Biological soil crust spray-seeding device

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological soil crust spray-seeding device, and belongs to the technical field of soil crust. The device integrates crust collecting, crushing, mixing and spray-seeding functions through the moving frame, and solves the problems of high cost and low equipment utilization rate caused by multi-equipment staged operation in the prior art. The device body is composed of a moving frame, a shovel plate, a smashing box and a mixing barrel, the rotatable shovel plate is arranged at the top of the moving frame to collect earth surface crust, and crust collection is achieved through cooperation of a guide plate and a groove. The crushing box is connected with the mixing cylinder through a communicating pipe, double crushing rollers are arranged in the crushing box, and a stirring shaft is arranged in the mixing cylinder. The collecting structure adopts a combination of a conveying belt and a placing box to convey crust, and the mixing structure realizes linkage of a crushing roller and a stirring shaft through transmission of a synchronizing wheel. The spray pipe assembly generates negative pressure through a compression air pump to adsorb mixed crust. The device integrates a multi-process function through the single moving frame, the equipment cost is remarkably reduced, the operation efficiency is improved, and the device is suitable for crust spray-seeding operation in the field of desertification control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil crust, in particular to a biological soil crust spraying device. Background Art

[0002] Soil crusts, a product of the unique environment of arid deserts, are organic complexes formed by bryophytes, bacteria, fungi, cyanobacteria, lichens, and soil. During their development, they actively participate in soil formation, improving soil physical and chemical properties, increasing nutrient and moisture content, and significantly enhancing erosion resistance. Soil crusts are widely used in desertification control and the restoration of degraded habitats to stabilize sand, prevent erosion, and restore soil health.

[0003] In existing technologies, when soil crusts are used for sand control, the crusts need to be collected and crushed, then mixed with microbial agents, soil conditioners, water-retaining agents, seeds and other materials, and finally the mixture is sprayed onto the sand. However, this process still has the following shortcomings: 1. The collection, crushing, and mixing processes must be completed in stages using different equipment. This not only increases the complexity of the operation process, but also requires the configuration of two additional sets of equipment, further increasing the cost of sand control. 2. The independent operation of the two drive systems results in insufficient equipment utilization, which not only wastes resources but also increases the risk of equipment idleness.

[0004] In response to the above problems, the present invention document proposes a biological soil crust spraying device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the existing need to use two driving devices and the need to use different equipment to perform collection, crushing and mixing separately, and to propose a biological soil crust spraying device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A biological soil crust spraying device is used for collecting, mixing and spraying soil crusts, comprising a mobile frame, the top of which is connected to a shovel plate through a rotating shaft for shoveling surface crusts; A mixing cylinder is fixed on the top of the mobile frame and connected to at least two discharge hoses at the bottom; A crushing box is fixed to the top of the movable frame through supporting legs and is located on the top of the mixing drum, and the two are connected through a connecting pipe; The collecting structure includes a groove, a through groove, a guide plate and a conveyor belt. The groove is provided on the top of the movable frame and is connected to the shovel plate through the through groove. The guide plate is fixed obliquely to the inner wall of the bottom of the through groove. The conveyor belt is connected to the first conveyor roller and the second conveyor roller for conveying the crust in the groove to the crushing box. A mixing structure comprising two meshing gears, a crushing roller and a stirring shaft, wherein the crushing roller is rotatably disposed in the crushing box and is linked to the mixing drum by gears, and the stirring shaft is rotatably disposed in the mixing drum; The control structure includes a sliding groove, a driving plate and a fixing rod, wherein the driving plate is slidably disposed in the sliding groove and connected to the two driving wheels via the fixing rod; When the movable frame moves, the driving plate switches the coupling state of the driving wheel and the synchronous wheel through magnetic force, so that the conveyor belt and the crushing roller run alternately.

[0007] In a possible design, a plurality of placement boxes are fixed to the outer wall of the conveyor belt, and the volume of the placement boxes is 50-100 cm³, which is used to improve the crust conveying efficiency.

[0008] In one possible design, the collection structure further includes a first synchronous wheel, a second synchronous wheel and a synchronous belt, wherein the first synchronous wheel rotates on the second drive shaft, the second synchronous wheel is fixed to one end of the second conveying roller, and the synchronous belt transmission connects the first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel; A first magnet and a second magnet are provided between the driving wheel and the first synchronous wheel. When the driving wheel approaches the first synchronous wheel, the first synchronous wheel is driven to rotate.

[0009] In a possible design, the mixing structure also includes a third synchronous wheel, a fourth synchronous wheel and a double-groove synchronous wheel, the third synchronous wheel rotates on the second drive shaft, the fourth synchronous wheel is fixed to one end of the crushing roller, the double-groove synchronous wheel is fixed to one end of the stirring shaft and is respectively connected to the third synchronous wheel and the fourth synchronous wheel through a synchronous belt, and a third magnet is fixed to the side of the third synchronous wheel close to the adjacent drive wheel.

[0010] In one possible design, the control structure further includes: The electromagnet and the fourth magnet are fixed to the first vertical plate and the driving plate respectively, and the magnetic repulsion between the two drives the driving plate to move toward the third synchronous wheel; The trapezoidal load-bearing block is slidably arranged on the second vertical plate, and when the inclined surface of the load-bearing block contacts the driving plate, the driving plate is pushed to move toward the first synchronous wheel.

[0011] In a possible design, the magnetic repulsion between the electromagnet and the fourth magnet is 15-20N, the weight of the trapezoidal load-bearing block is 2-3kg, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is 30°-45°.

[0012] In a possible design, it also includes a nozzle and a compressed air pump. The nozzle is rotatably connected to the top of the movable frame and is connected to the mixing barrel through a discharge hose. The compressed air pump injects air into the nozzle through an air guide pipe to form a negative pressure to inhale the crust.

[0013] In a possible design, an air injection ring and a plurality of inclined holes are provided on the outer wall of the nozzle, and the angle between the axis of the inclined hole and the axis of the nozzle is 15°-30°, which is used to produce a Venturi effect to adsorb the crust.

[0014] In a possible design, two inclined plates are fixed to the inner wall of the crushing box, and the angle between the inclined plates and the horizontal plane is 40°-50°, so as to guide the crust to the nip area of ​​the crushing roller.

[0015] Beneficial effects: In the present invention, the two ends of the fixed rod are respectively slidably connected to the sides of the two driving wheels that are close to each other, the first vertical plate and the driving plate are respectively fixed with an electromagnet and a fourth magnet on the side that is close to each other, and the second vertical plate is slidably connected to a trapezoidal load-bearing block on the side close to the first vertical plate; the trapezoidal load-bearing block moves downward and cooperates with the driving plate to drive the fixed rod and the driving wheel to move in the direction of the first synchronous wheel, and then when the second driving shaft rotates, it can drive the second conveying roller to rotate to perform the crust collection operation; conversely, after the electromagnet is energized, the repulsive force between the electromagnet and the fourth magnet drives the driving plate and the driving wheel to move in the direction of the third synchronous wheel, thereby releasing the rotation of the second conveying roller and driving the crushing roller and the stirring shaft to rotate to perform the crushing and mixing operations; In the present invention, the outer wall of the second driving shaft is rotatably connected to the first synchronous wheel, and the outer wall of the second driving shaft is slidably connected to two driving wheels, and a plurality of first magnets are fixed on the side of the two driving wheels away from each other, and a plurality of second magnets are fixed on one side of the first synchronous wheel; the first synchronous wheel approaches the adjacent driving wheel, and the first synchronous wheel cooperates with the second magnet and the first magnet on the driving wheel to generate magnetic force. When the movable frame moves, the second driving shaft drives the first synchronous wheel to rotate through the driving wheel, the first magnet and the second magnet in the first synchronous wheel, and the first synchronous wheel drives the second conveying roller and the second synchronous wheel to rotate through the synchronous belt. The conveyor belt rotates through the placement box to transport the crust stored in the groove upward and discharge it into the crushing box, thereby completing the crust collection operation; In the present invention, a fourth synchronous wheel is fixed to one end of one of the crushing rollers, one end of the stirring shaft rotates and passes through one side of the mixing drum and is fixed with a double-groove synchronous wheel, a third synchronous wheel is rotated on the outer wall of the second driving shaft, and the double-groove synchronous wheel and the fourth synchronous wheel and the third synchronous wheel are all connected through a synchronous belt transmission; the third synchronous wheel and the adjacent driving wheel are matched through the third magnet and the first magnet, and then the second driving shaft drives the third synchronous wheel to rotate through the first magnet, and the third synchronous wheel drives the double-groove synchronous wheel and the fourth synchronous wheel to rotate through the synchronous belt, and then drives the two crushing rollers to rotate to crush the crust, and the crushed crust enters the mixing drum through the connecting pipe and is mixed with water and fertilizer under the action of the stirring shaft.

[0016] In the present invention, the crust can be collected, the fertilizer is collected and mixed during the movement of the mobile frame, and the collection and mixing are performed alternately on the mobile frame, thereby greatly saving the manufacturing cost of the equipment, and the crust can be collected and mixed when the mobile frame moves forward, reducing the difficulty of crust spraying and improving the efficiency of crust spraying. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Example 1 of the present invention from a first perspective; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Example 1 of the present invention from a second perspective; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a movable frame and a guide plate of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a mobile frame, a crushing box, and a mixing drum of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a third magnet, a second drive shaft, and a second conveyor roller of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a first synchronous wheel, a driving wheel, and a third synchronous wheel of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a third synchronous wheel, a double-groove synchronous wheel, and a fourth synchronous wheel of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 9 A schematic three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a first vertical plate, a second vertical plate, and a trapezoidal load-bearing block of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional exploded structure of a pulverizing box, a connecting pipe, a discharge hose, and a mixing drum of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a nozzle and an air injection ring of a biological soil crust spraying device provided in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure: 1, moving frame; 2, shovel plate; 3, groove; 4, through groove; 5, guide plate; 6, crushing box; 7, first conveyor roller; 8, second conveyor roller; 9, conveyor belt; 10, placement box; 11, inclined plate; 12, crushing roller; 13, mixing drum; 14, stirring shaft; 15, first drive shaft; 16, second drive shaft; 17, anti-skid wheel; 18, drive wheel; 19, first magnet; 20, first synchronous wheel; 21, second magnet; 22, second Synchronous wheel; 23. Third synchronous wheel; 24. Third magnet; 25. Double-groove synchronous wheel; 26. Fourth synchronous wheel; 27. Gear; 28. Sliding groove; 29. ​​Drive plate; 30. Fixed rod; 31. First vertical plate; 32. Electromagnet; 33. Fourth magnet; 34. Second vertical plate; 35. Trapezoidal load-bearing block; 36. Connecting pipe; 37. Discharge hose; 38. Nozzle; 39. Compressed air pump; 40. Air guide pipe; 41. Air injection ring; 42. Inclined hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0020] Example 1 Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The spraying device, which relates to the field of soil crusting technology, comprises a mobile frame 1, constructed from durable metal to ensure stability during movement and operation. A shovel blade 2 is pivotally connected to the top of the frame 1 via a rotating shaft. The shaft is positioned appropriately atop the frame 1, ensuring flexible rotation of the shovel blade 2. The front end of the shovel blade 2 is sharp, making it easy to insert into the soil to scoop up and collect soil crusts.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 10 A mixing drum 13 is fixedly mounted on the top of the mobile frame 1. The mixing drum 13 is a cylindrical metal cylinder with an open top for receiving the crushed crust and other mixed materials. A crushing box 6 is fixed to the top of the mobile frame 1 via four supporting legs. The supporting legs are evenly distributed around the bottom of the crushing box 6 to ensure that the crushing box 6 is firmly installed. The crushing box 6 is located directly above the mixing drum 13, and the crushing box 6 and the mixing drum 13 are fixedly connected via multiple connecting pipes 36. The connecting pipes 36 are made of metal, and their ends are welded and sealed to the crushing box 6 and the mixing drum 13 respectively, ensuring that the crushed crust can be smoothly discharged from the crushing box 6 into the mixing drum 13.

[0022] Reference Figure 2-Figure 4The collection structure includes a groove 3 and a guide plate 5. The top of the mobile frame 1 is provided with a long, rectangular groove 3, whose depth and width are designed according to actual needs and can accommodate a certain amount of crust. The mobile frame 1 is provided with a through-slot 4 connected to the groove 3. The through-slot 4 is an inclined channel with a guide plate 5 fixed to its bottom inner wall. The guide plate 5 is made of a smooth metal sheet and has an angle consistent with the through-slot 4. The shovel plate 2 cooperates with the guide plate 5. When the crust on the shovel plate 2 is tilted, the crust can slide smoothly along the guide plate 5 into the groove 3.

[0023] Crust collection stage: An external motor drives shovel blade 2 to rotate. One end of shovel blade 2 is inserted into the ground a certain distance. As mobile frame 1 advances, shovel blade 2 scoops the soil crust onto the surface. When a certain amount of crust has accumulated on shovel blade 2, the motor drives shovel blade 2 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the crust to be dumped into groove 3 through slot 4 and guide plate 5.

[0024] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a second conveyor roller 8 is rotatably connected in the groove 3, and the two ends of the second conveyor roller 8 are installed on the bearing seats on the inner walls of both sides of the groove 3 through bearings to ensure that it can rotate freely. The top of the crushing box 6 is rotatably connected to the first conveyor roller 7 through the base, and the base is fixed at a suitable position on the top of the crushing box 6 to provide stable support for the first conveyor roller 7. The conveyor belt 9 transmission sleeve is set on the outer wall of the first conveyor roller 7 and the second conveyor roller 8. The conveyor belt 9 is made of wear-resistant rubber material and has anti-slip grooves on the surface to prevent the crust from slipping during transportation. There are multiple placement boxes 10 evenly distributed on the conveyor belt 9. The placement box 10 is a semicircular metal box body, which is evenly fixed on the conveyor belt 9 by welding or other fixing methods, and is used to transport the crust in the groove 3 upward.

[0025] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7The mobile frame 1 is provided with a driving part of the collection structure, including a first drive shaft 15 and a second drive shaft 16 that are rotatably connected to the bottom of the mobile frame 1 through a base. The base is fixed at a suitable position at the bottom of the mobile frame 1 to provide support for the first drive shaft 15 and the second drive shaft 16. Anti-skid wheels 17 are fixed at both ends of the first drive shaft 15 and the second drive shaft 16. The anti-skid wheels 17 are made of rubber and have anti-skid patterns on the surface to increase friction with the ground and ensure the stability of the mobile frame 1 during movement. A first synchronous wheel 20 is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the second drive shaft 16 through a rotating bearing. The first synchronous wheel 20 is coaxially installed with the second drive shaft 16 to ensure synchronous rotation. One end of the second conveying roller 8 rotates through the mobile frame 1 and is fixed with a second synchronous wheel 22. The second synchronous wheel 22 is coaxially installed with the second conveying roller 8. The first synchronous wheel 20 and the second synchronous wheel 22 are connected by a synchronous belt transmission. The synchronous belt is made of high-strength rubber and has grooves on the surface. It meshes with the teeth on the first synchronous wheel 20 and the second synchronous wheel 22 to ensure the accuracy and stability of the transmission.

[0026] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 The outer wall of the second drive shaft 16 is slidably connected to two drive wheels 18 via a slide groove and a slider. The slide groove is provided on the outer wall of the second drive shaft 16, and the slider is fixed to the inner wall of the drive wheel 18, allowing the drive wheel 18 to slide axially on the second drive shaft 16. A plurality of first magnets 19 are fixed to the side of each drive wheel 18 facing away from each other. The first magnets 19 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the side of the drive wheel 18. A plurality of second magnets 21 are fixed to the side of the first synchronous wheel 20 adjacent to the adjacent drive wheel 18. Preferably, the first synchronous wheel 20 is provided with multiple mounting holes, and the second magnets 21 are fixedly mounted in the mounting holes. The first magnets 19 are mounted on the drive wheel 18 via an extension rod, so that the first magnets 19 and the extension rod extend into the mounting holes, which makes the transmission more stable. The number and position of the second magnets 21 correspond to the first magnets 19, and a magnetic attraction is generated between the second magnets 21 and the adjacent first magnets 19. When the second drive shaft 16 drives the drive wheel 18 to rotate, the cooperation between the second magnets 21 and the first magnets 19 can drive the first synchronous wheel 20 to rotate.

[0027] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6The mixing structure mainly includes a stirring shaft 14 rotating in a mixing drum 13 and two crushing rollers 12 rotating in a crushing box 6. The stirring shaft 14 is installed at the top and bottom center positions of the mixing drum 13 through bearings. A plurality of stirring blades are welded on the stirring shaft 14. The stirring blades are distributed in a spiral shape and can fully stir and mix the crust and other materials in the mixing drum 13 when the stirring shaft 14 rotates. The two crushing rollers 12 are installed in the crushing box 6 through bearings. The two crushing rollers 12 are parallel to each other with a certain gap. The outer wall of the crushing roller 12 is provided with a plurality of crushing teeth. The crushing teeth are made of high-strength metal material and can effectively crush the crust entering the crushing box 6. The two crushing rollers 12 are connected by a gear transmission mechanism, and one of the crushing rollers 12 is driven by an external motor, thereby driving the other crushing roller 12 to rotate synchronously to achieve the crushing operation of the crust.

[0028] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 Two meshing gears 27 are mounted on one side of the crushing box 6 through a bearing seat. One end of each crushing roller 12 extends through the crushing box 6 and is fixed through the corresponding gear 27. The meshing of the two gears 27 enables the two crushing rollers 12 to rotate towards each other. A fourth synchronous wheel 26 is fixed to one end of one of the crushing rollers 12. The fourth synchronous wheel 26 and the crushing roller 12 are coaxially mounted to ensure synchronous rotation. The stirring shaft 14 is mounted in the mixing drum 13 through a bearing seat. One end of the stirring shaft 14 rotates through the side of the mixing drum 13 and is fixed with a double-grooved synchronous wheel 25. The double-grooved synchronous wheel 25 is coaxially mounted with the stirring shaft 14 to ensure synchronous rotation.

[0029] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The outer wall of the second drive shaft 16, away from the first synchronous wheel 20, is rotatably mounted on a third synchronous wheel 23 via a bearing. The third synchronous wheel 23 is coaxially mounted with the second drive shaft 16. The double-grooved synchronous wheel 25, the fourth synchronous wheel 26, and the third synchronous wheel 23 are all connected by a synchronous belt transmission. The synchronous belt is made of high-strength rubber and has a toothed surface. It meshes with the teeth on the double-grooved synchronous wheel 25, the fourth synchronous wheel 26, and the third synchronous wheel 23 to ensure accurate and stable transmission. When the second drive shaft 16 rotates, the third synchronous wheel 23, the double-grooved synchronous wheel 25, and the fourth synchronous wheel 26 drive the stirring shaft 14 and the crushing roller 12 to rotate, completing the crushing and mixing of the crust. A third magnet 24 is fixed to the side of the third synchronous wheel 23 near the adjacent drive wheel 18. Preferably, the third synchronous wheel 23 is also provided with multiple mounting holes. The third magnet 24 is fixedly mounted in the mounting holes. The first magnet 19 is mounted on the drive wheel 18 via an extension rod. Therefore, the first magnet 19 and the extension rod extend into the mounting holes, which is more stable during transmission.

[0030] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 9The control structure includes a driving plate 29 sliding in the moving frame 1 and a fixing rod 30 fixedly passing through the driving plate 29.

[0031] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 9 A sliding groove 28 is provided in the movable frame 1, and a driving plate 29 is slidably mounted in the sliding groove 28. The sliding groove 28 provides a sliding track for the driving plate 29. Further, the driving plate 29 can be slidably mounted in the sliding groove 28 via a slider guide rail, so that the driving plate 29 can only move laterally. The two ends of the fixed rod 30 are respectively slidably connected to the side of the two driving wheels 18 that are close to each other. The driving plate 29 drives the two driving wheels 18 to move laterally through the fixed rod 30. The fixed rod 30 is a cylindrical metal rod, and its two ends are connected to the annular guide rails on the driving wheels 18 via arc-shaped sliders. The arc-shaped slider is fixedly mounted to the fixed rod 30, and the annular guide rail is fixedly mounted to the driving wheel 18. The arc-shaped slider is slidably connected to the annular guide rail, ensuring the stability of the driving wheel 18 during movement. Therefore, when the driving wheel 18 rotates, the driving wheel 18 drives the annular guide rail and the arc-shaped slider to slide. When the fixed rod 30 moves laterally, the annular guide rail and the arc-shaped slider drive the driving wheel 18 to move laterally.

[0032] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 9 The first vertical plate 31 and the second vertical plate 34 are welded and fixed to the top of the movable frame 1. The first vertical plate 31 and the second vertical plate 34 are respectively located on both sides of the sliding groove 28. The electromagnet 32 ​​and the fourth magnet 33 are respectively fixed by bolts on the side where the first vertical plate 31 and the driving plate 29 are close to each other. When the electromagnet 32 ​​is energized, a repulsive force is generated between the electromagnet 32 ​​and the fourth magnet 33, pushing the driving plate 29 and the driving wheel 18 to move in the direction of the third synchronous wheel 23. The side of the second vertical plate 34 close to the first vertical plate 31 is slidably connected to the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35. The trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 is connected to the second vertical plate 34 through a slide rail and can slide up and down. The side of the driving plate 29 close to the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 is provided with an inclined surface. The inclined surfaces between the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 and the driving plate 29 cooperate. When the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 moves downward, it can drive the driving plate 29 and the driving wheel 18 to move in the direction of the first synchronous wheel 20.

[0033] Crust collection stage: An external motor drives shovel blade 2 to rotate. One end of shovel blade 2 is inserted into the ground a certain distance. As mobile frame 1 advances, shovel blade 2 scoops the soil crust onto the surface. When a certain amount of crust has accumulated on shovel blade 2, the motor drives shovel blade 2 to rotate in the opposite direction, causing the crust to be dumped into groove 3 through slot 4 and guide plate 5.

[0034] Crust Conveying Stage: As the mobile frame 1 moves, the first synchronous wheel 20 approaches the adjacent drive wheel 18. The first synchronous wheel 20, in conjunction with the second magnet 21 and first magnet 19 on the drive wheel 18, generates magnetic force. As the second drive shaft 16 continues to rotate during movement, the magnetic forces of the drive wheel 18 and the first and second magnets 19 and 21 within the first synchronous wheel 20 drive the first synchronous wheel 20. The first synchronous wheel 20 drives the second synchronous wheel 22 and second conveyor roller 8 via a synchronous belt, which in turn drives the conveyor belt 9. The storage box 10 on the conveyor belt 9 transports the crust stored in the groove 3 upward and discharges it into the crushing box 6.

[0035] Crust crushing stage: The crust entering the crushing box 6 is squeezed and crushed between the two crushing rollers 12. The crushing teeth on the crushing rollers 12 crush the crust into smaller particles to meet the requirements of subsequent mixing and spraying.

[0036] Crust Mixing Stage: The crushed crust enters the mixing drum 13 through the connecting pipe 36. Simultaneously, appropriate materials, such as water and fertilizer, are added to the mixing drum 13 to increase soil nutrient and moisture content and significantly enhance erosion resistance. An external motor drives the stirring shaft 14, which rotates. The stirring blades on the stirring shaft 14 thoroughly mix the crust and other materials in the mixing drum 13, ensuring a uniform blend of the crust and other materials, enhancing the crust's activity and spraying effectiveness.

[0037] Reference Figure 9 and Figure 7 The repulsive force between the electromagnet 32 ​​and the fourth magnet 33 is greater than the sum of the thrust exerted on the drive plate 29 by the weight of the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 and the magnetic attraction of the second magnet 21 on the adjacent first magnet 19. Simultaneously, the thrust exerted on the drive plate 29 by the weight of the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 is greater than the magnetic attraction between the drive wheel 18 and the adjacent third magnet 24.

[0038] Specifically, when the electromagnet 32 ​​is de-energized, the thrust exerted on the drive plate 29 by the weight of the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 is greater than the magnetic attraction between the drive wheel 18 and the adjacent third magnet 24. Consequently, the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35, under its own weight, generates a thrust on the drive plate 29 toward the first synchronous wheel 20, causing the drive plate 29 to move toward the first synchronous wheel 20. As the drive plate 29 moves, the first magnet 19 and the adjacent second magnet 21 gradually approach and engage, generating a corresponding magnetic force that drives the components associated with the second magnet 21 to perform corresponding movements or actions, such as driving other synchronous wheels to rotate, thereby achieving certain functions of the device, such as material transportation.

[0039] When electromagnet 32 ​​is energized, it generates a magnetic field, exerting a repulsive force on fourth magnet 33. Because the repulsive force between electromagnet 32 ​​and fourth magnet 33 is greater than the combined thrust exerted by the gravity of trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 on drive plate 29 and the magnetic attraction of second magnet 21 on adjacent first magnet 19, this repulsive force drives drive plate 29 to overcome the gravity thrust of trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 and the magnetic attraction between first magnet 19 and second magnet 21, causing drive plate 29 to move toward third synchronous wheel 23. The movement of drive plate 29 changes the relative position between first magnet 19 and second magnet 21, thereby altering the magnetic interaction. This movement may also generate new magnetic interactions between drive wheel 18 and third magnet 24, driving the device to perform other actions or functions, such as changing the direction or speed of material conveyance. By controlling the power on and off of electromagnet 32, reciprocating motion of drive plate 29 and switching between different device functions are achieved, improving the device's automation and flexibility.

[0040] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 In the biological soil crust spraying device, the crushing box 6 is fixedly installed in the corresponding position of the device. The inner walls on both sides of the crushing box 6 that are away from each other are respectively fixed with inclined plates 11 by welding or other fixing methods. The two inclined plates 11 are both located above the crushing roller 12. The inclination angle of the inclined plate 11 is designed according to actual needs, so that the crust entering the crushing box 6 from above can slide toward the middle along the inclined plate 11. After the crust enters the crushing box 6, it slides down along the inclined plate 11 under the action of its own gravity, and gradually converges to the middle position of the crushing box 6, thereby facilitating the crushing roller 12 to effectively crush the crust, thereby improving the crushing efficiency and ensuring that the crust can be fully crushed to meet the requirements of subsequent spraying.

[0041] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 10 At the top of the mobile frame 1, two nozzles 38 are rotatably connected via rotating connecting components such as bearings. The nozzles 38 can rotate within a certain angle around their rotational axes to adjust the spraying direction. At least two discharge hoses 37 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the mixing drum 13. These hoses 37 are made of a flexible and pressure-resistant material, such as a rubber hose. The ends of the at least two discharge hoses 37, each connected to the nozzles 38, allow the mixed crust within the mixing drum 13 to be smoothly transported through the discharge hoses 37 into the nozzles 38. Two compressed air pumps 39 are fixedly mounted on the top of the mobile frame 1 via a frame. The frame supports and secures the compressed air pumps 39, ensuring their stability during operation. The outlets of both compressed air pumps 39 are fixedly connected to air guide pipes 40, also made of pressure-resistant material to ensure they can withstand the pressure of the compressed air. One end of each air guide pipe 40 is connected to a corresponding nozzle 38.

[0042] Through the above specific implementation methods, the biological soil crust spraying device can efficiently complete the crushing, transportation and spraying operations of the biological soil crust, and through the control of components such as electromagnets, it realizes flexible switching between different functions of the device, meets various needs in actual spraying operations, and has high feasibility and operability.

[0043] Example 2 refer to Figure 11 This embodiment is an improvement on Example 1: an air injection ring 41 is welded to the outer wall of the nozzle 38. The air injection ring 41 is an annular structure with a hollow interior. One end of the air guide tube 40 is fixedly connected to the air injection ring 41, allowing compressed air generated by the compressed air pump 39 to enter the air injection ring 41 smoothly through the air guide tube 40. A plurality of inclined holes 42 are provided on the outer wall of the nozzle 38. One end of the inclined hole 42 extends into the air injection ring 41, and the angle between the axis of the inclined hole 42 and the axis of the nozzle 38 is 15°-30°.

[0044] Specifically, during the spraying process, the compressed air pump 39 is first started. The compressed air pump 39 compresses the air, and the compressed air is injected into the air injection ring 41 through the air guide tube 40. The compressed air in the air injection ring 41 is then discharged into the nozzle 38 through the inclined holes 42. Due to the special design of the inclined holes 42, when the compressed air is sprayed out from the inclined holes 42, a negative pressure is formed at one end of the nozzle 38. At this time, the mixed crust in the mixing barrel 13 is sucked into the nozzle 38 through the discharge hose 37 under the action of the negative pressure. As the compressed air continues to spray out from the inclined holes 42, the crust sucked into the nozzle 38 is sprayed to the outside, thereby completing the spraying operation of the crust. By adjusting the output pressure of the compressed air pump 39 and the rotation angle of the nozzle 38, the distance and direction of the spraying can be flexibly controlled to meet the spraying needs of different venues.

[0045] A method for using a biological soil crust spraying device comprises the following steps: S1. Connect the mobile frame 1 to the traction equipment and drive the mobile frame 1 forward. When it is necessary to collect the crust, the shovel plate 2 is driven by the motor to rotate, and one end of the shovel plate 2 is inserted into the ground for a certain distance. The mobile frame 1 is kept moving at a constant speed of 0.5-2.2 m / min. When the mobile frame 1 moves forward, the crust on the soil can be shoveled onto the shovel plate 2. When the crust on the shovel plate 2 reaches a certain amount, the motor drives the shovel plate 2 to rotate and dump the crust on the shovel plate 2 into the groove 3 through the through groove 4 and the guide plate 5, so that the conveyor belt 9 and the placement box 10 can cooperate to discharge the crust into the crushing box 6 for crushing. S2. When the mobile frame 1 moves, the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 moves downward under the action of its own weight (the thrust exerted by the weight of the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 on the driving plate 29 is greater than the attraction between the first magnet 19 and the third magnet 24). The inclined surface of the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 cooperates with the inclined surface of the driving plate 29 to drive the driving plate 29 to move laterally outward. The driving plate 29 drives the two driving wheels 18 to move laterally synchronously through the fixing rod 30, and makes the driving wheel 18 adjacent to the first synchronous wheel 20 close to the first synchronous wheel 20, and the first synchronous wheel 20 cooperates with the second magnet 21 and the first magnet 19 on the driving wheel 18. The combination generates magnetic force, so when the mobile frame 1 moves, the second driving shaft 16 drives the first synchronous wheel 20 to rotate through the driving wheel 18, the first magnet 19 and the second magnet 21 in the first synchronous wheel 20, and the first synchronous wheel 20 drives the second conveying roller 8 and the second synchronous wheel 22 to rotate through the synchronous belt, thereby driving the conveyor belt 9 to run. The conveyor belt 9 synchronously drives the multiple placement boxes 10 thereon to rotate. The placement boxes 10 can transport the crust stored on the groove 3 upward and discharge it into the crushing box 6. Since the crushing roller 12 was in a stationary state before, the crust is stored above the two crushing rollers 12; S3. When the crust collection is completed and the desert area needs to be sprayed for sand control, the motor drives the shovel plate 2 to rotate so that the shovel plate 2 is in a vertical state, and then the electromagnet 32 ​​is energized. The magnetic force between the electromagnet 32 ​​and the fourth magnet 33 is greater than the gravity of the trapezoidal load-bearing block 35 and the magnetic attraction between the first magnet 19 and the second magnet 21. The electromagnet 32 ​​pushes the driving plate 29 and the fixing rod 30 to move away from the first synchronous wheel 20. The third synchronous wheel 23 cooperates with the adjacent driving wheel 18 through the third magnet 24 and the first magnet 19, and then the second driving wheel 18 is driven. The shaft 16 drives the third synchronous wheel 23 to rotate through the first magnet 19, and the third synchronous wheel 23 drives the double-groove synchronous wheel 25 to rotate through the synchronous belt. The double-groove synchronous wheel 25 drives the fourth synchronous wheel 26 to rotate through the synchronous belt. The fourth synchronous wheel 26 drives the two crushing rollers 12 to rotate in opposite directions through the engagement of two gears 27, thereby crushing the crust stored in the crushing box 6. The crushed crust enters the mixing drum 13 through the connecting pipe 36. When the mobile frame 1 is moved to a desert area, the crust can be crushed, which is convenient for spraying the crust to the desert area later. S4. In addition, microbial agents, soil conditioners, water-retaining agents, seeds and other materials are added to the mixing drum 13 in advance. When the double-grooved synchronous wheel 25 rotates, the stirring shaft 14 is driven to rotate to mix the crust with these materials for later spraying. In addition, water can be added to the mixing drum 13 to increase the moisture content of these materials to improve the anti-erosion performance. S5. During spraying, the compressed air pump 39 is started. The compressed air pump 39 compresses the air and injects it into the air injection ring 41 through the air guide pipe 40. The compressed air is then injected into the nozzle 38 through the inclined hole 42. Due to the action of the inclined hole 42, the compressed air can be ejected to the outside. At this time, the nozzle 38 is in a negative pressure state at a position away from the inclined hole 42 and close to the discharge hose 37. The mixed crust in the mixing barrel 13 can be sucked into the sliding groove 28, and the compressed air ejected from the inclined hole 42 is ejected to the outside, thereby completing the spraying of the crust.

[0046] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the compressed air pump 39 and the electromagnet 32 ​​are commonplace, and are conventional means or common knowledge, and will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0047] The drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The sizes and shapes of the components shown are not intended to be limiting, but are merely for illustrative purposes. In actual implementation, the components may be appropriately configured and adjusted based on specific needs and actual conditions.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological soil crust spraying device, which is used for collecting, mixing and spraying soil crusts, characterized in that: It comprises a movable frame (1), the top of which is rotatably connected to a shovel plate (2) via a rotating shaft and is used for shoveling up the crust on the ground surface; A mixing cylinder (13) is fixed to the top of the movable frame (1) and is connected to at least two discharge hoses (37) at the bottom; A crushing box (6) is fixed to the top of the mobile frame (1) via supporting legs and is located on the top of the mixing barrel (13), with the two being connected via a connecting pipe (36); A collecting structure comprises a groove (3), a through groove (4), a guide plate (5) and a conveyor belt (9); the groove (3) is provided on the top of the movable frame (1) and connected to the shovel plate (2) through the through groove (4); the guide plate (5) is fixed obliquely to the inner wall of the bottom of the through groove (4); the conveyor belt (9) is connected to the first conveyor roller (7) and the second conveyor roller (8) in a transmission manner and is used to convey the crust in the groove (3) to the crushing box (6); A mixing structure comprising two meshing gears (27), a crushing roller (12) and a stirring shaft (14), wherein the crushing roller (12) is rotatably disposed in the crushing box (6) and is linked to the crushing box (6) via the gear (27), and the stirring shaft (14) is rotatably disposed in the mixing barrel (13); A control structure comprising a sliding groove (28), a driving plate (29) and a fixing rod (30), wherein the driving plate (29) is slidably disposed in the sliding groove (28) and connected to two driving wheels (18) via the fixing rod (30); When the movable frame (1) moves, the driving plate (29) switches the coupling state of the driving wheel (18) and the synchronous wheel through magnetic force, so that the conveyor belt (9) and the crushing roller (12) run alternately.

2. A biological soil crust spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of placement boxes (10) are fixed to the outer wall of the conveyor belt (9), and the volume of the placement boxes (10) is 50-100 cm³, and is used to improve the crust conveying efficiency.

3. A biological soil crust spraying device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The collecting structure further comprises a first synchronous wheel (20), a second synchronous wheel (22) and a synchronous belt, wherein the first synchronous wheel (20) rotates on the second drive shaft (16), the second synchronous wheel (22) is fixed to one end of the second conveying roller (8), and the synchronous belt drives and connects the first synchronous wheel (20) and the second synchronous wheel (22).

4. A biological soil crust spraying device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first magnet (19) and a second magnet (21) are provided between the driving wheel (18) and the first synchronous wheel (20). When the driving wheel (18) approaches the first synchronous wheel (20), the first synchronous wheel (20) is driven to rotate.

5. A biological soil crust spraying device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mixing structure further comprises a third synchronous wheel (23), a fourth synchronous wheel (26) and a double-groove synchronous wheel (25), wherein the third synchronous wheel (23) rotates on the second drive shaft (16), the fourth synchronous wheel (26) is fixed to one end of the crushing roller (12), the double-groove synchronous wheel (25) is fixed to one end of the stirring shaft (14) and is respectively connected to the third synchronous wheel (23) and the fourth synchronous wheel (26) via a synchronous belt, and a third magnet (24) is fixed to the side of the third synchronous wheel (23) close to the adjacent drive wheel (18).

6. A biological soil crust spraying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control structure further includes: The electromagnet (32) and the fourth magnet (33) are fixed to the first vertical plate (31) and the driving plate (29), respectively, and the magnetic repulsion between the two drives the driving plate (29) to move toward the third synchronous wheel (23); The trapezoidal load-bearing block (35) is slidably disposed on the second vertical plate (34), and when its inclined surface contacts the driving plate (29), it pushes the driving plate (29) to move toward the first synchronous wheel (20).

7. A biological soil crust spraying device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The magnetic repulsion force between the electromagnet (32) and the fourth magnet (33) is 15-20N, the weight of the trapezoidal load-bearing block (35) is 2-3kg, and the inclination angle of the inclined surface is 30°-45°.

8. The biological soil crust spraying device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a nozzle (38) and a compressed air pump (39), wherein the nozzle (38) is rotatably connected to the top of the movable frame (1) and communicates with the mixing barrel (13) through a discharge hose (37), and the compressed air pump (39) injects air into the nozzle (38) through an air guide pipe (40) to form a negative pressure to inhale the crust.

9. A biological soil crust spraying device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer wall of the nozzle (38) is provided with an air injection ring (41) and a plurality of inclined holes (42), wherein the angle between the axis of the inclined hole (42) and the axis of the nozzle (38) is 15°-30°, and is used to generate a Venturi effect to adsorb crusting.

10. A biological soil crust spraying device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Two inclined plates (11) are fixed to the inner wall of the crushing box (6), and the angle between the inclined plates (11) and the horizontal plane is 40°-50°, and is used to guide the crust to the bite area of ​​the crushing roller (12).

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