts of a reducing agent; and 1-2 parts of a chain transfer agent. According to the invention, ethylene glycol monovinyl ether polyoxyethylene ether is adopted as a polyether monomer, a cross-linking monomer itaconic acid polyethylene glycol ester is introduced to form a cross-linked network-shaped molecular structure, and rigid structures such as (4-vinyl phenyl) trimethoxysilane are introduced, so that friction layer adsorption of clay is avoided, adsorption sites on the surface of the clay are reduced, and the adhesion of the clay is improved; the competitive adsorption effect of clay on the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is weakened, and the mud resistance and the slump loss resistance are greatly improved.

Termite trailing and recruitment compositions, systems, devices, and methods for using a trail of a percentage 2 phenoxyethanol (2-PE) dissolved in water to form a trail to lead the subterranean termites to termite bait or monitoring stations located about a perimeter of a wood containing structure. The termite bait or monitoring stations can be located up to approximately 20 feet apart from one another, and the trail of a percentage 2 phenoxyethanol (2-PE) dissolved in water. The percentage 2 phenoxyethanol (2-PE) dissolved in water range from approximately 0.1% to approximately 2% depending on the different soil types and localized conditions. The types of soil can commonly include sand, sandy & silty soil, loam and clay soil.

Systems and methods for determining a diagenesis level in a reservoir for performing hydrocarbon extraction include receiving a set of open hole (OH) log data from one or more wells in the reservoir, the OH log data representing a subsurface of the reservoir; executing a diagenesis model to process the set of OH log data, the diagenesis model trained by thin-section image data correlated to labeled OH log data, the labeling identifying values for a quartz overgrowth rate (QOR), a clay coating rate (CCR), or a thin-section porosity in the subsurface based on a value in the OH log data; determining a prediction of a porosity of the reservoir, a permeability of the reservoir, or both the porosity and the permeability; and generating a control signal representing a recommendation to drill a well at a location in the reservoir.

The invention discloses a Chinese wolfberry seedling raising method for improving paddy field soil, which comprises the following specific steps: collecting cutting slips: collecting branches with the diameter of more than 0.3 cm, cutting the branches into cutting slips with the length of 12-15 cm, and reserving 2-3 tender shoots on each cutting slip without damage; rooting liquid treatment: preparing a rooting liquid, and soaking the positions 3-5 cm above the bottom ends of the cutting slips in the rooting liquid for 12-24 hours; the rooting liquid is mainly prepared from rice vinegar and brown sugar; temperature-controlled root promoting: controlling the environment temperature to be 15-25 DEG C, and vertically inserting the cutting slips treated by the rooting liquid into the seedling raising container; the seedling raising container is filled with improved paddy field soil in advance; when 1-2 tender shoots newly grow on the cutting slips and 7-8 tender leaves grow on the cutting slips, shoot tips are removed, so that the tender shoots on the cutting slips are converted into semi-lignified from fleshy, apical dominance is inhibited, rooting is promoted, and seedling raising is continued; when new buds grow out again, seedling raising is completed, and the seedlings are transplanted to a field for planting. The lycium barbarum seedling raising method has the advantages of being low in cost, environmentally friendly, high in survival rate, suitable for improved paddy field soil and the like.

The invention provides a retaining wall drainage system and a construction method, and belongs to the technical field of building construction. The lower water interception system comprises a concrete cushion layer for providing stable support, and a high-quality clay layer and a rigid waterproof layer are laid on the concrete cushion layer; the middle drainage system comprises an inverted filter arranged on the back face of the retaining wall body, the inverted filter adopts welded reinforcement cages as an outer frame, the reinforcement cages are connected through spiral bars, sand and pebbles are filled in the reinforcement cages, the inverted filter is fixedly connected with the back face of the retaining wall body through embedded bars, and a set of evenly-distributed drainage holes penetrating through the wall body are formed in the inverted filter. A drainage ditch is arranged at the front bottom of the retaining wall body; the upper water retaining system comprises a concrete coping and a water stop ridge which are arranged at the top of the retaining wall body; the functions of intercepting water, rapidly draining water and intercepting ground water flow can be achieved, the filtering effect is improved, the construction difficulty is reduced, the stability is enhanced, and rapid drainage is achieved.

The invention provides a shale fracture attribute inversion method based on clay matrix dominant azimuth distribution correction, which utilizes an azimuth distribution function to describe the influence of directional arrangement of a clay matrix part on rock anisotropy, and meanwhile, utilizes an improved anisotropic matrix Eshelby-Cheng model to simulate the influence of a horizontal fracture. According to the method, a shale rock physical model considering directional arrangement and horizontal cracks of a clay matrix part at the same time is constructed, shale reservoir crack attributes and anisotropy parameters are estimated in combination with logging information, and in the inversion process, a simulated annealing particle swarm optimization (SA-PSO) is used for improving the solving capacity of a non-linear objective function. According to the method, the influence of anisotropy caused by directional arrangement of the clay matrix on fracture attribute inversion can be reduced, the accuracy of shale reservoir fracture attribute estimation and anisotropy parameter inversion is improved, and development of a shale gas resource exploration and development technology is assisted.

The invention relates to a water and land construction rapid filling method suitable for a cofferdam with cohesive soil at a soil taking point. The water and land construction rapid filling method comprises the following steps of A, underwater throwing filling, B, overwater turning filling and C, land filling of a dam core. Water throwing and land throwing are combined, cofferdam forming is accelerated, inland river conventional equipment is adopted for overwater construction, construction organization is facilitated, adopted dredgers are backhoe dredgers and grab dredgers which are commonly used for earth cutting in inland rivers, and the ships are shallow in draught, convenient to transport in the inland rivers, free of weather influence, capable of working continuously, capable of saving the construction period, capable of reducing soil disturbance and convenient to throw and fill water. The overall stability of the cofferdam can be improved, earthwork balance is achieved, cost is saved, environment friendliness is achieved, and good social and economic benefits are achieved.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering, and specifically provides a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) composition and CMP method for a silicon carbide substrate. The composition includes abrasive alumina particles, an oxidizing agent and clay, wherein in the composition, the abrasive particles have a negative zeta potential at a pH of 7.5 to 9.5, and the clay has a z-average size of 1 nm to 20 μm measured by dynamic light scattering. The CMP composition provided by the present invention can improve the polishing effect on the silicon carbide substrate, and can achieve good recirculation performance and a low number of surface defects while obtaining a high material removal rate and low surface roughness.

The invention discloses a balance weight type ecological road shoulder retaining wall, and relates to the technical field of balance weight type road shoulder retaining walls, the balance weight type ecological road shoulder retaining wall comprises a retaining wall mechanism, the retaining wall mechanism comprises a soil filling layer, a stone wall is piled in the soil filling layer, and a plurality of tie rods are fixedly embedded in the stone wall; the other end of each tie rod is fixedly embedded in the soil filling layer, a first clay anti-seepage layer is laid in the soil filling layer, the left side face of the first clay anti-seepage layer makes contact with the right side face of the stone wall, and the left side face of the stone wall is fixedly connected with a fly side wall. The stored rainwater can be supplied to vegetation at the landscape ecological side slope through capillarity, so that the vegetation can obtain relatively sufficient water, normal growth of the vegetation around the landscape ecological side slope is guaranteed, the balance weight type ecological road shoulder retaining wall can better assist growth of the vegetation in the landscape ecological environment, and the landscape ecological side slope is protected. The landscape ecological environment maintaining effect of the balance weight type road shoulder retaining wall is improved to a certain degree.

The invention provides a coastal area foundation pit dewatering system and method, and belongs to the technical field of foundation pit dewatering, the coastal area foundation pit dewatering system comprises a foundation pit, a plurality of light well points, a deep tube well and an electroosmosis auxiliary module, and the light well points are annularly arranged in a shallow layer area on the periphery of the foundation pit; the deep tube well extends to a deep area from the ground; and a plurality of electro-osmosis auxiliary modules are arranged in the peripheral clay layer area of the foundation pit. The annularly-arranged light well points evenly intercept shallow underground water around the foundation pit, the deep pipe wells can rapidly reduce the deep underground water level, and the drainage problem of a low-permeability clay layer area is effectively solved through the synergistic effect of the arranged electro-osmosis auxiliary modules and the well points / pipe wells; the synchronous precipitation uniformity of the complex soil layer is improved, layered targeted precipitation design is adopted in a shallow area, a deep area and a clay layer area, and the overall precipitation efficiency is improved. According to the foundation pit dewatering system in the coastal area, the problem that in the prior art, in the environment with complex hydrogeological conditions, the dewatering efficiency of a single dewatering measure is low is solved.

The invention provides nano-modified clay compounded hollow micro-powder and a preparation method thereof. The nano-modified clay compounded hollow micro-powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55%-68% of nano-modified clay, 32%-45% of hollow micro-powder, 0.8%-4% of a functional aid and 0.1%-2% of a coupling enhancer, wherein the nano modified clay is obtained by performing dual modification treatment on natural clay, and the dual modification comprises the following steps: performing intercalation modification, adopting a composite modifier of a silane coupling agent and a titanate coupling agent, and stirring and reacting for 3-6 hours at 60-85 DEG C, the total dosage of the modifier is 3-8% of the mass of the clay; on the basis of intercalation modification, an acrylic monomer is introduced for free radical graft polymerization, and the grafting rate is 5-15%. According to the invention, through gradient compounding of the nano modified clay and the core-shell hollow micro-powder and the synergistic effect of intercalation modification and surface grafting modification, the interlayer spacing of the clay is enlarged to 1.85 nm or more, the specific surface area is increased to 120 m < 2 > / kg, and the interface bonding force with a polymer matrix is significantly enhanced.

The invention discloses a mountain area GNSS-R soil humidity inversion method fused with a terrain humidity index. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring remote sensing data of other areas except a water body area in a target mountain area and soil humidity data of each observation station; the altitude, the gradient, the slope direction, the longitude and latitude, the vegetation index, the clay content and the signal-to-noise ratio are selected as influence factors of mountainous area soil humidity inversion; calculating a corrected signal-to-noise ratio and a terrain humidity index; and constructing a mountainous area soil humidity inversion model, training and verifying, inputting the test set into the trained model, obtaining 1km-resolution soil humidity prediction day data, and averaging monthly soil humidity prediction day data to obtain soil humidity prediction monthly data. According to the method, the terrain humidity index and the CYGNSS data are fused, the advantages of terrain factors and the remote sensing technology can be fully utilized, the precision of soil humidity distribution and the prediction capacity of temporal and spatial variation are further improved, and the dynamic change of soil humidity in complex terrain areas such as mountainous areas is better revealed.

The invention belongs to the technical field of road engineering, and particularly relates to a roadbed solid waste modified soil tensile strength estimation method considering freeze-thaw cycle, which comprises the following steps: determining the maximum dry density and optimal water content of solid waste under different W / C conditions through a heavy compaction test; the method comprises the following steps: preparing a sample, and putting the sample into a high-low temperature alternating testing machine for freezing and thawing cycle treatment; then carrying out a tensile test; and finally, comparing and analyzing the tensile strength corresponding to the solid waste under different working conditions, and establishing a tensile strength estimation model comprehensively considering the solid waste clay ratio, the relative compactness, the saturation degree and the freezing and thawing cycle number. By comprehensively considering the influence of factors such as gradation variables, compactness variables, humidity variables and environment variables on the tensile strength, rapid prediction of the tensile strength of the solid waste material under different conditions is realized, the model is clear in physical significance and simple in structure, the test difficulty is reduced, obvious engineering convenience is provided for units without test conditions, and the test efficiency is improved. High market popularization values are realized.

The invention relates to a surface barrier structure for dam termite prevention and an implementation method. A dam comprises a dam body, a protection slope, drainage prisms and infiltration lines. The surface barrier structure comprises an anti-termite layer which is arranged between a protection slope and a dam body and comprises a liquid-doped soil layer and a water-resisting layer from outside to inside; the water conveying system comprises a water conveying main pipe and water conveying branch pipes, the water conveying branch pipes are arranged at different elevations of the liquid-doped soil layer, the upper end of the water conveying main pipe is used for inputting doped liquid, and the lower end of the water conveying main pipe is connected with the water conveying branch pipes at different elevations; by pre-burying the water conveying pipeline, the process of increasing the salt (chemical) content of soil can be extended to the time after the dam body is completed, construction is easy and convenient, the influence on dam body construction is small, the construction period is shortened, the construction quality of the barrier structure is guaranteed, and the construction cost is reduced; the salt (pesticide) content of soil can be monitored in real time in the operation and maintenance period, salt (pesticide) water conveying is carried out according to actual conditions, the protection effect of the barrier structure is ensured, and maintenance is convenient; the water-resisting layer in the anti-termite layer is made of clay, combination of soil layers is facilitated, and stability of the dam slope is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a multi-port resistance measurement and corrosion positioning integrated system for a grounding grid, relates to the technical field of resistance measurement and corrosion positioning, and is used for solving the problems that the soil resistivity greatly fluctuates along with the moisture content due to high moisture content and complex change of a clay field: the conductive ion concentration is increased and the conductive performance is enhanced due to increase of the moisture content in soil; and the resistivity is obviously reduced. Apparent conductivity and noise level are monitored in real time, self-adaptive switching is carried out between regional flow injection and selective flow injection, and high-precision resistance data can still be obtained under extreme working conditions such as alternation of wetting and drying or sudden increase of noise in combination with an automatically-adjusted current amplitude; all branch resistors are jointly solved through a parallel conjugate gradient inversion algorithm, and confidence quantification is performed on a positioning result by using a posterior covariance matrix to output a thermodynamic diagram; and the early warning closed-loop module introduces the current moisture content, the signal-to-noise margin and the flow increasing rate into real-time correction of a threshold and life model, triggers grading alarm and automatically generates a maintenance work order.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to an anti-seepage earth rock cofferdam structure which comprises a horizontally-arranged concrete base plate. The concrete core wall is vertically arranged, and the bottom end of the concrete core wall vertically and downwards penetrates through the concrete base plate and extends into the ground; clay core protection walls, earth-rock mixed layers, isolation layers, concrete reinforcing layers, composite geomembranes and stone protection slopes are sequentially and symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the concrete core wall from inside to outside. The earth rock cofferdam with a good anti-seepage effect is formed by arranging a plurality of components such as the concrete base plate, the concrete core wall, the clay core protection wall, the earth rock mixing layer, the isolation layer, the concrete reinforcing layer, the composite geomembrane and the stone protection slope and designing the specific shape and structure of each component, and the service life of the earth rock cofferdam can be prolonged; good application prospects are realized.

The invention provides a temperature-sensitive plugging agent for a sea area oil gas drilling fluid as well as a preparation method and application of the temperature-sensitive plugging agent. The plugging agent provided by the invention can effectively enhance the plugging capacity of the drilling fluid, especially in a low-temperature deepwater environment, a stable plugging layer can be rapidly formed, and the phenomena of collapse and hole shrinkage of a well wall are obviously reduced. Besides, the plugging agent has good adaptability to common complex geological conditions in deepwater shallow gas drilling, and can effectively control hydration expansion and dispersion behaviors of clay and slow down formation of formation cracks, so that the stability of a well wall in the drilling process is maintained. The temperature-sensitive plugging agent disclosed by the invention is excellent in plugging effect and borehole wall stability, simple and convenient in preparation process and good in environmental protection property.

The present invention relates to the extraction of lithium from liquid resources such as natural and synthetic brines, leachate solutions from clays and minerals, and recycled products.