724 results about "Clay soil" patented technology

The invention discloses a nuclear magnetic T2 spectrum correction method for a shale reservoir, and relates to the field of object detection, and the nuclear magnetic T2 spectrum correction method for the shale reservoir comprises the following steps: 1, determining the gas logging porosity, saturated water porosity and main mineral components of the shale reservoir; compared with the prior art, the method disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effects that a drying-saturated water-centrifugal two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance experiment is carried out, and signals of crystal water, clay bound water and hydroxyl in a sample are preliminarily identified; through inversion of organic matter signals in the dry sample, signals of movable water are further determined; the relation between the difference value among the gas logging porosity, the saturated water porosity and the nuclear magnetic porosity and different mineral contents is discussed, and particularly the remarkable influence of iron-containing minerals on the porosity difference value is discussed; by eliminating the influence of diffusion relaxation caused by the magnetic susceptibility difference, the T2 spectrum correction method based on the mineral magnetic susceptibility is established, and the T2 spectrum accuracy obtained through nuclear magnetic resonance measurement is improved.

To provide a deep well filtering structure that effectively prevents the subsidence and collapse of the well wall. [Solution] The deep well filtration structure of this invention includes a surface loess layer 1 and a well channel 7, with a concrete well side 8 poured onto the surface of the surface loess layer, a reinforced concrete permeable pipe and a reinforced concrete solid pipe 10 installed in sequence inside the well channel, a well pipe pallet 6 placed at the bottom end of the well channel, and below the surface loess layer, in sequence, a gravel-mixed loess layer 2, a gravel layer 3, a crushed stone-mixed loess layer 4 and an underground loess layer 5, and a clay ball-filled sealing layer 9 filled between the surface loess layer, the gravel-mixed loess layer and the reinforced concrete solid pipe.

The present invention discloses a GNSS-R soil moisture inversion method for mountainous areas that integrates a terrain moisture index. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining remote sensing data from target mountainous areas other than water bodies and soil moisture data from each observation station; selecting altitude, slope, aspect, longitude and latitude, vegetation index, clay content, and signal-to-noise ratio as influencing factors for soil moisture inversion in mountainous areas; calculating the corrected signal-to-noise ratio and terrain moisture index; constructing a mountainous area soil moisture inversion model, training it, and validating it; inputting a test set into the trained model to obtain daily soil moisture prediction data with a 1km resolution, taking the monthly average, and obtaining monthly soil moisture prediction data. The present invention's integration of the terrain moisture index with CYGNSS data can fully leverage the advantages of terrain factors and remote sensing technology, further improving the accuracy of soil moisture distribution and the ability to predict spatiotemporal changes, and better revealing the dynamic changes in soil moisture in complex terrain areas such as mountainous areas.

The invention provides a cohesive soil early consolidation pressure detection method and device, and belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering detection.The cohesive soil early consolidation pressure detection method comprises the steps that a structured database is established based on engineering area historical drilling data and geotechnical test data; extracting data subsets corresponding to the soil texture types from the database, and respectively constructing mucky soil and conventional cohesive soil early consolidation pressure prediction models; acquiring a standard volume soil sample and density and water content data thereof; drilling position coordinates, orifice elevation, sampling depth and soil sample specific gravity parameters are input; selecting a prediction model according to the soil texture type, inputting related data, and outputting an early consolidation pressure value; and comparing the early consolidation pressure value with the current effective self-weight stress, and judging the consolidation state of the soil body. According to the method, the detection period of the early consolidation pressure of the cohesive soil body is shortened, subjective factors in the manual curve drawing process are eliminated, and the data accuracy and the working efficiency are improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil field drilling, and particularly relates to a preparation method of modified sulfonated phenolic resin for drilling fluid, and the modified sulfonated phenolic resin is prepared by chemically bonding a functional monomer simultaneously containing sulfonic acid anions and quaternary ammonium cations in a phenolic resin structure in a free radical polymerization mode. The quaternary ammonium cation group adsorbs negatively-charged clay particles, the adamantyl group can be adsorbed in hydrophobic areas of the clay particles through association, and the sulfonated phenolic resin can be quickly adsorbed on the surface of the clay in a double adsorption mode of hydrogen bonds and electrostatic attraction. Besides, a large number of sulfonic acid anions can form a compact solvation layer after hydration, and a compact coating film can be formed when phenolic resin is quickly adsorbed on the surface of clay, so that the clay is prevented from being in contact with water, the stability of clay particles is realized, a compact mud cake can be formed, and the prepared phenolic resin has good filtrate loss reduction performance.

The present invention relates to the field of sludge treatment technology, and more specifically, to a method for solidifying arsenic in high-arsenic sludge using clay and copper slag. The method involves drying the high-arsenic sludge at 105°C for 12 hours and grinding it to a particle size of less than 0.5 mm to obtain a dry material. The dry material is then mixed evenly with clay powder, copper slag, and coal powder. Water is then added, stirred at room temperature for a pre-reaction of 6 hours, and poured into a crucible to obtain a paste-like mixture A. The dry mixture A is then calcined at 850-900°C for 20-40 minutes under a protective atmosphere. The reaction product, after natural cooling, is then used as a roadbed material, for example. This method utilizes clay and copper slag calcination to treat high-arsenic sludge, resulting in low arsenic and other heavy metal leaching toxicity and excellent stability, while also fully utilizing metallurgical solid waste.

Systems and methods for determining a diagenesis level in a reservoir for performing hydrocarbon extraction include receiving a set of open hole (OH) log data from one or more wells in the reservoir, the OH log data representing a subsurface of the reservoir; executing a diagenesis model to process the set of OH log data, the diagenesis model trained by thin-section image data correlated to labeled OH log data, the labeling identifying values for a quartz overgrowth rate (QOR), a clay coating rate (CCR), or a thin-section porosity in the subsurface based on a value in the OH log data; determining a prediction of a porosity of the reservoir, a permeability of the reservoir, or both the porosity and the permeability; and generating a control signal representing a recommendation to drill a well at a location in the reservoir.

The invention discloses a Chinese wolfberry seedling raising method for improving paddy field soil, which comprises the following specific steps: collecting cutting slips: collecting branches with the diameter of more than 0.3 cm, cutting the branches into cutting slips with the length of 12-15 cm, and reserving 2-3 tender shoots on each cutting slip without damage; rooting liquid treatment: preparing a rooting liquid, and soaking the positions 3-5 cm above the bottom ends of the cutting slips in the rooting liquid for 12-24 hours; the rooting liquid is mainly prepared from rice vinegar and brown sugar; temperature-controlled root promoting: controlling the environment temperature to be 15-25 DEG C, and vertically inserting the cutting slips treated by the rooting liquid into the seedling raising container; the seedling raising container is filled with improved paddy field soil in advance; when 1-2 tender shoots newly grow on the cutting slips and 7-8 tender leaves grow on the cutting slips, shoot tips are removed, so that the tender shoots on the cutting slips are converted into semi-lignified from fleshy, apical dominance is inhibited, rooting is promoted, and seedling raising is continued; when new buds grow out again, seedling raising is completed, and the seedlings are transplanted to a field for planting. The lycium barbarum seedling raising method has the advantages of being low in cost, environmentally friendly, high in survival rate, suitable for improved paddy field soil and the like.

The invention provides a retaining wall drainage system and a construction method, and belongs to the technical field of building construction. The lower water interception system comprises a concrete cushion layer for providing stable support, and a high-quality clay layer and a rigid waterproof layer are laid on the concrete cushion layer; the middle drainage system comprises an inverted filter arranged on the back face of the retaining wall body, the inverted filter adopts welded reinforcement cages as an outer frame, the reinforcement cages are connected through spiral bars, sand and pebbles are filled in the reinforcement cages, the inverted filter is fixedly connected with the back face of the retaining wall body through embedded bars, and a set of evenly-distributed drainage holes penetrating through the wall body are formed in the inverted filter. A drainage ditch is arranged at the front bottom of the retaining wall body; the upper water retaining system comprises a concrete coping and a water stop ridge which are arranged at the top of the retaining wall body; the functions of intercepting water, rapidly draining water and intercepting ground water flow can be achieved, the filtering effect is improved, the construction difficulty is reduced, the stability is enhanced, and rapid drainage is achieved.

The invention provides a shale fracture attribute inversion method based on clay matrix dominant azimuth distribution correction, which utilizes an azimuth distribution function to describe the influence of directional arrangement of a clay matrix part on rock anisotropy, and meanwhile, utilizes an improved anisotropic matrix Eshelby-Cheng model to simulate the influence of a horizontal fracture. According to the method, a shale rock physical model considering directional arrangement and horizontal cracks of a clay matrix part at the same time is constructed, shale reservoir crack attributes and anisotropy parameters are estimated in combination with logging information, and in the inversion process, a simulated annealing particle swarm optimization (SA-PSO) is used for improving the solving capacity of a non-linear objective function. According to the method, the influence of anisotropy caused by directional arrangement of the clay matrix on fracture attribute inversion can be reduced, the accuracy of shale reservoir fracture attribute estimation and anisotropy parameter inversion is improved, and development of a shale gas resource exploration and development technology is assisted.

The invention relates to a water and land construction rapid filling method suitable for a cofferdam with cohesive soil at a soil taking point. The water and land construction rapid filling method comprises the following steps of A, underwater throwing filling, B, overwater turning filling and C, land filling of a dam core. Water throwing and land throwing are combined, cofferdam forming is accelerated, inland river conventional equipment is adopted for overwater construction, construction organization is facilitated, adopted dredgers are backhoe dredgers and grab dredgers which are commonly used for earth cutting in inland rivers, and the ships are shallow in draught, convenient to transport in the inland rivers, free of weather influence, capable of working continuously, capable of saving the construction period, capable of reducing soil disturbance and convenient to throw and fill water. The overall stability of the cofferdam can be improved, earthwork balance is achieved, cost is saved, environment friendliness is achieved, and good social and economic benefits are achieved.

The invention discloses a balance weight type ecological road shoulder retaining wall, and relates to the technical field of balance weight type road shoulder retaining walls, the balance weight type ecological road shoulder retaining wall comprises a retaining wall mechanism, the retaining wall mechanism comprises a soil filling layer, a stone wall is piled in the soil filling layer, and a plurality of tie rods are fixedly embedded in the stone wall; the other end of each tie rod is fixedly embedded in the soil filling layer, a first clay anti-seepage layer is laid in the soil filling layer, the left side face of the first clay anti-seepage layer makes contact with the right side face of the stone wall, and the left side face of the stone wall is fixedly connected with a fly side wall. The stored rainwater can be supplied to vegetation at the landscape ecological side slope through capillarity, so that the vegetation can obtain relatively sufficient water, normal growth of the vegetation around the landscape ecological side slope is guaranteed, the balance weight type ecological road shoulder retaining wall can better assist growth of the vegetation in the landscape ecological environment, and the landscape ecological side slope is protected. The landscape ecological environment maintaining effect of the balance weight type road shoulder retaining wall is improved to a certain degree.

The invention provides a coastal area foundation pit dewatering system and method, and belongs to the technical field of foundation pit dewatering, the coastal area foundation pit dewatering system comprises a foundation pit, a plurality of light well points, a deep tube well and an electroosmosis auxiliary module, and the light well points are annularly arranged in a shallow layer area on the periphery of the foundation pit; the deep tube well extends to a deep area from the ground; and a plurality of electro-osmosis auxiliary modules are arranged in the peripheral clay layer area of the foundation pit. The annularly-arranged light well points evenly intercept shallow underground water around the foundation pit, the deep pipe wells can rapidly reduce the deep underground water level, and the drainage problem of a low-permeability clay layer area is effectively solved through the synergistic effect of the arranged electro-osmosis auxiliary modules and the well points / pipe wells; the synchronous precipitation uniformity of the complex soil layer is improved, layered targeted precipitation design is adopted in a shallow area, a deep area and a clay layer area, and the overall precipitation efficiency is improved. According to the foundation pit dewatering system in the coastal area, the problem that in the prior art, in the environment with complex hydrogeological conditions, the dewatering efficiency of a single dewatering measure is low is solved.

The invention provides nano-modified clay compounded hollow micro-powder and a preparation method thereof. The nano-modified clay compounded hollow micro-powder comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 55%-68% of nano-modified clay, 32%-45% of hollow micro-powder, 0.8%-4% of a functional aid and 0.1%-2% of a coupling enhancer, wherein the nano modified clay is obtained by performing dual modification treatment on natural clay, and the dual modification comprises the following steps: performing intercalation modification, adopting a composite modifier of a silane coupling agent and a titanate coupling agent, and stirring and reacting for 3-6 hours at 60-85 DEG C, the total dosage of the modifier is 3-8% of the mass of the clay; on the basis of intercalation modification, an acrylic monomer is introduced for free radical graft polymerization, and the grafting rate is 5-15%. According to the invention, through gradient compounding of the nano modified clay and the core-shell hollow micro-powder and the synergistic effect of intercalation modification and surface grafting modification, the interlayer spacing of the clay is enlarged to 1.85 nm or more, the specific surface area is increased to 120 m < 2 > / kg, and the interface bonding force with a polymer matrix is significantly enhanced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of road engineering, and particularly relates to a roadbed solid waste modified soil tensile strength estimation method considering freeze-thaw cycle, which comprises the following steps: determining the maximum dry density and optimal water content of solid waste under different W / C conditions through a heavy compaction test; the method comprises the following steps: preparing a sample, and putting the sample into a high-low temperature alternating testing machine for freezing and thawing cycle treatment; then carrying out a tensile test; and finally, comparing and analyzing the tensile strength corresponding to the solid waste under different working conditions, and establishing a tensile strength estimation model comprehensively considering the solid waste clay ratio, the relative compactness, the saturation degree and the freezing and thawing cycle number. By comprehensively considering the influence of factors such as gradation variables, compactness variables, humidity variables and environment variables on the tensile strength, rapid prediction of the tensile strength of the solid waste material under different conditions is realized, the model is clear in physical significance and simple in structure, the test difficulty is reduced, obvious engineering convenience is provided for units without test conditions, and the test efficiency is improved. High market popularization values are realized.

The invention discloses a multi-port resistance measurement and corrosion positioning integrated system for a grounding grid, relates to the technical field of resistance measurement and corrosion positioning, and is used for solving the problems that the soil resistivity greatly fluctuates along with the moisture content due to high moisture content and complex change of a clay field: the conductive ion concentration is increased and the conductive performance is enhanced due to increase of the moisture content in soil; and the resistivity is obviously reduced. Apparent conductivity and noise level are monitored in real time, self-adaptive switching is carried out between regional flow injection and selective flow injection, and high-precision resistance data can still be obtained under extreme working conditions such as alternation of wetting and drying or sudden increase of noise in combination with an automatically-adjusted current amplitude; all branch resistors are jointly solved through a parallel conjugate gradient inversion algorithm, and confidence quantification is performed on a positioning result by using a posterior covariance matrix to output a thermodynamic diagram; and the early warning closed-loop module introduces the current moisture content, the signal-to-noise margin and the flow increasing rate into real-time correction of a threshold and life model, triggers grading alarm and automatically generates a maintenance work order.

The invention provides a temperature-sensitive plugging agent for a sea area oil gas drilling fluid as well as a preparation method and application of the temperature-sensitive plugging agent. The plugging agent provided by the invention can effectively enhance the plugging capacity of the drilling fluid, especially in a low-temperature deepwater environment, a stable plugging layer can be rapidly formed, and the phenomena of collapse and hole shrinkage of a well wall are obviously reduced. Besides, the plugging agent has good adaptability to common complex geological conditions in deepwater shallow gas drilling, and can effectively control hydration expansion and dispersion behaviors of clay and slow down formation of formation cracks, so that the stability of a well wall in the drilling process is maintained. The temperature-sensitive plugging agent disclosed by the invention is excellent in plugging effect and borehole wall stability, simple and convenient in preparation process and good in environmental protection property.

The present invention relates to the extraction of lithium from liquid resources such as natural and synthetic brines, leachate solutions from clays and minerals, and recycled products.

The utility model provides a mine ecological restoration filling slope platform drainage device, and relates to the technical field of mine ecological restoration slope drainage. The structure comprises a filling slope, a soil drainage ditch, a clay layer, a drainage pipe, a geomembrane and a soil water retaining stem, a soil drainage ditch is arranged on the inner side of the slope platform; clay layers are arranged on the surfaces of the soil drainage ditches, and drainage pipes are arranged on the surfaces of the clay layers; a geomembrane is arranged on the surface of the drainage pipe, the two sides of the geomembrane extend to the platform and the slope toe, and a soil water retaining stem is arranged on the surface of the part, extending to the platform, of the geomembrane. The structure is convenient and rapid to construct, simple in structure and capable of adapting to uneven settlement deformation of the mine filling slope, water on the surface of the filling slope can be collected into the slope toe drainage ditch to be discharged in time, instability caused by surface water scouring and infiltration of the slope is prevented, vegetation damage caused by surface water is reduced, and the mine ecological restoration effect is guaranteed.

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation, discloses a low-density high-strength ceramsite proppant as well as a preparation process and application thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem that the density and the strength of an existing ceramsite proppant are mutually restricted. The proppant has a core-shell structure with an inner core and an outer shell. The inner core is formed by sintering a first material containing bauxite, clay, a composite pore-forming agent and a carbon-silicon precursor and is used for forming a loose and porous low-density structure, and silicon carbide whiskers are generated in situ in the loose and porous low-density structure for reinforcement. The shell is formed by sintering a second material containing bauxite, clay and zircon sand and is used for forming a compact and high-strength protective layer and generating zirconium oxide particles in situ in the protective layer for toughening. The preparation process comprises the following steps: preparing core-shell structure green pellets by a two-step method, and adopting a double-atmosphere program temperature control sintering process of medium-temperature reduction and high-temperature oxidation. According to the invention, through the combination of the structure zoning and the zoning in-situ enhancement technology, the prepared proppant has ultralow density and excellent crushing resistance.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising a plurality of clay nanoparticles, each clay nanoparticle comprising an anionic component and a cationic component, the anionic component having the formula (I): [(Si8Mg b Li c )O 20 (OH)4](I), where 5.5 < b ≦ 6, and where c > 0 and b / c > 12.

Disclosed is use of a compound of formula (I) to determine the quantity of clay in a sand and / or to determine the amount of CMA compound to be added to a hydraulic binder composition using a sand:R1—(OA)n—XR2  (I)where: R1 is a linear or branched C1 to C4 alkyl groups, or a coloured compound; R2 is a coloured compound; A, each the same or different, are independently a —CH2—CH2— group or —CH(CH3)—CH2— group; n is an integer of between 1 and 500, preferably between 4 and 250; and X is O or NH.

Systems and methods for clay composite based construction are disclosed. The system includes control towers spaced apart and surrounding a build area. The system includes a carriage having build tools suspended over the build area by cables attached to, and supported by, the control towers. The build tools include a claw for picking-up clay composite materials from the build area, transporting the clay composite materials, and placing clay composite materials onto the build area, and a hammer for sculpting the clay composite materials placed onto the build area. The system includes a processing module connected to the control towers, the processing module controlling the operation of the carriage to form clay composited based structures.

The utility model discloses a subsidence area foundation pit composite cofferdam leakage water plugging structure. The subsidence area foundation pit composite cofferdam leakage water plugging structure comprises a steel sheet pile, an inner composite filling body and an outer composite filling body. The steel sheet piles are downwards driven into the sludge silty clay layer and transversely extend in the length direction of the composite cofferdam so that the subsidence area can be divided into an inner leaking stoppage treatment area and an outer leaking stoppage treatment area, and the two transverse sides of the steel sheet piles are further in sealed connection with the existing cement mixing piles correspondingly. And the inner composite filling body is filled in the inner closed filling area, so that the composite cofferdam, the inner composite filling body and the steel sheet piles are connected to form an integrated transverse water leakage plugging structure. The outer leaking stoppage processing area is filled with the outer composite filling body, so that the outer composite filling body and the transverse water leakage leaking stoppage structure are connected to form a whole leaking stoppage structure of an integrated structure. By means of the structure, the technical problems that in a humid environment, the electric shock risk of welding operation is high, the water leakage plugging effect is poor, the cement double-grout grouting cost is high, and the clay bearing capacity is low and the lateral supporting force is small in the liquefied state can be effectively solved.

This utility model provides a structure for converting a clay core dam into an overflow dam, including a spillway excavated along the top of the clay core dam to the bottom of the downstream side. A spillway bottom slab is poured below the spillway, and side walls are poured on both sides of the spillway bottom slab. The height of the side walls is not lower than that of the clay core dam on both sides. An overflow weir is poured on the spillway bottom slab, and the overflow weir is located in the direction of the top of the clay core dam. The two sides of the overflow weir are connected to the side walls, and the height of the overflow weir is lower than that of the clay core dam on both sides. An anti-seepage wall is embedded in the clay core dam below the overflow weir. The overflow dam is converted on the clay core dam to ensure that the converted clay core dam has a certain discharge capacity, thereby enhancing the flood control capacity of the reservoir.

A product and method of producing a product that may comprise diatomaceous earth, clay and dispersant. The clay may comprise (a) attapulgite or (b) sepiolite or (c) attapulgite and sepiolite. A portion of the clay and a portion of the diatomaceous earth is agglomerated to form a plurality of composite particles, wherein the composite particle is at least partially surface treated with the dispersant. The product may have a particle size distribution having a d50 of 5-40 microns and a d10 of 1-15 microns. The product may have a median pore diameter of 2-10 microns, a pore volume of 1-4 mL / g and a bulk density of 50-300 kg / m3.

The application discloses a quaternary solid waste-based soil stabilizer (GSCP) for a base layer, which is composed of slag (GGBFS), steel slag (SSA), calcium carbide slag (CS) and phosphogypsum (PG) and has a weight ratio of GGBFS:SSA:CS:PG=56:24:12:8. The stabilizer forms C-S-H colloid and ettringite (AFt) through alkaline activation and sulfate activation, does not need to add cement or chemical activator, is used for stabilizing silty clay and steel slag mixed soil, and significantly improves the unconfined compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, water stability and freeze-thaw resistance. Compared with a traditional cement-based stabilizer, the application reduces carbon emission by 82% and cost by 31.25%, provides a low-carbon and economical solution for road engineering, and is suitable for the base layer and the subbase layer of a secondary road or above.

The present invention relates to a method for obtaining amorphous iron in the form of volumetric samples of varying porosity by sintering compacted mixtures of Fe₂O₃ and RLA in airtight steel capsules placed in a furnace at a pressure of 10⁻¹ × 10⁻² mm Hg. The sintering process and subsequent slow cooling of the samples were carried out according to standard powder sintering techniques used in powder metallurgy. The reduction of Fe₂O₃ to Fe is achieved by the decomposition products of the RLA biocomponent to C and CO. The stabilization of the amorphous state of the iron is achieved through the presence of impurities in the form of clay and sand (approximately 10⁻²⁰ wt%) in the RLA. The products of the complete reduction of the clay and sand lead to the formation of Si-Al-C coatings on the surface of the resulting Fe particles.Residual accumulations of SiO2, Al2O3, and C between the iron particles also prevent complete melting / expansion of the iron particles and their transition to the crystalline state. Optimal conditions for amorphous iron formation were found to occur at a mixing ratio of (40-60) wt% Fe2O3 to (60-40) wt% RLA, a processing temperature of 1000 °C, and a processing time of 1-5 hours.