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2696 results about "Side product" patented technology

Side products are impurities which appear during the reaction as a result of (1) side reactions that can be alternative reaction pathways or (2) further reaction/degradation of the desired product after it has formed. Once we isolate our product, it is likely to contain some impurities, and these can be either byproducts or side products.

ILS sensors for drug detection within vehicles

InactiveUS6067167AExtend drug detectionColor/spectral properties measurementsOn boardSpectroscopy
On-board ILS sensors for detecting illegal drugs and based on intracavity laser spectroscopy (ILS) are provided for detecting the presence of drugs and their metabolized by-product vapors in an enclosed space, such as a vehicle. The sensor comprises: (a) a laser comprising a gain medium having two opposed facets within a laser resonator and functioning as an intracavity spectroscopic device having a first end and a second end, the first end operatively associated with a partially reflecting (i.e., partially transmitting) surface; (b) a reflective or dispersive optical element (e.g., a mirror or a diffraction grating) operatively associated with the second end to define a broadband wavelength laser resonator between the optical element and the first end and to thereby define an external cavity region between at least one facet of the gain medium and either the first end or the second end or both ends; (c) the external cavity region being exposed to air in the enclosed space to enable any drugs or their metabolized by-product molecules to enter thereinto; (d) a detector spaced from the first end; (e) appropriate electronics for measuring and analyzing the detector signal; (f) a housing for containing at least the laser, the partially reflecting surface, and the optical element, the housing being configured to prevent escape of stray radiation into the enclosed space and to permit air from the enclosed space to continuously circulate through the external cavity region for analysis; and (g) means for driving the laser (e.g., electrical or optical). A method is provided for measuring concentration of drug vapors and their metabolized by-product vapors in the vehicle or other enclosed space employing the on-board sensor. The method comprises: (1) sensing any drugs and their metabolized by-product vapors in the enclosed space by the on-board sensor; and (2) providing a signal indicative of presence of any drugs or metabolized vapors.
Owner:INNOVATIVE LASERS

Method of Biomolecule Immobilization On Polymers Using Click-Type Chemistry

The present invention provides a method for the covalent immobilization of biomolecules on polymers for delivery of the biomolecules, which has the advantage of being simple, highly efficient, environmentally friendly and free of side products relative to traditional immobilization techniques. The invention provides a modified micro/nanoparticle system, which uses a functionalized polymer formed into micro or nanoparticles to bind a molecule to the particles using uses facile chemistry, the Diels-Alder cycloaddition between a diene and a dienophile with the polymer being functionalized with one of them and the molecule with the other, or the Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between a terminal alkyne and an azide to bind the molecule to the particle. The molecules and/or other therapeutic agents may be encapsulated within the polymer particles for intravenous therapeutic delivery. The invention also provides a novel synthetic biodegradable polymer, a furan/alkyne-functionalized poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC)-based polymer, whose composition can be designed to meet the defined physical and chemical property requirements. In one example, the particle system self-aggregates from functionalized PTMC-based copolymers containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) segments. The composition of the copolymers can be designed to meet various particle system requirements, including size, thermodynamic stability, surface PEG density, drug encapsulation capacity and biomolecule immobilization capacity.
Owner:SHOICHET MOLLY S +2

Method for continuous production of polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether

The invention provides a method for continuous production of polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: a) feeding dimethoxymethane and hot-melted paraformaldehyde into a fixed bed reactor and adopting an acidic resin catalyst, so as to prepare polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether (DMM3-8), wherein the reaction temperature is 120-180 DEG C and the pressure is 0.1-10 MPa; b) cooling the reaction product, and then performing adsorptive separation through a dehydrating tower, so as to obtain polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether of which most water, cytidine glycol and hemiacetal are desorbed; c) feeding the polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether subjected to desorption into a distillation tower for separation, wherein most of a low-boiling component (dimethoxymethane (DMM)), poly-di-formaldehyde dimethyl ether (DMM2), a by-product (methanol) and triformol are extracted first, and then the materials in a tower kettle are fed into a rectifying tower in the next step, so as to extract the rest of the DMM2 and the triformol; and d) returning the low-boiling component (dimethoxymethane (DMM)), the methanol, the DMM2 and the triformol, which are evaporated out by the distillation tower and the rectifying tower in the last step, into the fixed bed reactor to continue to react to prepare polyformaldehyde dimethyl ether.
Owner:CHINA NAT OFFSHORE OIL CORP +1

Ultrafine lead oxide prepared by using waste lead plaster and preparation method thereof

The invention discloses an ultrafine lead oxide prepared by using a waste lead plaster and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: carrying out desulphurization process by mixing the waste lead plaster with an aqueous solution containing a composite desulfurizer for reaction; carrying out filtration to remove the desulphurization filtering solution to obtain the desulfurated lead plaster (filter residue); carrying out a leaching and crystal transformation process by adding a citric acid solution and a reducing agent into the desulfurated lead plaster obtained in the process, and carrying out filtration, washing, and drying to obtain the lead citrate after the desulfurated lead plaster reacts with the citric acid solution; carrying out a roasting process by roasting the lead citrate to obtain the ultrafine lead oxide. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the ultrafine lead oxide is prepared from the waste lead storage lead plaster; a two-step leaching process is adopted; the filtering solution is simple in ingredient and can be recycled; a side product is recycled from the desulphurization solution. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is low in energy consumption, simple in equipment, high in lead recycling rate, and high in ultrafine lead product quality, and has the characteristics of good resource recycling effect, environmentally-friendly and pollution-free production process, and capability of clean production.
Owner:湖北金洋冶金股份有限公司 +1

Technological method for producing high-purity low-iron aluminum sulfate by using coal ash and comprehensively utilizing coal ash

The invention discloses a technological method for producing high-purity low-iron aluminum sulfate by using coal ash and comprehensively utilizing the coal ash, comprising the following steps of: carrying out mechanical activation, flotation decarburization, magnetic separation for deferrization, aluminum extraction with sulfuric acid, solid-liquid separation, concentration of aluminum sulfate crude liquor, organic alcohol alcoholization for acid rinse, organic alcohol alcoholization for deferrization and aluminum sulfate dewatering and drying on the coal ash to obtain the high-purity low-iron aluminum sulfate with low Fe content. The invention solves the problems on impurity removal and purification of the aluminum sulfate in the recycling process of the coal ash, simplifies the process flow, reduces the energy consumption, solves the technical problem of overlarge accumulation of secondary residue quantity, achieves high extraction ratio of aluminum contained in the coal ash, and realizes the recycling of organic alcohol and sulfuric acid and the comprehensive utilization of side products including unburnt black, magnetic iron powder, iron-containing aluminum sulfate crystals, high-silicon-dust active mineral blending materials or novel silicon-magnesium cement, and the like. The technological method has the advantages of simple process, short flow, easiness for control of a production process, high aluminum extraction ratio, low impurity content of products and stable quality.
Owner:内蒙古昶泰资源循环再生利用科技开发有限责任公司 +2

Recycled flue gas desulfurization and denitration method

The invention relates to a recycled flue gas desulfurization and denitration method, which sequentially comprises the following steps of: introducing flue gas of SO2 and NOx into a desulfurizing tower, and absorbing the SO2 with a desulfurizing agent (barren liquor) in the desulfurizing tower; desorbing the desulfurizing agent (rich liquor) which absorbs the SO2 through a multi-effect evaporator,releasing the SO2 gas, and concentrating the SO2 gas into liquid SO2 through condensation drying; making the desulfurized flue gas enter a denitration tower, injecting gaseous ozone from an ozone generator, oxidizing the NO in the flue gas, absorbing the oxidized NO by using a denitrifier to form nitrate; crystallizing and separating out the nitrate in the solution after the nitrate reaches certain concentration, and filtering and drying to obtain the nitrate product. The method turns the wastes into wealth, and the SO2 and NOx in the flue gas are recycled by higher-additional value liquid SO2 and nitrate products, so that the recycling and value maximization in the desulfurization and denitration process is realized. Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the high desulfurization and denitration rate can be achieved, the desulfurization rate is over 96 percent, the denitration rate is more than 90 percent, and the purity of the nitrate product is over 96 percent. The method hasthe advantages of simple desulfurization and denitration process, low investment, and low operation cost for desulfurization and denitration, and solves the problems that the conventional desulfurization and denitration process has high cost, generates a side product of a mixture of sulfuric acid (sulfate) and nitric acid (nitrate), and has low additional value.
Owner:EAST CHINA UNIV OF SCI & TECH

Metal mask etching of silicon

The present disclosure provides a method for etching trenches, contact vias, or similar features to a depth of 100 mum and greater while permitting control of the etch profile (the shape of the sidewalls surrounding the etched opening). The method requires the use of a metal-comprising masking material in combination with a fluorine-comprising plasma etchant. The byproduct produced by a combination of the metal with reactive fluorine species must be essentially non-volatile under etch process conditions, and sufficiently non-corrosive to features on the substrate being etched, that the substrate remains unharmed by the etch process. Although aluminum is a preferred metal for the metal-comprising mask, other metals can be used for the masking material, so long as they produce an essentially non-volatile, non-corrosive etch byproduct under etch process conditions. By way of example, and not by way of limitation, metallic materials recommended for the mask include aluminum, cadmium, copper, chromium, gallium, indium, iron, magnesium, manganese, nickel, and combinations thereof. In particular, aluminum in combination with copper or magnesium is particularly useful, where the copper or magnesium content is less than about 8% by weight, and other constituents total less than about 2% by weight. The plasma feed gas includes at least one fluorine-containing compound such as nitrogen trifluoride (NF3), carbon tetrafluoride (CF4), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), by way of example and not by way of limitation. Oxygen (O2), or an oxygen-comprising compound, or hydrogen bromide (HBr), or a combination thereof may be added to the plasma feed gases to help provide a protective layer over etched sidewalls, assisting in profile control of the etched feature.
Owner:APPLIED MATERIALS INC

Preparation method, structural feature and application of carrying type nanometer electrocatalyst

The invention relates to a preparation method, a structural feature and an application of a carrying type nanometer electrocatalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: dispersing carriers such as carbon black into a hydrophobic solvent containing a surfactant, wherein the carriers provide supporting functions for supporting active sites for nucleating and growing of nanometer particles and the surfactant provides a template function for controlling the growing of the nanometer particles, and adding water-soluble metal salt and a reducing agent into a mixture having double functions of supporting and a template in a microcosmic reaction environment, so as to obtain the carrying type nanometer electrocatalysts with different carrying capacities; and carrying out washing for a plurality of times under a low temperature (100 DEG C), and effectively removing the surfactant and other side products in products. According to the preparation method, the structural feature and the application of the carrying type nanometer electrocatalyst, the average grain diameter is less than 5nm, and the size distribution is less than 20%; the operation of the method is simple, the reaction is quick, the nanometer electrocatalyst featured with the small average grain diameter, the narrow size distribution and high metal carrying capacity (50 Wt%) can be prepared, and the amplifying and the synthesizing are easy; and the prepared carrying type nanometer electrocatalyst can be applied to proton exchange membrane fuel cells.
Owner:DALIAN INST OF CHEM PHYSICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI

Process for recovering aluminum ions and sulfuric acid from aluminum alloy anodic oxidation tank

ActiveCN103911651AAchieve recyclingEliminate hidden dangers of production stoppageAnodisationCellsAluminum IonEconomic benefits
The invention aims at the chemical engineering field, relates to a treatment process of an aluminum alloy anodic oxidation waste liquid and specifically relates to a process for recovering aluminum ions and sulfuric acid from an aluminum alloy anodic oxidation tank. The process comprises a step of circularly cooling an oxidation liquid, a step of crystalizing aluminum ions and recovering side-products, a step of recovering a sulfuric acid oxidization liquid, a step of air agitation and a step of defrosting an exchanger. The invention provides a brand-new treatment process which is capable of completely recovering the aluminum ions in the anodic oxidation waste liquid by virtue of crystallization treatment and realizing circulating utilization of a crystallization mother liquor, and therefore, the treatment process can be used for realizing turning waste into wealth and changing from passive to active; in addition, the aluminum ion concentration working range of the oxidation tank liquid is reduced to the optimal range of 3-10g/L from 10-20g/L for the first time, and therefore, the structure of an aluminum alloy oxide film is optimized, the resistance of the tank liquid is reduced and oxidization energy conservation is realized. The process is a comprehensive circulating process which is reasonable in design, and consequently, the production cost of an aluminum processing enterprise is reduced and remarkable economic benefit can be achieved.
Owner:FOSHAN SANSHUI XIONGYING INNOVATION CENT FOR ALUMINUM SURFACE TECH
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