164 results about "Hydrogen Sulfate" patented technology

The invention discloses a treatment method of oxadiargyl byproduct etherified salt slag and hydrolysis waste sulfuric acid, which comprises the following steps: comprehensively treating the byproduct etherified salt slag and hydrolysis waste sulfuric acid generated in the production process of oxadiargyl; the method comprises the following steps: converting etherified salt slag and potassium hydrogen sulfate into an isopropyl bromide product capable of being used for producing oxadiargyl and a potassium hydrogen sulfate product capable of being directly sold, dropwise adding hydrolyzed waste sulfuric acid into a mixed solution of etherified salt slag, water and isopropanol, carrying out a reflux reaction, carrying out atmospheric distillation, cooling and filtering to obtain an isopropyl bromide crude product and a potassium hydrogen sulfate crude product; the treatment method is simple and convenient to operate, the treatment difficulty of the etherified salt slag and the hydrolysis waste sulfuric acid can be solved at the same time, the treatment cost is reduced, effective recovery of the etherified salt slag and the hydrolysis waste sulfuric acid is realized, effective components in the two wastes are fully utilized, and the method is suitable for industrial production. The treatment process basically has no secondary pollution, has no special requirements on production equipment, and can be suitable for industrial production.

The invention provides a method for preparing high-purity acrylate by removing trace impurity aldehyde, which comprises the following steps: mixing crude acrylate with a polymerization inhibitor to form an organic phase; adding an aqueous solution of a dealdehyding agent into the organic phase to form an oil-water two-phase system; the oil-water two-phase system is forcibly stirred for 0.1-2.0 hours at the temperature of 20-40 DEG C, so that the impurity aldehyde and the dealdehyding agent are subjected to nucleophilic addition reaction, and a generated aldehyde-dealdehyding agent addition product is dissolved in a water phase; standing and layering the reacted material, separating and removing a water phase to obtain an organic phase without impurities; carrying out reduced pressure rectification on the organic phase after impurity removal to obtain a high-purity acrylate product with the total aldehyde content lower than 50ppm; wherein the aldehyde removing agent is sodium hydrogen sulfite, potassium hydrogen sulfite, calcium hydrogen sulfite, ammonium hydrogen sulfite or a mixture of any two or more of the sodium hydrogen sulfite, the potassium hydrogen sulfite, the calcium hydrogen sulfite and the ammonium hydrogen sulfite. The method is efficient, economical, free of solid deposition and easy for industrial continuous operation.

The invention relates to the technical field of niobium-tantalum-iron ore purification, in particular to a method for preparing high-purity tantalum pentoxide and niobium pentoxide from niobium-tantalum-iron ore. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, adding ammonium fluoride and ammonium sulfate to help mineral decomposition and reduce the roasting temperature, then treating the niobium-tantalum iron ore by using a sulfuric acid-hydrofluoric acid mixed solution to fully dissolve niobium-tantalum oxides, then extracting and separating niobium and tantalum by using a specific solvent system, and finally adding ammonia water to precipitate and calcine to obtain the niobium-tantalum iron ore. The high-purity niobium pentoxide and tantalum pentoxide are prepared, the product yield is high, the impurity content is low, and the niobium pentoxide and tantalum pentoxide are suitable for being used as raw materials of capacitor-grade tantalum powder and niobium powder.

The invention discloses a composite browning liquid for a printed circuit board and a preparation method of the composite browning liquid. The composite browning liquid comprises the following components: 60-85 g / L of 98 wt% concentrated sulfuric acid, 12-20 g / L of 30 wt% hydrogen peroxide, 1-2 g / L of a modified corrosion inhibitor, 8-14 g / L of a silane coupling agent, 1.5-3 g / L of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, 4-8 g / L of an impregnating compound, 5-8 g / L of a dispersing agent and the balance of deionized water. The modified corrosion inhibitor prepared by a specific method, the silane coupling agent, the ionic liquid and the compound surfactant are scientifically compounded, so that the copper surface treatment effect is remarkably improved, and the inherent contradiction between binding force improvement and over-etching prevention of a traditional browning liquid is solved; the browning liquid has the advantages of stable treatment effect, long service life, reduction of waste liquid output and the like, and is suitable for industrial production requirements of high-density printed circuit boards.

The invention provides a preparation method and device of prothioconazole. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out Grignard reaction on o-chlorobenzyl chloride and magnesium powder in a mixed solvent of toluene and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran; the method comprises the following steps: carrying out Grignard addition reaction on a Grignard reagent and 2-chloro-1-(1-chlorocyclopropyl) ethanone; the preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out substitution reaction on 1-chloro-2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(2-chlorphenyl) propanol and hydrazine hydrate in an alcohol solvent; the preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out ring closing reaction on 2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-1-(2-chlorphenyl)-3-hydrazino-2-alcohol, a formaldehyde solution, a sodium thiocyanate solution and a sodium hydrogen sulfate solution; the preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out oxidation reaction on 2-(2-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(2-chlorphenyl)-2-hydroxypropyl)-1, 2, 4-triazolidine-3-thioketone, air and inorganic alkali, so as to obtain prothioconazole. The method can improve the efficiency of the oxidation reaction and the yield and purity of prothioconazole, and is more suitable for industrial production of prothioconazole.

The invention relates to a method for comprehensively recycling a positive electrode material of a waste lithium iron phosphate battery, which comprises the following steps of: (1) discharging the waste lithium iron phosphate battery: providing a power supply by the waste lithium iron phosphate battery, and electrolyzing a lithium precipitation mother solution by using a three-chamber diaphragm electrolytic bath; (2) crushing and sorting; (3) two-stage leaching: leaching the lithium iron phosphate positive electrode powder with a sulfuric acid solution generated by electrolysis of a lithium precipitation mother solution, and adding an aeration disc at the bottom of a reaction kettle for aeration; adding a dilute sulfuric acid solution generated by electrolysis of lithium precipitation mother liquor into first-section leaching residues for leaching; (4) two-stage impurity removal; and (5) preparing lithium carbonate. According to the method, the lithium precipitation mother liquor for the waste lithium iron phosphate battery is discharged to prepare the sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide-lithium hydroxide mixed solution for production, so that residual electricity is utilized, a production reagent is saved, and the problems of high energy consumption, large lithium loss and poor sale of a byproduct sodium sulfate in evaporative crystallization of sodium sulfate are solved; and the aim of circularly and comprehensively utilizing the waste lithium iron phosphate battery is fulfilled.

The invention discloses a phase change microcapsule antibacterial material based on an alkylated chitosan-polystyrene copolymer and a preparation method thereof.The material is composed of a core material and a wall material, the core material is an aliphatic hydrocarbon phase change material, the wall material is the alkylated chitosan-polystyrene copolymer, and the alkylated chitosan-polystyrene copolymer is a mixture of the alkylated chitosan-polystyrene copolymer and the alkylated chitosan-polystyrene copolymer. The outer layer of the wall material is an alkylated chitosan-styrene grafted section, and the inner layer of the wall material is a polystyrene cross-linked section; according to the invention, tert-butyl hydrogen sulfate is designed as an amino protective agent for the first time, and amino protective grafting is carried out on chitosan through a path of'protection-grafting-deprotection 'to synthesize alkylated chitosan (ACS); and preparing the phase-change microcapsule antibacterial material with the ACS-g-PSt material as the wall material by using ACS as an emulsifier and a wall material component at the same time through a microemulsion interfacial polymerization method, so that the application research blank of the chitosan grafting material in the field of phase-change microcapsules is filled; and a new technology and direction are provided for industrial application of the phase change microcapsules in the fields of medical treatment and public health and the like.

The invention discloses a method for treating lithium-containing wastewater generated in an acid leaching carbonization lithium precipitation process, which comprises the following steps of: mixing a carbonization lithium precipitation mother solution generated in a carbonization lithium precipitation section with carbonization lithium precipitation washing water, preheating, evaporating until lithium carbonate is separated out, dehydrating the material to obtain solid lithium carbonate and a secondary lithium mother solution, adding concentrated sulfuric acid into the secondary lithium mother solution, and then adding the concentrated sulfuric acid into the secondary lithium mother solution; then adding sodium hydroxide to alkalescence to obtain sodium-separated raw water, evaporating the sodium-separated raw water until sodium sulfate is separated out, performing solid-liquid separation to obtain solid sodium sulfate and sodium-separated mother liquor, freezing and crystallizing the sodium-separated mother liquor until sodium sulfate crystals are separated out, and separating to obtain sodium sulfate crystals and frozen centrifugal mother liquor. According to the treatment method, secondary output of lithium carbonate in industrial grade and even battery grade product forms can be achieved, sodium sulfate is output in a larger proportion in an anhydrous sodium sulphate product form, and meanwhile consumption of sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide is reduced.

The present application belongs to the technical field of flue gas purification, and discloses a kind of automatic adjusting device of denitration ammonia injection gate, including wind pressure sensing element, pressure regulating opening device, temperature feedforward regulating device on ammonia injection head, according to mechanical mode automatic adjusting ammonia injection gate opening, realize according to flue gas volume automatic adjusting the ammonia injection amount of each ammonia injection gate;Device realizes the automatic control and adjustment of on-site equipment, both meets the national environmental protection to thermal power plant NO x The emission requirement, also reduces the consumption of ammonia injection of power plant, for sulfur-containing coal, reduces the generation of sulfuric acid hydrogen ammonium, avoids the plugging and hardening problem of air preheater, dust collector and tail flue, does not increase flue resistance, does not increase the specific consumption of induced draft fan, and does not cause the problem of unit load limitation.

The application discloses a preparation and by-product recycling process of acesulfame potassium, and belongs to the technical field of food additive production and processing. Amino sulfonic acid is added into N-butyl pyridine hydrogen sulfate ionic liquid and triethylamine in batches to obtain a homogeneous mixed solution; secondly, the mixed solution and diketene are introduced into a micro-channel reactor to perform a condensation reaction; and the discharge liquid is introduced into a polystyrene sulfonic acid resin loaded SO3 fixed bed reactor to perform a cyclization reaction; subsequently, the cyclization product is subjected to hydrolysis, decolorization, potassium salt crystallization and drying to obtain the acesulfame potassium product; and the crystallization mother liquor is separated through a nanofiltration membrane, and the intercepted liquid is an ionic liquid and triethylamine mixture, which is directly reused. The application inhibits the self-polymerization of diketene through the micro-channel reactor, replaces concentrated sulfuric acid with solid acid to avoid waste acid pollution, and realizes efficient recycling of by-products by combining nanofiltration membrane separation and catalytic depolymerization technology, and has the characteristics of green environmental protection and economic efficiency.

The invention discloses a compound fertilizer for Cinnamomum longepaniculatum planting and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizers. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaf residues, the crop straws, the bean dregs and the bone meal are used as raw materials, manganese ions and zinc ions are used as auxiliary materials, and the surfaces of final fertilizer particles are coated with potassium hydrogen acid, so that the finally obtained compound fertilizer can contain a large amount of nutrient substances which can be effectively absorbed by root systems of cinnamomum longepaniculatum, and the effect of improving the yield is achieved. Therefore, the activity of a key enzyme for synthesizing the cinnamomum longepaniculatum oil in the cinnamomum longepaniculatum is activated, the accumulation of the cinnamomum longepaniculatum oil in the leaves is promoted, and the cinnamomum longepaniculatum oil content in the cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaves The coated potassium hydrogen sulfate can release potassium ions and hydrogen sulfate ions, so that the content of potassium in the fertilizer is increased, most importantly, the soil acidity and alkalinity can be adjusted, and a fertilization area is weakly acidic, so that the absorption of the root system of the cinnamomum longepaniculatum on effective substances can be promoted, and the yield of the cinnamomum longepaniculatum is increased. The utilization rate of the fertilizer is increased; meanwhile, the content of the cinnamomum longepaniculatum oil in the cinnamomum longepaniculatum leaves can be

The present application relates to the technical field of catalyst regeneration, and discloses a regeneration method of deactivated denitration catalysts. The regeneration method comprises the following steps: (1) performing at least one heat treatment on the deactivated denitration catalyst monomer; (2) placing the deactivated denitration catalyst monomer after heat treatment in an electrolyte solution for electrochemical treatment, and then performing rinsing; (3) placing the deactivated denitration catalyst monomer after rinsing in a mechanical reinforcement solution and an active component supplement solution in sequence for impregnation; and (4) performing oxidation calcination on the deactivated denitration catalyst monomer after impregnation, and then performing reduction. The method can perform overall regeneration on the deactivated denitration catalysts caused by metal elements such as Fe, Pb, Cu and As, organic matters such as COD, and hydrogen sulfate ammonium type miscellaneous salts, the regenerated denitration catalyst obtained can maintain the integrity of the structure, has higher mechanical strength and catalytic activity, and can be directly put into use.

The invention discloses an anti-blocking treatment system and method for an air preheater. The anti-blocking treatment system comprises an air taking induced draft fan, a first main flue gas pipeline, a second main flue gas pipeline, a flue gas discharging pipeline, a bypass discharging pipeline, a high-temperature air taking pipeline, a flue gas circulating pipeline, a first cold air adjusting pipeline, a second cold air adjusting pipeline, control valves installed on all the pipelines and the like. The boiler hot secondary air recirculation, the flue gas bypass and the induced draft fan are cooperatively adjusted, switching operation of the air preheater between a normal operation state and an off-line cleaning state is rapidly achieved by adjusting and controlling the opening and closing conditions of all valves according to the pressure difference of an inlet and an outlet of the air preheater, and normal operation of the system is not affected; in the off-line cleaning state, the operating temperature of the whole air preheater is increased, ammonium bisulfate attached to the surface of the air preheater is subjected to high-temperature decomposition, the development trend of ammonium bisulfate blockage can be effectively restrained and controlled, and therefore it is guaranteed that unit equipment stably operates for a long time.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a copper foil brightener additive, and belongs to the technical field of synthesis of sulfur-containing organic matters. The preparation method mainly comprises the following steps: by taking ethanolamine hydrochloride as a starting raw material, firstly generating sulfate amino alcohol hydrosalt, then synthesizing and generating an intermediate product by taking carbon disulfide as a sulfur source, carrying out simple spin-drying treatment on the intermediate product, and directly reacting with 1, 2, 3-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanedione to obtain the 1, 2, 3-pentanedione. The target product 3-(thiazoline-2-sulfydryl) sodium propanesulfonate can be obtained by reacting 1, 3-propane sultone at normal temperature for 4 hours. The additive prepared by the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of cheap and easily available raw materials, mild reaction conditions, high yield and the like.

The present invention provides a porous hard carbon negative electrode material and its preparation method and sodium ion battery, relating to the technical field of sodium ion batteries; the preparation method comprises the following steps: a template, a hard carbon precursor, an activator and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole hydrogen sulfate are evenly ground to obtain a mixture; the mixture is heated to 700-900°C in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a carbonized material; the carbonized material is subjected to secondary pore formation to obtain a porous carbonized material; the porous carbonized material is washed and dried, and then immersed in a polyoxometalate sodium salt solution to obtain a soaked material; the soaked material is washed and dried, and the dried material is heated to 1200-1400°C in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain a porous hard carbon negative electrode material. The present invention introduces active sites into the porous carbon material during the carbonization process, and then introduces polyoxometalate sodium salt on the active sites. The polyoxometalate skeleton in the polyoxometalate sodium salt can allow sodium ions to be transmitted in its micropores, thereby improving the gram capacity and coulombic efficiency of the material.

The utility model relates to the technical field of powder packaging, in particular to a powder dredging structure of potassium hydrogen persulfate compound powder filling equipment, which comprises filling pipes arranged at the lower ends of filling barrels and supplementing barrels, and the filling pipes are fixedly connected with the respective filling barrels or supplementing barrels through connecting parts; a scraping plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filling pipe, the top of the scraping plate is arranged in the connecting part, and a driving mechanism is further arranged in the connecting part and used for driving the scraping plate to rotate along the inner wall of the filling pipe. And a scraping plate is arranged in the filling pipe and is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the filling pipe. After filling is completed every time, the scraping plate rotates by a circle along the inner wall of the filling pipe, so that the potassium hydrogen sulfate compound powder remaining on the inner wall of the filling pipe can be effectively scraped off, and the potassium hydrogen sulfate compound powder falls into a potassium hydrogen sulfate compound powder packaging box. Not only is waste avoided, but also the problem of residual potassium hydrogen sulfate compound powder in the filling pipe is effectively solved, and meanwhile, the residual potassium hydrogen sulfate compound powder is prevented from drifting everywhere.

Disclosed is an alkali metal ion conductor which behaves as a liquid at a low temperature. The alkali metal ion conductor of the present disclosure is an alkali metal ion conductor comprising a salt, wherein the salt comprises a first cation, a second cation, and a first anion, the first cation is a tetraalkylammonium ion having an alkyl chain length of 5 or more, the second cation is an alkali metal ion, and the first anion is at least one anion selected from the group consisting of a bromine ion, a chlorine ion, and a hydrogen sulfate ion.

The invention relates to the technical field of superconducting material surface treatment, and particularly discloses an electrochemical polishing solution for a superconducting niobium material and application of the electrochemical polishing solution. The polishing solution is formed by mixing 98wt% of concentrated sulfuric acid, 40wt% of hydrofluoric acid and absolute ethyl alcohol according to the volume ratio of 5: 1: 1. Compared with a traditional 9: 1 binary system, absolute ethyl alcohol is introduced to serve as a key third component, the acid-base ratio is optimized, and a ternary synergistic system is constructed. The absolute ethyl alcohol plays multiple functions of inhibiting pitting corrosion, improving the wettability and mass transfer process, controlling reaction kinetics and the like in a system, and has a synergistic effect with the adjusted acid proportion, so that the problems that pitting corrosion is easy to generate, the surface uniformity is poor and a process window is narrow in a traditional formula are effectively solved. The polishing solution is particularly suitable for carrying out 30-second short-time efficient polishing on the superconducting niobium plate under the condition of 15V direct-current voltage, and a pitting-corrosion-free and low-roughness ultra-smooth surface can be stably obtained.

The application relates to a preparation method of esconazole sulfate. The method comprises realizing esconazole salt type conversion through nanofiltration in the presence of sulfate and / or hydrogen sulfate ions, and obtaining esconazole sulfate of formula I. The esconazole salt type conversion method is short in steps, simple in operation, low in cost, high in purity and yield, and easy to realize industrial production.

The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas denitration, and relates to a NOx partition sampling and measurement control system based on a differential pressure method. Comprising a sampling pipeline system, a flue gas measuring system and a PLC control system, the sampling pipeline system is connected with the flue gas measuring system; the PLC control system is respectively connected with the sampling pipeline system and the flue gas measuring system; the sampling pipeline system comprises a partition sampling mother pipe; one end of the partition sampling mother pipe is communicated with a denitration inlet pipeline, and the other end of the partition sampling mother pipe is communicated with an air pre-heater outlet flue; a plurality of subarea sampling branch pipes are arranged on the subarea sampling mother pipe; the technical problem that downstream equipment ammonium bisulfate ABS is blocked due to uneven distribution of NOx and ammonia escape concentration at an SCR outlet is solved.

The present invention relates to the field of C23G1 / 00, specifically to an environmentally friendly surface cleaner for cold-rolled titanium and titanium alloy plates and a preparation method thereof. The present invention adopts 5-10 parts of modified organic materials, 0.1-1 parts of passivators, 1-3 parts of corrosion inhibitors, 3-8 parts of complexing agents, 10-20 parts of nonionic surfactants, and 50-70 parts of water, and develops a new generation of green, environmentally friendly, excellent in performance, and convenient to use metal surface cleaning new materials through optimized combination. The product is non-toxic and harmless, does not contain heavy metals, toluene, and strong acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrofluoric acid, meets RoHS test requirements, is a green and environmentally friendly product, the entire cleaning process is green and environmentally friendly, no strong acid, no waste acid is generated, no dust, no pollution, meets the national industrial development direction, and the cleaned coil surface is bright, suitable for processing high-end titanium and titanium alloy products.

The present invention belongs to the field of oil production technology, and in particular to a nitrogen foam cement slurry system and its preparation method and application. The preparation method is as follows: 2-aminoethanol hydrogen sulfate, solvent, and 2-bromododecanoic acid are added to the reactor, stirred evenly, heated to reflux, and adjusted and maintained at a pH of 8-9 with sodium hydroxide; vacuum distillation obtains a viscous liquid, which is recrystallized with cyclohexane to obtain a solid, dried, and a foaming agent is obtained; the foaming agent, foam stabilizer, and tap water are stirred evenly in proportion to obtain an aqueous phase; the above-mentioned aqueous phase is added to a foam cement slurry stirring cup, stirred at a low speed in a nitrogen atmosphere, and a strength retainer and G-grade oil well cement are added to obtain a cement slurry; the above-mentioned cement slurry is stirred at a high speed to obtain a nitrogen foam cement slurry system. The nitrogen foam cement slurry system of the present invention has the characteristics of small density difference and high strength.

The invention discloses an S-NPK production system and method.The S-NPK production system comprises an acid mixing tank, a tubular reactor, a neutralizing tank, a granulation drying machine, a classifying screen and a crusher, potassium hydrogen sulfate and phosphoric acid are mixed in the acid mixing tank to prepare mixed acid, the mixed acid reacts with ammonia, then slurry is prepared in the neutralizing tank again, and then the mixed acid reacts with the ammonia to prepare the S-NPK. And spraying the slurry into a granulating and drying machine by using a slurry spray gun for granulating and drying, screening granular materials in the granulating and drying machine, and taking qualified materials after screening as a target product, namely S-NPK. According to the invention, potassium bisulfate with relatively low cost is used for replacing potassium sulfate with high energy consumption, pollution and selling price to produce chlorine-free high-concentration S-NPK, phosphoric acid and slurry do not need to be concentrated, the external return material ratio is low, the nutrient content is complete, the defects of single-nutrient or dual-nutrient fertilizer are overcome, the problem that the fertilizer application requirement of crops is not met is solved, the fertilizer application workload is reduced, the crop yield is increased, and the economic benefit is increased. The fertilizer application effect is improved.

This invention provides a method for recovering lithium from lithium-containing aluminum electrolyte waste, relating to the field of lithium-containing waste resource utilization. The lithium-containing aluminum electrolyte waste is mixed with a calcium-containing substance and roasted. The calcium-containing substance includes a first calcium-containing substance and a second calcium-containing substance. The first calcium-containing substance is at least one selected from calcium sulfate, calcium bisulfate, calcium carbonate, or calcium bicarbonate. The second calcium-containing substance is at least one selected from calcium carbonate, bicarbonate, sulfate, bisulfate, hydroxide, oxide, or chloride. The molar ratio of calcium in the calcium-containing substance to aluminum in the lithium-containing aluminum electrolyte is controlled at 1-4:1. The molar amount of calcium in the carbonate, bicarbonate, sulfate, and bisulfate is 40%-80% of the total molar amount of calcium in the calcium-containing substance. After roasting, the roasted clinker is mixed with an acidic leachate for lithium extraction. This method significantly improves the lithium leaching rate and effectively and selectively recovers high-value lithium from lithium-containing aluminum electrolytes.

The utility model relates to potassium hydrogen sulfate composite powder processing technical field, concretely relates to a kind of potassium hydrogen sulfate composite powder premixing mechanism, including support seat, the potassium hydrogen sulfate composite powder premixing mechanism further includes: cradle is rotationally arranged on the support seat, mixing tank is rotationally arranged in the cradle, the drive part for driving mixing tank autorotation, several helical blades are fixed in the mixing tank inside circumferentially uniformly, and the mixing area is formed by surrounding between adjacent two helical blades.The utility model can autorotate mixing tank under the driving of drive part after raw material is filled and tightened can cover, and cradle is reciprocatingly deflected along mixing tank axial under the driving of reciprocating driving element, so that raw material flows, rolls mixing in mixing tank, greatly weaken the collision, vibration degree in mixing process of raw material, improve mixing effect.

The present invention relates to a carrageenan, comprising sodium ions, wherein the sodium ions are in an amount of 1-10%w / w, or 2-6%w / w based on the carrageenan, wherein when 1%w / w of carrageenan is dissolved in water to form a carrageenan solution, pH of the carrageenan solution is in a range of 5-9, 7-9, or 7.8-9, wherein hydrogen ions, and the sodium ions are combined with sulfuric acid groups of the carrageenan to form carrageenan-sulfuric hydrogen and carrageenan-sulfuric sodium, respectively. The present invention also related to a carrageenan-based gel, comprising the carrageenan discussed, starch, a first salt, glycerine and water.

The present disclosure relates to an improved method to produce hydrofluoric acid from an aqueous sulfuric acid–hydrofluoric acid solution. Aspects of the disclosure are directed to a method where forced circulation under pressure is used to generate a hot liquid stream that is vaporized to produce a hydrofluoric acid vapor–water vapor stream comprising essentially only water and HF. Additionally, there may be a liquid recycle.

This application provides a method for recycling lithium-aluminum-silicon glass waste, relating to the field of solid waste resource utilization. The method includes: mixing lithium-aluminum-silicon glass waste powder with additives, calcining to obtain a calcined material, wherein the additives include sodium and calcium salts, the sodium salt including at least one of sodium sulfate and sodium bisulfate, and the calcium salt including at least one of calcium sulfate and calcium bisulfate. The molar amount of calcium in the additives is more than 0.4 times the molar amount of aluminum in the lithium-aluminum-silicon glass waste, and the molar amount of sodium is more than 0.9 times the molar amount of aluminum in the lithium-aluminum-silicon glass waste. The calcined material is then mixed with a leaching agent for leaching. The lithium-containing leaching solution of this application contains few types and amounts of impurities, and high-purity lithium compounds can be prepared after simple impurity removal treatment. This enables efficient recovery and reuse of valuable elements in low-value lithium-aluminum-silicon glass waste, solving the environmental pollution problem caused by glass waste stockpiling and reducing space occupation.

The invention provides a high-potential potassium hydrogen persulfate substrate modified sheet and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of substrate modified sheets. Comprising the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of potassium hydrogen persulfate composite salt, 2-3 parts of potassium hydrogen sulfate, 2-5 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-3 parts of sodium chloride, 1-3 parts of polyethylene glycol 60001, 1-3 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 1-3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-5 parts of lauryl sodium sulfate, 4-10 parts of sodium metaphosphate and 30-60 parts of sodium sulfate. The invention also provides a method for preparing the high-potential potassium hydrogen persulfate substrate modified sheet. According to the invention, slow dissolution of drugs in a water body is realized through an inclusion technology, active peroxy ions are continuously released, long-acting oxygenolysis of sediment organic matters is ensured, and the continuous demand of an aquaculture environment on sediment improvement is met.

The invention relates to a molecular resist composition and a pattern forming method. The present invention addresses the problem of providing: a molecular resist composition having excellent sensitivity, resolution, and LWR in optical lithography using high-energy rays; and a pattern forming method using the molecular resist composition. The present invention is a molecular resist composition characterized by containing a sulfonium salt represented by the following formula (1) or (2), a salt containing a cation represented by the following formula (1-1) and a halide ion, a nitrate ion, a hydrogen sulfate ion, a bicarbonate ion, a tetraphenylborate ion or an anion represented by any one of the following formulae (1-2)-(1-8), and an organic solvent, and no base polymer is contained.