The invention relates to a solid preparation swelling pressure determination device and method. The solid preparation swelling pressure determination device comprises a fixing base, a height adjusting structure, a mold, a probe and a pressure receptor, the probe is matched with the inner diameter of the mold, the mold is fixedly connected with the fixing base through the height adjusting structure, the pressure receptor is fixedly connected with the fixing base, and a water permeable structure is further arranged at the top of the mold, fixedly connected with the mold through a locking structure, formed by a water permeable film and a water permeable gasket or only formed by the water permeable gasket. The solid preparation swelling pressure determination method includes the following steps: (1) selecting the mold and the probe, and measuring the contact area S between a sample and the probe, (2) assembling the sample, (3) conducting zero setting, (4) setting the initial pressure F0, and (5) adding water, conducting zero setting on the pressure receptor, recording displayed numbers F of the pressure receptor at different time points, and calculating the corresponding swelling pressure P according to P=F/S to obtain the t-P curve. The determination device and method are high in sensitivity and easy and convenient to operate, and has the good scientific research and economic value.