The invention discloses a 
viscosity-reducing type polycarboxylic 
acid water reducing agent preparation method, which comprises: (1) preparing an esterification 
monomer; (2) carrying out a copolymerization reaction; and (3) carrying out a 
neutralization reaction. According to the present invention, the 
viscosity-reducing type polycarboxylic 
acid water reducing agent is prepared by co-polymerizing 2-allyloxyethanol, a blend, VPEG, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl 
phosphorylcholine and an unsaturated acid, such that the 
phosphate radical, the 
carboxylate radical, the 
quaternary ammonium salt and the estergroup are introduced into the molecular structure of the 
polymer while the 
polymer structure is lightly cross-linked, wherein the product obtained by the esterification of the single carboxy in 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylicacid prepared by a 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylicacid 
esterification reaction, the product obtained by the esterification of the two carboxy in a small amount of2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylicacid and the product obtained by the esterification of the three carboxy in a small amount of 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylicacid form the blend; and the prepared 
viscosity-reducing type polycarboxylic 
acid water reducing agent has advantages of viscosity reducing, water reducing, 
slump retaining and mud resistance, and can solve the problems of high viscosity, poor workability and rapid loss due to the high mud content in the current concrete raw materials.