24 results about "Soil crust" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of desertification ecological restoration equipment, particularly relates to a sandstorm-proof soil crust spray-seeding device, and provides the following scheme aiming at the problems that functional modules of an existing device are isolated and lack of cooperation, and materials are easily interfered and are insufficient in pretreatment in a sandstorm environment: the sandstorm-proof soil crust spray-seeding device comprises a spray-seeding bottom plate and a spray-seeding mechanism integrated on the spray-seeding bottom plate, the spray-seeding mechanism comprises a fungicide spraying assembly, a water-retaining agent spraying assembly and a seeding assembly which are sequentially arranged in the advancing direction, a square windproof cover is arranged on the outer side of a spray-seeding part of the device, a microenvironment air curtain assembly is arranged, air is sucked in through air inlet micropores in the windproof cover, and then a downward adjustable isolation air curtain is formed from bottom air outlet holes; materials are prevented from drifting away. Through deep integration of time sequence spray-seeding, targeted stirring, environment control and intelligent linkage, the problems that in the prior art, the function is single, materials are prone to losing efficacy, and environment interference is large are solved, and the purpose of efficient artificial biological soil crust construction in the complex sand environment is achieved.

The invention provides a desertification land ecological restoration method based on algae-moss composite biological soil crust. The method comprises the steps of algae and moss species screening, algae propagation, moss propagation and algae-moss co-culture, resistance domestication treatment, preparation of an algae-moss composite particle inoculant, soil preparation and microtopography optimization, field application of the algae-moss composite particle inoculant and maintenance after inoculation. According to the invention, the crust forming speed and structural stability can be obviously improved, the wind erosion resistance, water retention and nutrient fixation capabilities are enhanced, and long-term stable ecological restoration of the desertification land is realized.

This invention discloses a biomimetic anchoring device based on a double-helix structure and an active adhesion mechanism, belonging to the technical field of biomimetic and marine engineering mooring equipment. Addressing the shortcomings of existing deep-water mooring anchors, such as large soil disturbance and easy failure of passive pull-out resistance, this invention provides a biomimetic anchoring structure adapted to complex seabed sediments. The device includes a rigid body, double-helix blades, and an active adhesion triggering mechanism. The rigid body consists of a solid bullet head, a central oval hollow structure, and a top conical structure. The double-helix blades adopt a variable pitch and variable diameter design, with evenly distributed grooves on the surface. The active adhesion triggering mechanism includes an anchor ring and an anchor ring piston structure, with a built-in drive motor and intelligent sensing and control module in the center. The device achieves low-disturbance penetration through double-helix micro-screwing and kinematic matching. Active adhesion is triggered under tension, forming a deep mechanical interlock and high-pressure consolidated soil crust with the soil, significantly improving pull-out bearing capacity. It is suitable for complex seabed sediments such as soft mud and gravel mixtures.

The invention provides a composite microalgae preparation constructed for biological crust as well as a preparation method and application of the composite microalgae preparation, and relates to the technical field of biological soil crust repair. The composite microalgae preparation comprises chlorella with the number of FACHB-2900, chlamydomonas with the number of FACHB-1935, a sodium alginate aqueous solution and a calcium lignosulphonate aqueous solution, wherein the chlorella is purchased from a freshwater algae seed bank of Chinese Academy of Sciences. After the composite microalgae preparation is applied, the components of the sodium alginate and the calcium lignosulphonate immediately form a layer of viscous and hygroscopic liquid mulching film on the surface layer of soil, and the mulching film can be used for bonding soil particles, reducing raindrop impact and keeping moisture. In the protective layer, the fixed microalgae are activated by environmental moisture and illumination to restore activity, start to grow and perform photosynthesis, and quickly convert into a living and self-sustaining biological soil crust, so as to quickly protect and repair exposed soil.

The application discloses a kind of coral island biological soil crust GZS001 that can promote the hydrological ecological characteristics of coral island calcareous sand, with good hydrological ecological effect, can significantly improve the ecological freshwater accumulation and circulation of coral island calcareous sand, provide stable water resources for the planting of higher vegetation, improve the nutritional status of calcareous sand, and lay a good material foundation for the ecological system repair and natural succession of coral island. At the same time, the application of this biological crust can reduce the impact on the environment, and can be widely used, with the advantages of simple operation, low cost, quick effect, easy popularization, etc.

The application provides a kind of biological soil crust source microbial inoculant and its application, when specifically applied to lettuce, including seed disinfection, plate germination, potting, irrigation and culture in later stage and harvest.In the planting of lettuce seedling, rhizosphere response type fertilizer is applied, which can automatically adjust the release rate of nutrients according to the change of rhizosphere pH, and plays the role of intelligent fertilizer supply;In the later stage of lettuce growth, sodium alginate composite water locking liquid is irrigated, water retaining gel is formed in the rhizosphere and zinc and phosphorus nutrients are released, realizing the dual effect of water retention and precise fertilizer supply.The application effectively improves the water and fertilizer utilization efficiency through the time sequence cooperation of the two kinds of functional preparations, and promotes the healthy growth of lettuce in all directions.

The invention discloses an intelligent desert ecological restoration system, and belongs to the technical field, the intelligent desert ecological restoration system comprises a condensed water collection device, the condensed water collection device comprises a collection device, and the bottom of the collection device is communicated with a water storage device; the rapid growth device for the biological soil crust comprises moisturizing equipment and nutrition supply equipment which are respectively connected with water storage equipment, and further comprises a culture substrate layer and intelligent monitoring equipment for monitoring the culture substrate layer. The water storage device of the condensed water collection device is connected with the moisturizing device and the nutrition supply device of the biological soil crust rapid growth device, the intelligent monitoring device carries out unified management and coordination on the whole system, and intelligent and efficient operation of condensed water collection and biological soil crust cultivation is achieved; the integrated device of the condensed water collecting device and the biological soil crust rapid growth device has the advantages of being efficient, intelligent, high in adaptability and the like, and an innovative solution is provided for desert ecological management.

The invention provides a sand or dust parameterization scheme construction method considering biological soil crust, and belongs to the field of sand and dust numerical simulation, the method comprises the following steps: based on survey sampling data of a research area, obtaining a biological suitable region and a biological distribution region, and intersecting the biological distribution region and the biological suitable region to obtain a crust distribution region; performing grid division on the research area, and obtaining the soil crust coverage rate of each organism according to the crust distribution area in each grid; constructing a calculation formula of the critical friction wind speed growth rate, and calculating the critical friction wind speed growth rate in combination with the soil crust coverage rate of each organism; and constructing a soil crust sand and dust emission formula, and calculating the sand and dust emission amount according to the critical friction wind speed growth rate to complete construction of a sand raising or dust raising parameterization scheme. The problems that an existing sand raising scheme does not consider the influence of biological earth surface crust on the sand raising process and the accuracy and reliability of sand raising or dust raising simulation of a land parcel with biological soil crust are low are solved.

The present application relates to the technical field of water and soil conservation, and particularly relates to a soil wind erosion conservation amount monitoring method, system and electronic device, the method comprising: calculating actual wind erosion modulus of a preset area according to a ground roughness factor, a vegetation coverage factor, a meteorological factor, a soil erodibility factor and a soil crust factor of the preset area, calculating maximum wind erosion modulus of the preset area according to a preset maximum vegetation coverage factor, and the ground roughness factor, the meteorological factor, the soil erodibility factor and the soil crust factor of the preset area; and further obtaining soil water erosion conservation amount of the preset area. On the one hand, the method is applicable to small-scale and occasional soil wind erosion conservation amount, and on the other hand, the method can meet the monitoring of soil wind erosion conservation amount of a large area by using a UAV, especially can conveniently and quickly monitor soil and water loss events in remote areas, avoid manual monitoring, and is high in efficiency.

The application discloses a method for effectively improving survival rate of cryptogamic plants in an extremely arid sandy area, and relates to the field of biological soil crusts. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a crust nursery, selecting a complex microbial colony which is treated by simulating natural adversity as field inoculation material, adopting a fusional crust field breeding box arranged in a row and column mode to carry out field breeding, planting into drifting sand with the convex surface of the arc-shaped protective cover facing the wind direction, inoculating the complex microbial colony material on the first platform, and placing water-retaining slow-release fillers on the second platform; and planting special crown shrubs in the interspaces of the fusional crust field breeding box. The method solves the problems of insufficient traditional inoculation material, single variety, poor adaptability, extensive cryptogamic plant inoculation mode, simple breeding technology, poor habitat, and missing auxiliary materials, improves the survival rate of cryptogamic plants, promotes the formation of biological soil crusts, and is suitable for the extremely arid sandy area.

The invention relates to the technical field of indoor potted plant maintenance, and provides an indoor potted plant maintenance robot which comprises a planting pot, an equipment body is in threaded connection with the planting pot, a supporting ring is rotatably mounted on the equipment body, a fixing box is fixedly mounted on the supporting ring, and an adjusting frame is slidably mounted on the fixing box; a sliding groove is formed in the adjusting frame, and a sliding block is installed on the sliding groove in a sliding mode. The reciprocating lead screw rotates in the sliding block, so that the cylindrical conical pipe and the triangular cone are inserted into soil and rotate around the planting pot, soil crusting on the edge of the planting pot can be loosened, and the situation that after watering and fertilizing are conducted on soil of small and medium-sized potted plants, compact hard shells are likely to be formed, and consequently the oxygen permeability is reduced is avoided.

The invention discloses a method for effectively improving the field survival rate of cryptans in an extremely arid desert area, which comprises the following steps: establishing a crust nursery, and selecting a compound microorganism population subjected to simulated natural stress crust refining treatment as a field inoculation material; fusion type crust field breeding boxes arranged in a determinant mode are adopted to carry out field breeding, quicksand is planted in the arc-shaped protective cover with the convex face facing the incoming wind direction, a first platform is inoculated with a compound microorganism colony material, and a second platform is provided with water-retaining slow-release filler; special crown shrubs are planted between rows of the fusion type crust field breeding box; according to the method disclosed by the invention, the problems of insufficient traditional inoculation materials, single variety, poor adaptability, extensive cryptandra inoculation modes, simple breeding technology, severe habitat, lack of auxiliary materials and the like are solved by virtue of the cooperation of three technologies of a compound microorganism population, a fusion type crust field breeding box and special crown shrub shading, the survival rate of cryptandra is increased, and the survival rate of cryptandra is increased. Crust forming of biological soil is promoted, and the method is suitable for extreme drought desert areas.

The present application relates to a kind of biological soil crusts for improving salt-tolerant, and preparation method and application, the biological soil crust includes natural biological crust and 1%~5% of clay mineral of natural biological crust dry weight.This application applies clay mineral to natural biological crust, it is easy to form organic mineral aggregate structure and biological membrane-mineral structure, wherein structure body has the function of retaining water and nutrient substance, maintains the function of biological membrane expansion, and establishes a mineral barrier to external environment;Clay mineral can provide key fine-grained material and adhesive force for the formation of soil aggregate as inorganic component of biological soil crust, and provide certain protection for crust biological, so as to strengthen the ability of crust resistance and promote the role of crust formation, improve its salt-tolerant.This application can apply clay mineral directly to natural biological crust, also can form biological soil crust and then carry out sand fixation application, realize the ecological restoration of saline-alkali soil.

The application discloses a kind of biological soil crust spray seeding devices, belongs to the technical field of soil crust.The device integrates crust collection, crushing, mixing and spray seeding function by moving frame, solves the problem of high cost and low equipment utilization caused by the stage operation of multiple equipment in the prior art.The main body of the device is composed of a moving frame, a shovel plate, a crushing box and a mixing cylinder.The rotating shovel plate is arranged on the top of the moving frame to collect the surface crust, and the crust is collected by the cooperation of the guide plate and the groove.The crushing box is connected to the mixing cylinder by a communication pipe, the double crushing rollers are arranged in the crushing box, and the stirring shaft is arranged in the mixing cylinder.The collection structure uses a combination of conveyor belt and storage box to convey the crust, and the mixing structure uses synchronous wheel transmission to link the crushing rollers and the stirring shaft.The spray pipe assembly generates negative pressure to adsorb the mixed crust by using a compression air pump.The device integrates multiple process functions by using a single moving frame, significantly reduces equipment cost, improves work efficiency, and is suitable for crust spray seeding operation in desert management field.

The invention relates to a method for artificially cultivating biological soil crust, and belongs to the technical field of biological soil crust cultivation, and the method for artificially cultivating the biological soil crust comprises the following steps: collecting a biological crust seed source and artificially cultivating; the biological crust seed source is collected from a sand stabilization shrub area of the Maouu sand land, and the biological crust seed source comprises algae-containing crust, lichen crust and moss crust. According to the method, the collected biological crust seed sources are subjected to refined layering treatment, 1.5 cm of the upper layer is selected for preparing crust seed powder and reserving propagules, 1.5 cm of the lower layer is selected for preparing culture soil, substrates and nutrients are provided for the crust seed powder, and the collection area of the biological crust seed sources is reduced; symbionts are formed by inoculating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, so that the moisture and nutrient absorption capacity of crust is greatly enhanced, and the drought resistance and the adaptability to barren sand are improved.

This invention belongs to the technical field of desertification ecological restoration equipment, and particularly relates to a windbreak and sand-resistant soil crust spraying device. Addressing the problems of isolated functional modules, lack of coordination, and susceptibility to material disturbance and insufficient pretreatment in windy and sandy environments, the invention proposes the following solution: a spraying base plate and a spraying mechanism integrated thereon. The spraying mechanism includes a microbial agent spraying component, a water-retaining agent spraying component, and a seeding component arranged sequentially along the direction of travel. A square-shaped windproof cover is provided on the outside of the spraying area, along with a microenvironment air curtain component. Air is drawn in through micro-intake holes on the windproof cover and then forms a downward-facing adjustable isolation air curtain from the bottom air outlet, preventing material dispersion. This invention, through deep integration of sequential spraying, targeted mixing, environmental control, and intelligent linkage, solves the problems of single function, easy material failure, and significant environmental interference in existing technologies, achieving the goal of efficient artificial biological soil crust construction in complex windy and sandy environments.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a gravel blanket reconstruction evaluation method, device and equipment. The method comprises: setting multiple sample plots on a surface to be reconstructed; designing a gravel blanket reconstruction test on the multiple sample plots, and reconstructing the gravel blanket of the multiple sample plots; collecting multiple soil parameters of each sample plot in the multiple sample plots within a test period; preprocessing the multiple soil parameters of each sample plot; and evaluating the reconstructed gravel blanket of each sample plot according to the preprocessed multiple soil parameters of each sample plot. In this way, after the reconstruction of the gravel blanket, the soil compaction, soil crust thickness and wind erosion amount, three key soil parameters, can be comprehensively determined to accurately determine the effect of the reconstructed gravel blanket of each sample plot, so as to select the gravel blanket with the best reconstruction effect to be laid on the surface to be reconstructed, thereby screening out the most suitable gravel blanket for the mining area.

The utility model provides an adjustable biological soil crust puncturing device, and relates to the technical field of desert environment treatment. The device comprises a sampling piece used for puncturing and collecting biological soil crust; the sampling fixing device is used for placing and fixing a sampling piece; the sampling fixing device is arranged in the positioning frame body and can do relative motion along the axis of the positioning frame body; the puncture thickness adjusting device is used for adjusting the position of the sampling fixing device in the positioning frame body; wherein the puncture thickness adjusting device is used for adjusting the position of the sampling fixing device in the positioning frame body so as to control the protruding length of the sampling piece from one side, far away from the puncture thickness adjusting device, of the positioning frame body, so that the adjustment of the puncture thickness of the biological soil crust is realized. According to the technical scheme, the operability and accuracy of crust puncture thickness adjustment can be improved, and an efficient test sampling device is provided for quantitatively analyzing the influence of the crust thickness on an underground seed bank.

The invention discloses a nano-modified water-retaining and soil-fixing material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of soil improvement and ecological restoration. The material is specially designed for karst vegetation recovery, and is composed of a composite water retention matrix and a starch-based biodegradable carrier. Wherein the composite water-retaining substrate comprises 12-18 parts of nano silicon-based water-retaining agent powder, 7-9 parts of sodium bentonite and the like, and the carrier can be selected from a plant-growing bag or bulk particles with the particle size of 1-3mm. The preparation process sequentially comprises the key steps of pre-polymerization and polymerization of the nano silicon-based water-retaining agent, preparation of temperature-sensitive water-retaining matrix dispersion liquid and the like, after parameter optimization, the water-retaining rate of the material is not lower than 300%, the 24-hour soil fixation rate reaches 85% or above, the material can intelligently respond to the day and night temperature difference to adjust water release, soil crust and leakage loss are reduced, and the water-retaining effect is good. And the method has good compatibility and construction operability with vegetation bags, slow release fertilizers and the like, and can effectively solve the key problems of difficult water retention and poor soil fixation performance of karst mountainous regions.

The application provides a biological soil crust sand or dust emission parameterization scheme construction method, and belongs to the field of sand and dust numerical simulation.The method comprises the following steps: obtaining biological suitable areas and biological distribution areas based on investigation and sampling data of a research area, and obtaining a crust distribution area by intersecting the biological distribution area and the biological suitable areas; dividing the research area into grids, and obtaining soil crust coverage of each biological according to the crust distribution area in each grid; constructing a critical friction wind speed growth rate calculation formula, and calculating the critical friction wind speed growth rate in combination with the soil crust coverage of each biological; constructing a soil crust dust emission formula, calculating dust emission according to the critical friction wind speed growth rate, and completing the sand or dust emission parameterization scheme construction.The application solves the problems that the existing sand emission scheme does not consider the influence of biological surface crust on the sand emission process, and the biological soil crust plot sand or dust emission simulation accuracy and reliability are low.

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and discloses a method and system for evaluating the long-term effect of restoration of a gravel curtain layer in an arid mining area, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting the gravel coverage, the distribution type and the soil crust shear strength of an undisturbed natural gravel curtain layer as references; accumulated mass loss under the multi-parameter combined working condition is measured through a wind tunnel test; determining a weight based on sensitivity analysis and constructing a wind erosion resistance index model; periodically monitoring key parameters of the restoration area and calculating an index value; and if the index is not lower than the natural standard for a long time and the fluctuation amplitude is smaller than a historical fluctuation threshold value, judging that the long-term effect reaches the standard. According to the method, through multi-parameter coupling modeling and dynamic monitoring, the problems of quantitative evaluation and long-term verification of the repairing effect are solved.

The invention discloses a blue-green algae propagation method, and relates to the technical field of natural biological soil crust. A porous material which is stable in structure, high in adsorbability and excellent in water-retaining property is used as a core carrier to construct a blue-green algae-carrier synergistic growth system, and system optimization of links such as blue-green algae population attachment propagation, environment control culture and drying treatment is combined, so that efficient attachment, uniform propagation and granulation preparation of blue-green algae are realized on the surface and in pores of the blue-green algae; therefore, the cyanobacteria-based particle product which can be dried, transported, spread and stored is obtained, a three-in-one engineering conversion path of propagation expansion, fixation and application is opened, and the technical requirements of large-scale artificial crust construction in the arid region are met.

The invention relates to the technical field of environment-friendly materials, in particular to a polysaccharide-based salt-inhibiting soil moisture-preserving recarburizing growth-promoting soil crust rapid construction agent and a preparation method thereof. According to the specific technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps: pretreating agricultural and forestry waste powder, adding the pretreated agricultural and forestry waste powder into an acetic acid solution containing chitosan, heating and stirring, and then washing to be neutral to obtain dual-modified agricultural and forestry waste powder; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing epoxy vegetable oil and an emulsifier, adding the mixture into a cellulose-humic acid mixed solution, dissolving, adding the dual-modified agricultural and forestry waste powder and glycerol, carrying out low-temperature plasma-assisted crosslinking, and supplementing urea to regulate the ratio of C to N to be 25: 1, thereby obtaining the soil crust rapid formation agent. The invention overcomes the defects of high raw material cost, poor degradability, low utilization rate of agricultural and forestry wastes, narrow raw material adaptation range and the like of the existing skinning quick-forming agent, uses various agricultural and forestry wastes as core raw materials, modifies and optimizes the bonding performance through chitosan, and enhances the stability in combination with the crosslinking of epoxidized vegetable oil. The coordination of diversified agricultural and forestry waste recycling and ecological restoration functions is realized.

The application discloses a cyanobacterium SCSIO17256 with high yield of exocellular polysaccharide and application of the cyanobacterium in anti-erosion of a coral island. The cyanobacterium is named as cyanobacterium Oculatella sp. SCSIO17256, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M2025524. The cyanobacterium Oculatella sp. SCSIO17256 provided by the application can effectively promote formation of a calcareous sand biological crust, has strong sand-fixing capacity, and has very strong shear resistance, and can be applied to prevention and treatment of water and soil loss of the coral island and construction of the calcareous sand biological soil crust of the coral island. Compared with physical sand-fixing, chemical sand-fixing and vegetation cultivation, the use of the microorganism as a new type of sand-fixing and cultivation crust has the advantages of strong adaptability, low cost, quick effect, etc.