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121 results about "Hydraulic conductivity" patented technology
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Hydraulic conductivity, symbolically represented as K, is a property of vascular plants, soils and rocks, that describes the ease with which a fluid (usually water) can move through pore spaces or fractures. It depends on the intrinsic permeability of the material, the degree of saturation, and on the density and viscosity of the fluid. Saturated hydraulic conductivity, Kₛₐₜ, describes water movement through saturated media.
Grout compositions having high thermal conductivities and methods of using the same
Grout slurries are provided that have high thermal conductivities of greater than about 1.4 Btu / hr-ft-° F. and low hydraulic conductivities ranging from about 5×10-9 cm / s to about 1×10-8 cm / s. Such grout slurries comprise water and a grout composition that is available as a one-sack product. The grout composition includes calcium bentonite present in an amount of from about 15% to about 45%, sodium bentonite present in an amount of from about 15% to about 45%, silica flour present in an amount of from about 10% to about 35%, and flaked graphite present in an amount of from about 10% to about 75%, all by weight of the grout composition. Further, methods of installing a conduit such as a heat transfer loop in a hole in the earth include placing the conduit in the hole, forming the foregoing grout slurry, and placing the grout slurry in the hole adjacent to the conduit.
Owner:HALLIBURTON ENERGY SERVICES INC
Apparatus and method for enhanced hemodialysis performance
InactiveUS20070119781A1Easily areaIncrease packing densitySemi-permeable membranesMembranesPore distributionHaemodialysis machine
A dialyzer module utilizing a nano-porous ceramic membrane for enhanced hemodialysis performance, and a method for manufacturing the same, are provided. The dialyzer module may be utilized in an extracorporeal blood circuit together with pumps, monitors, and / or other components used for dialysis therapy. The one or more nano-porous ceramic tubes that serve as the hemodialysis membrane may comprise aluminum oxide (alumina) or titanium oxide (titania) tubes manufactured by the anodization of aluminum (Al) or titanium (Ti) tubes in an appropriate acid solution. The nano-porous ceramic tubes may be produced with a nano-porous wall structure having an average pore diameter of approximately five to ten nanometers (run). The nano-porous ceramic tubes exhibit a uniform pore size, uniform pore distribution, high porosity, and high hydraulic conductivity, enabling the removal of more middle and large molecular weight solutes to achieve a performance more comparable to that of an actual kidney while, at the same time, reducing the undesirable loss of important macromolecules such as albumin.
Owner:HUANG ZHONGPING +1
Measurement of hydraulic conductivity using a radioactive or activatable tracer
InactiveUS20090230295A1Accurately determineSurveyConstructionsUltimate tensile strengthRadioactive decay
A method of determining the distance, from a reference point, of a tracer emitting radiation comprising a first component emitted at a first known energy level and a second component emitted at a second known energy level, the intensity of a penetrating portion of the first component that penetrates a substance between the tracer and the reference point and the intensity of a penetrating portion of the second component of the radiation that penetrates the substance being a function of the rate of gamma radiation emission of the tracer as well as of the distance of the tracer from the reference point, the method comprising: a) measuring the intensity of the first penetrating portion and the intensity of the second penetrating portion; b) determining the ratio of the intensity of the first penetrating portion to the intensity of the second penetrating portion; and c) determining the distance of the tracer from the reference point.
Owner:AUSTRALIAN NUCLEAR SCI & TECH ORGANISAT
Method for determining the process of root system of plant absorbing soil moisture
InactiveCN101162221AEvaluate and improve water absorption modelsWeighing by removing componentPlant rootsSoil moisture content
The invention discloses a method for determining the process of plant roots absorbing soil moisture content. The method adopts a detachable earth column with plants inside; a soil humidity sounding pipe is arranged in the middle of the earth column, and the earth column is arranged in field earth pit; the vertical distribution of plant roots density can be acquired through stratified earth collection, roots washing and roots screening by regularly detaching the earth column; the actual plant transpiration is acquired through timed weighing, and the earth column is weighed at least one time a day. According to related theory principle and experimental data determined actually and accurately, and by combining susceptibility factors such as transpiration rate, roots density distribution, soil water potential, soil water content, unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity and according to mass conservation, the roots water adsorption function of transpiration on the soil profile of the root zone distributed according to a certain weight factor is determined, profile distribution of roots water adsorption rate is figured out by adopting roots water adsorption rate reverse method and numerical value iteration to determine the parameter of empirical function, thereby achieving the determination of the process of roots absorbing water.
Owner:NORTHWEST A & F UNIV
Soil saturation hydraulic conductivity measuring and calculating method based on infiltration time characteristic parameters
InactiveCN101762445AReduce investmentWell formedPermeability/surface area analysisSoil scienceWater level
The invention provides a soil saturation hydraulic conductivity measuring and calculating method based on infiltration time characteristic parameters. In the method, the quantitative relation of the characteristic parameters (skewness, kurtosis and variation coefficients) of soil saturation hydraulic conductivity and infiltration time data is built on the basis of analyzing Philip-Dunne infiltration data under three soil texture conditions of clay, loam, sand and the like, and the water content change of soil before and after infiltration does not need any consideration when the method is utilized to measure and calculate the soil saturation hydraulic conductivity, and only the accumulative infiltration time which corresponds to different water levels in a Philip-Dunne infiltration meter needs to be observed, therefore simplifying the calculating process of the saturation hydraulic conductivity and increasing the measuring efficiency.
Owner:LUDONG UNIVERSITY
An In-Situ Measurement System for Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity and Air Conductivity
InactiveCN102288528AReduce the level of disturbanceHigh measurement accuracyPermeability/surface area analysisWater sourceEngineering
The invention discloses an in-situ measurement system for soil saturated hydraulic conductivity and air conductivity, which includes an air supply source (1) and a water supply source (9), and is characterized in that the measuring cylinder (7) is equipped with a water inlet (8), the water inlet (8) is tightly connected to the water supply source (9) through the first connecting hose (10); the top of the measuring cylinder (7) is airtightly connected to the rubber plug (6), and the rubber plug (6) Connect the tee (4), a branch pipe of the tee (4) is sealed to the gas supply source (1) through the second connecting hose (12), the gas supply source (1) is connected to the gas flow regulating valve (2) and the gas The flowmeters (3) are connected in series; the other branch of the tee (4) is connected to the air pressure measuring meter (5) through the third connecting hose (13); this system can realize in-situ soil air conductivity and soil saturation The continuous observation of hydraulic conductivity reduces the disturbance to the measured soil, makes the measurement results more accurately reflect the actual situation, and ensures that the soil air conductivity and soil saturated hydraulic conductivity are consistent with the measured soil, laying the foundation for establishing a correct quantitative relationship between the two. foundation.
Owner:张振华
Roof paneling system
InactiveUS20100139194A1Reduces hydraulic conductivityImprove water retentionRoof covering using slabs/sheetsRoof covering using tiles/slatesPorosityPanelling
A roof paneling system includes a roof panel comprising an open-cell inorganic foam. The foam can decrease hydraulic conductivity of the roof paneling system, filter rainwater falling on the roof, and reflect excess heat. The open-cell inorganic foam preferably comprises a ceramic or glass, and has a porosity of at least about 20%, a mean pore size less than about 10 mm, and a thickness of at least about 10 mm. The foam can include a hydrophilic compound that further decreases the hydraulic conductivity of the foam. Optionally, the foam can have a reflectivity of at least about 20%.
Owner:BURNS ROBERT S
Tester for saturated hydraulic conductivity in soil
InactiveCN101769850AEasy to useEasy to installPermeability/surface area analysisHydraulic conductivityRubber ring
Owner:张建军
Method for (in-situ) determining steam scatter amount of crops
InactiveCN101413935ANo structural damagePrecise moistureEarth material testingProspecting/detection of underground waterSoil scienceWater balance
The invention discloses a method used for determining the evapotranspiration of crops on site, belonging to the field of agricultural science and technology. The method comprises the steps as follows: data on soil water potential and soil volumetric moisture content of more than 5 layers of soil layers with different depths is measured on site in real time; wherein, at least one layer is below the root layer of the crops; a plurality of data pairs on unsaturated hydraulic conductivity-volume water content of all soil layers above the zero flux plane below the root layer are obtained when the zero flux plane exists below the root layer of the crops, thus obtaining the mathematical relationship of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity-volume water content of all soil layers, therefore, the water flux of all soil layers below the root layer can be obtained, thus determining the evapotranspiration by a water balance method. The method of the invention can be used for determining the evapotranspiration of the crops on site, destroys no soils, is convenient and precise, and can work out the evapotranspiration of the crops at the time interval without observing the zero flux.
Owner:INST OF AGRI RESOURCES & REGIONAL PLANNING CHINESE ACADEMY OF AGRI SCI
Method and special device for measuring soil hydrodynamic parameters in situ in field
The invention discloses a method and a special device for measuring soil hydrodynamic parameters in situ in the field. The method is characterized in that a measuring system comprises a water supply pipe 1 and an infiltration chamber 2 which are connected with each other; and the radius of the infiltration chamber is larger than that of the water supply pipe; therefore, the observing accuracy of the infiltration process is improved; and according to the invention, the saturated hydraulic conductivity and wetting front suction force of the coil are figured out according to a continuous falling head vertical infiltrating principle; the measuring process of the soil hydrodynamic parameters is simplified; the measuring time and the cost are saved; the method and the special device can be achieved in technology; and moreover, the equipment price is greatly reduced and the method and the special device are easy to promote and apply.
Owner:LUDONG UNIVERSITY
Method for calculating critical burying depth of rainfall infiltration recharged groundwater
InactiveCN105022913AThe mechanism of action is clearSpecial data processing applicationsWetting frontMoisture
The invention relates to a method for calculating critical burying depth of rainfall infiltration recharged groundwater. The method comprises the steps of: calculating saturated infiltration depth; calculating non-saturated infiltration depth based on the saturated infiltration depth; calculating the wetting front moving speed in a layer through hydraulic conductivity; judging whether the moving speed is greater than zero; calculating the moisture content of soil; calculating non-saturated infiltration depth; and calculating infiltration depth. According to the method, an action mechanism of the rainfall infiltration recharged groundwater is analyzed, a physical process of the rainfall infiltration recharged groundwater is explained, and the critical burying depth of the rainfall infiltration recharged groundwater is defined; a saturated and non-saturated infiltration theory is adopted, the wetting front moving distance is taken as a calculation target, and a rainfall infiltration depth calculation model is constructed for determining the critical burying depth of the groundwater. The method is clear and definite in physical process and action mechanism, has universality for damage on a reproducible mechanism caused by groundwater overdraft, and provides reliable theoretical and technical support for guiding groundwater resources to be reasonably developed and utilized and protecting groundwater aquifers.
Owner:CHINA INST OF WATER RESOURCES & HYDROPOWER RES
Soil moisture characteristic parameter calculating method based on a staging tabu searching algorithm
InactiveCN102692491AImprove water utilizationEfficient determinationEarth material testingMathematical modelTabu search
The invention provides a soil moisture characteristic parameter calculating method based on a staging tabu searching algorithm. The soil moisture characteristic parameter calculating method comprises the steps of: S1, acquiring soil saturated hydraulic conductivity and saturated moisture content; S2, calculating unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of soil and soil moisture diffusion rate; S3, establishing a one-dimensional soil moisture movement mathematical model; S4, obtaining the theoretical value calculation formula theta (a, b and m) of soil moisture content; S5, determining practical measured value theta of the soil moisture content; S6, optimizing according to theta (a, b and m) in the S4 and S5 and improved staging tabu algorithm, so as to determine the optimal value of a, b and m; and S7, bringing the optimal value in the S6 in the S3 to calculate the soil moisture characteristic parameter. With the method disclosed by the invention, the one-dimensional soil moisture movement rule can be determined under negative pressure sub-irrigation condition, thus instructing and further improving a negative pressure sub-irrigation system, improving the soil moisture utilization rate and further improving the soil moisture rate.
Owner:CHINA AGRI UNIV
Good quality and high yield normalized cultivation technique for Bo-Chrysanthemum
The invention discloses a good quality and high yield normalized cultivation technique for Bo-Chrysanthemum. The good quality and high yield normalized cultivation technique for the Bo-Chrysanthemum includes steps of land selection and preparation, seedling breeding, timely transplantation, field management, harvest and the like. According to the cultivation technique, a self-made soak solution is used for soaking seeds, sterilization and bacteriostatic functions can be effectively achieved, a good environment can be provided for rapid growth of seedlings, the survival rate of the seedlings is increased, and the environmental protection can be achieved without pollution. Soil conditioners are applied during soil preparation and fertilization, the soil aggregate structure can be remarkably improved, the soil porosity is increased, the soil bulk density is reduced, the water infiltration rate is increased, the saturated hydraulic conductivity is improved, water can be stored, evaporation is reduced, meanwhile, the sustained-release sterilization effect on soil can be achieved, growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms such as soil nematodes can be inhibited, and occurrence of soil source plant diseases and insect pests is reduced. By means of the good quality and high yield normalized cultivation technique for the Bo-Chrysanthemum, geo-authentic crude drugs such as the Bo-Chrysanthemum can reach the level of good qualities, the yield is increased by above 30%, economic benefits can be improved by over 50%, an important technical support can be provided for good quality and high yield normalization and industrialization of the Bo-Chrysanthemum, and the cultivation technique is worth massively popularizing and wide in application prospect.
Owner:芍花堂国药股份有限公司 +1
Horizontal In-Well Treatment System and Source Area Bypass System and Method For Groundwater Remediation
ActiveUS20120261125A1Improve performanceReduce in quantityContaminated soil reclamationFluid removalHigh concentrationGroundwater remediation
The application relates to a sustainable and green remedial approach for in situ remediation. The system and method use directionally drilled horizontal wells filled with granular reactive media generally installed in the direction of groundwater flow for groundwater remediation. “Flow-focusing” behavior is leveraged to capture and passively treat proportionally large volumes of groundwater in situ. The system and method perform well in low hydraulic conductivity environments where the success of other in situ remediation methods is controlled by aquifer injectability. Reactive media are selected according to the contaminants to be treated and site characteristics. Energy conservation and other considerations result in considerable cost savings compared to current in situ remediation systems. Also disclosed is a source area bypass system comprising one or more horizontal wells, constructed in a manner to allow unimpacted or cleaner groundwater to bypass a nonaqueous phase liquid zone or high-concentration source area of contamination and discharge downgradient. Reactive media may or may not be used in a source area bypass system. In some configurations, groundwater pumps may be installed to enhance performance. Core elements of green remediation according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency are achieved.
Owner:ARCADIS U S
In situ measuring system and measuring method for conductivity of soil moisture
InactiveCN102692359ALess disturbingImprove correspondenceMaterial analysisSoil scienceEnvironmental engineering
Owner:张振华
Calculating method of distribution of volumetric water content around liquid injection hole for in situ leaching of ion type rare earth
The invention relates to a calculating method of distribution of the volumetric water content around a liquid injection hole for in situ leaching of ion type rare earth, and is applicable to parameter design of a liquid injection hole net for in situ leaching. The calculating method comprises 7 steps: testing a soil-water characteristic curve of an ore body; calculating the specific water capacity of the ore body; calculating an equivalent saturated hydraulic conductivity of the ore body; calculating a hydraulic conductivity of the ore body; calculating the diffusion rate of the ore body; calculating the water content distribution in the perpendicular direction of the center of the bottom of the liquid injection hole; and calculating the distribution of the volumetric water content around the liquid injection hole. According to the calculating method disclosed by the invention, on the basis of testing soil parameters, a built model is used for calculating the distribution of the water content around the liquid injection hole, so as to supply a basis to the parameter design of the liquid injection hole net for the in situ leaching.
Owner:JIANGXI UNIV OF SCI & TECH
Flexible artificial skin and preparing method thereof
Owner:ZHEJIANG PROVINCIAL PEOPLES HOSPITAL
Device for rapidly and accurately determining hydraulic conductivity of plants
ActiveCN102735589AEasy to operateClosely connectedDirect flow property measurementEngineeringE technology
The invention discloses a device for rapidly and accurately determining hydraulic conductivity of plants. The device comprises: a water container; a pipeline bubble removal mechanism, an inlet end of which communicates with the water container; a micro flowmeter, an inlet end of which communicates with an outlet end of the pipeline bubble removal mechanism; and a sample placement mechanism, an inlet end of which communicates with an outlet of the micro flowmeter and which is used for the placement of a plant sample to be measured. The device for determining hydraulic conductivity of plants has a simple structure, is convenient to make and has good sealing performance. Simultaneously, as a contemporary Tech-product (the micro flowmeter) is introduced in the invention, the device is characterized by simple operation, high-efficiency and accurate determination and the like during the process of determining the plant sample.
Owner:LANZHOU UNIVERSITY
Method for detecting basin evaporation amount
Owner:TSINGHUA UNIV
Measuring method and device for hydraulic conductivity and inherent hydraulic conductivity of plant leaves based on physiological resistance
InactiveCN108572194ASo as not to damageReduce edge effectsTesting plants/treesMaterial resistanceElectrical resistance and conductanceEngineering
The invention discloses a measuring method and device for hydraulic conductivity and inherent hydraulic conductivity of plant leaves based on physiological resistance. The measuring device comprises asupport, foam plates, plate electrodes, wires, iron blocks and a plastic bar, wherein the foam plates embedded with the plate electrodes separately adhere to the bottom end of the support and the plastic bar; the plastic bar is added with the iron blocks in different weights to change the pressure of the device so as to adjust clamping force; when the device is used, the plate electrodes are connected with an LCR testing instrument through the wires; the two plate electrodes clamp a plant leaf to be measured; different clamping forces are set to measure the physiological resistance of the plant leaf; a coupling model of the physiological resistance of the plant leaf under different clamping forces is established on the basis of a Nernst equation, and a model equation is derived to obtainhydraulic conductivity and inherent hydraulic conductivity of the plant leaf based on the physiological resistance; and then the economy of water for plants is judged. The hydraulic conductivity and inherent hydraulic conductivity of plant leaves can be detected conveniently, rapidly and quantitatively, economy of water conduction of plants is judged quantitatively, and a measuring result has comparability.
Owner:JIANGSU UNIV
Solid hydrolysis hydrogen production material
ActiveCN106495096AImprove uniformityIncrease hydrogen productionHydrogen productionMetal hydridesMass ratioHydrolysis
The invention discloses a solid hydrolysis hydrogen production material which is characterized by comprising a solid NaBH4, a transition metal salt catalyst and a water absorption material, wherein the water absorption material is a porous material with water absorption rate of over 100% and hydraulic conductivity of over 1mm / s, and the mass ratio of the water absorption material to NaBH4 is (0.001-1.000) to 1. When the solid hydrolysis hydrogen production material disclosed by the invention is added with water, the added water is quickly and uniformly distributed into the whole system under the effect of the water absorption material, and all parts of the hydrogen production material mixture uniformly experience a hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction of NaBH4, thus the reaction uniformity is effectively improved; relatively complete reaction can be realized with a relatively small amount of water, and the overall hydrogen yield is effectively increased. The effect of the material disclosed by the invention is especially obvious in the case of relatively much solid powder.
Owner:苏州清德氢能源科技有限公司
Method for improving physical properties of urban soil
InactiveCN103959953AImprove permeabilitySimple structureSoil-working methodsEcological environmentDecomposition
The invention relates to a method for improving physical properties of urban soil. The method comprises the following steps of weighing 85 to 90 percent of planting natural soil with degraded physical properties, 8 to 10 percent of green plant waste decomposed products and 2 to 5 percent of organic fertilizers, weighing 0.5 to 2 kilograms of flue gas desulphurization gypsum to every cubic meter of the natural soil, the green plant waste decomposed products and the organic fertilizers, fully mixing the natural soil, the green plant waste decomposed products, the organic fertilizers and the flue gas desulphurization gypsum, wherein the green plant waste decomposed products are obtained by composting and fully decomposing the green plant waste for 30 to 60 days; the organic fertilizers are products obtained by 30- to 60-day fertilization and decomposition. According to the method, the raw materials are readily available, the waste is turned into wealth, and the physiochemical properties, particularly the physical structure, of the urban soil are effectively improved, so that the saturated hydraulic conductivity and effective water content of the soil are increased, positive effects on the promotion of urban energy conservation and emission reduction and the improvement of the eco-environmental quality of the soil are achieved, and the method has good social, economic and environmental benefits.
Owner:SHANGHAI ACADEMY OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE SCI & PLANNING
Method for measuring unsaturated soil hydrodynamic parameters by using pressure plate/pressure film effluent process
ActiveCN107328685ARealize simultaneous measurementConsistency cannot be guaranteedWeighing by removing componentLiquid dispersion analysisSoil scienceAir compressor
The invention provides a method for measuring unsaturated soil hydrodynamic parameters by using a pressure plate / pressure film effluent process. The method comprises the following steps of measuring a water characteristic curve, diffusivity and hydraulic conductivity of unsaturated soil, and specifically comprises the following steps of preparing a soil sample: a disturbance soil sample or a non-disturbance soil sample; connecting a measuring device, by adjusting an air compressor for compression, controlling the pressure level, and then adjusting the pressure to be sent to an extractor; when adjusting the pressure, recording time, recording the total displacement after realizing stability and obtaining the water characteristic curve; further, through a 'multi-step method' and a 'one-step method', measuring the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and diffusivity of the soil under continuous pressure change and selective pressure conditions, so that synchronous measurement of all the unsaturated soil hydrodynamic parameters is realized. The method provided by the invention can more accurately predict the movement of unsaturated soil moisture and provide the support for realizing accurate measurement of agricultural production and ecology.
Owner:WUHAN UNIV
Method for measuring soil moisture characteristic curve and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity
InactiveCN108918333AEasy to operateReduce the difficulty of solvingWeighing by removing componentEarth material testingHydraulic conductivityWorking range
The invention discloses a method for measuring a soil moisture characteristic curve and an unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. Relevant data, such as a soil profile matrix potential, in a soil evaporation process is used, and with the help of a repeated iteration correction technology, the soil moisture characteristic and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity are simultaneously obtained. The method comprises the following steps: loading and taking undisturbed soil, sealing the bottom after adequately saturating a soil column, and ensuring that water leakage and water penetration phenomena donot happen; according to a condition of soil column moisture consumption and a change situation of reading of a tensometer, observing for 1-2 times every day, wherein content comprises a soil column weight and the reading of each tensometer; while a matrix potential value of a soil column measure point exceeds a working range of the tensometer, ending a test; sampling the soil in a laid point of each tensometer and measuring soil moisture content by using a weighing method, and measuring a soil column dry soil weight for calculating the soil column water content and time interval evaporation capacity. The method is simple in operation, and clear, and capable of more accurately forecasting unsaturated soil moisture movement, realizing agricultural production and providing support for ecological accurate measurement.
Owner:WUHAN UNIV
Constant-head batch measurement device of soil saturated water conductivity
PendingCN108279201AHighly stableStable water supplyPermeability/surface area analysisRubber ringSingle sample
The invention discloses a constant-head batch measurement device of soil saturated water conductivity by following a measurement method of LY / T 1218-1999.Measurement of Forest Soil Permeability. The measurement device mainly comprises a water supply cabinet used for controlling water pressure according to the principle of the Markov bottle, head retaining cylinders (annular cutters), sample annular cutters, a funnel bracket, beakers and electronic scales, wherein a parallel opening is formed in the water supply cabinet; the water supply cabinet is used for supplying a stable water source by adjusting the height of a water supply cabinet pressure adjustment / air inlet pipe; a hard pipe with a valve is connected with the water supply cabinet; valves are arranged on branched pipes of the hardpipe; one end of a hose pipe is connected with the valve of each branch pipe; the other end of each hose pipe falls into each head retaining cylinder; the head retaining cylinders are arranged above the sample annular cutters; connection parts between the head retaining cylinders and the sample annular cutters are fixed by elastic sealing rubber rings; an upper plate, a lower plate, funnels and amesh plate are arranged on the water collection funnel bracket; the beakers and the electronic scales are arranged under the funnels. The device is capable of measuring single sample or simultaneouslymeasuring multiple samples according to the number of the samples, and is low and controllable in cost, convenient and simple to use and convenient in popularization and application.
Owner:LIAOCHENG UNIV
Method for calculating suction of infiltration wetting front of soil and spurt volume of rainfall
InactiveCN105547957AAccurately determinePermeability/surface area analysisSuction stressSoil porosity
The invention provides a method for calculating the suction of infiltration wetting front of soil and the spurt volume of rainfall. The method comprises the following steps: measuring and recording changes of the volume of water supply with infiltration time by using a double-loop infiltration experiment and calculating an infiltration amount accumulated in real time; fitting necessary parameters according to the infiltration time and the infiltration amount accumulated in real time; calculating the suction of the infiltration wetting front based on the fitted parameters and fixed infiltration water head height; calculating saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil based on the fitted parameters, initial water content of soil and soil porosity; and calculating the spurt volume of rainfall on the basis of the suction of the infiltration wetting front, the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil, rainfall intensity, initial water content of soil and soil porosity.
Owner:INST OF GEOGRAPHICAL SCI & NATURAL RESOURCE RES CAS
A soil saturated hydraulic conductivity automatic measuring apparatus
ActiveCN106033046AHigh precisionSimple structurePermeability/surface area analysisGraduated cylinderEngineering
A soil saturated hydraulic conductivity automatic measuring apparatus is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a water supplying device, an infiltration device, an infiltrated water receiving and measuring device and a pedestal. The water supplying device is mounted on the pedestal and is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. The infiltration device comprises an upper cutting ring, a lower cutting ring, a perforated plate and a funnel. The upper cutting ring is connected to the water supplying device. The perforated plate is mounted at the bottom of the lower cutting ring. The upper cutting ring and the lower cutting ring are connected and then fixed onto the funnel. An automatic lifting rack is disposed on the pedestal. The funnel is fixed to the automatic lifting rack. The infiltrated water receiving and measuring device comprises at least three graduated cylinders having a same volume and a disk rotating at regular time. The rotating time of the disk rotating at regular time can be set. One time of rotation allows one of the graduated cylinders to be right under the funnel. The apparatus has characteristics of a simple structure and operation convenience, can automatically achieve water feeding and infiltration water receiving functions, increases accuracy of measuring results and is high in automatic degree, simple in operating method, low in cost and convenient in popularization and application.
Owner:NORTHWEST A & F UNIV
Municipal solid waste landfill barrier system capable of prolonging breakthrough time of leachate and manufacturing method thereof
ActiveUS20180016766A1Extension of timeOvercome deficienciesSolid waste disposalLandfill technologiesBreakthrough timeGeomembrane
The invention relates to a MSW landfill barrier system capable of prolonging breakthrough time of leachate and a manufacturing method thereof. The system comprises a leachate collection and removal layer, a first HDPE (high-density polyethylene) geomembrane infiltration proof layer (2), a clay liner (5) and a groundwater collection and removal layer (6) which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom. The clay liner (5) is composed of a lower clay liner (51), a middle clay liner (52) and an upper clay liner (53) which are sequentially arranged, wherein the middle clay liner (52) is filled with a medium-fine sand layer (7) laid with sands of particle sizes ranging from 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm and of water content ≦3%, wherein the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the medium-fine sand layer (7) varies from 1×10−5 to 1×10−3. A method of manufacturing the MSW landfill barrier system capable of prolonging breakthrough time of leachate is also provided.
Owner:HOHAI UNIV
Indoor batch measuring device and method of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity
InactiveCN110763606AShorten experiment timeDesign sciencePermeability/surface area analysisMaterial weighingSoil scienceInlet valve
The invention relates to an indoor batch measuring device and method of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity. The device comprises a Markov bottle, the Markov bottle is provided with an air inlet pipe, the top of the air inlet pipe extends to the upper side of the Markov bottle, the Markov bottle is provided with a water outlet of a water separating device, the water separating device is connected with a corresponding number of cutting rings through a plurality of branch water pipes a funnel is arranged below each cutting ring, a beaker is arranged below the funnel, and the beaker is placed on a balance. The method comprises the steps of: filling the Markov bottle with water, adjusting the lower end of the air inlet pipe to be 5cm higher than the surface of an inner soil layer of the cutting ring, opening a total water inlet valve at the lower part of the Markov bottle, adjusting the pressure difference, closing a water stop clamp after the internal and external pressures of the Markov bottle are balanced, pouring water of 5cm water head in a measuring cup into the cutting ring, opening the water stop clamp at the same time, until the 5cm water head is maintained above all test soil samples, collecting the 5cm water head in a water collecting tank, collecting the 5cm water head with the beaker after the seepage is stable, starting to record data, and finally calculating the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity by using a saturated hydraulic conductivity calculation formula. Multiple samples can be measured at the same time, thereby saving the time.
Owner:HOHAI UNIV
Ink control mechanism for a pen
InactiveUS6991395B1Simple processEasy to mass produceLiquid surface applicatorsCleaning machinesEngineeringControl valves
The ink control structure of a pen includes a pen body and a pen point. The interior of the pen body is an empty cavity for containing ink and the surrounding wall of the pen body is flexible and can be pinched. The inner end of the pen point joins the empty cavity via an ink supply passage. The pen point has hydraulic conductivity and can lead the ink out. The pressure-driven control valve is configured into the ink supply passage and includes a stopper end and an elastic part. The elastic part can normally push the stopper end to pressingly meet a narrow opening in the ink supply passage, thus forming a state that the ink is prevented from a flow out. While under pressure, the ink supply passage is opened to make ink flow downward to the pen point for applying or writing.
Owner:HUANG TAO TIEN
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