250results about "Working-up tar" patented technology

This invention relates to a novel method for economically processing vacuum residue from heavy crude oils by selectively processing the difficult and easy components in reactors whose design and operating conditions are optimized for the specific feed. The process utilizes an integrated solvent deasphalting (SDA)/ebullated-bed design wherein the heavy vacuum residue feedstock is initially sent to an SDA unit operated with C₄/C₅ solvent to achieve a high deasphalted oil (DAO) yield. The resulting SDA products, namely asphaltenes and DAO are separately treated in ebullated-bed reactor(s) systems whose design and operating conditions are optimized for a particular feedstock. The resulting net conversion, associated distillate yield and product qualities are greatly improved relative to treatment of the entire residue feedstock in a common ebullated-bed reactor system.

This invention relates to a novel integrated method for economically processing vacuum residue from heavy crude oils. This is accomplished by utilizing a solvent deasphalter (SDA) in the first step of the process with a C₃/C₄/C₅ solvent such that the DAO product can thereafter be processed in a classic fixed-bed hydrotreater or hydrocracker. The SDA feed also includes recycled stripper bottoms containing unconverted residue/asphaltenes from a downstream steam stripper unit. The asphaltenes from the SDA are sent to an ebullated-bed reactor for conversion of the residue and asphaltenes. Residue conversion in the range of 60-80% is achieved and asphaltene conversion is in the range of 50-70%. The overall residue conversion, with the DAO product considered non-residue, is in the range of 80 W %-90 W % and significantly higher than could be achieved without utilizing the present invention.

The invention discloses a three-fluidized-bed solid heat carrier coal pyrolysis, gasification and combustion cascade utilization method. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing coal and high temperature circulating ash serving as a solid heat carrier in a fluidized bed pyrolysis furnace, pyrolyzing to separate out volatile, cooling and separating the volatile to obtain tar and pyrolysis gas, conveying pyrolysis semi-coke generated by pyrolyzing the coal to a fluidized bed gasification furnace, performing gasification reaction by using water vapor and O2 as gasification agents to prepare synthesis gas, conveying the semi-coke which is incompletely gasified in the gasification furnace to a circulating fluidized bed combustion furnace, blowing air for the conventional combustion or blowing O2/CO2 for oxygen-enriched combustion, heating the circulating ash serving as the solid heat carrier, and producing gasification agent vapor required by the gasification furnace by using high temperature flue gas generated by combustion. The method has the advantages that: the tar, the pyrolysis gas and the synthesis gas are co-produced through coal pyrolysis, gasification and combustion cascade utilization, the gasification condition of the semi-coke is reduced, and good economic benefits and social benefits are achieved.

The invention provides a sludge or organic garbage high-low temperature coupling themolysis method which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: step I: the sludge or organic garbage is fed in a low temperature drying depolymerizing furnace; material with partial carbonization is used as raw material of soil organic fertilizer; step II: the material with partial carbonization, generated in pyrolysis, is fed into a middle temperature carbonizing furnace for carrying out carbonization; the obtained bio-organic carbon is used as raw material of soil organic fertilizer or soil conditioner; step III: the material with partial carbonization, bio-organic carbon and one or more than two mixtures of the sludge, straws or organic garbage are fed in a high-temperature pyrolysis furnace for gasification; step IV: fixed carbon remained in a high-temperature depolymerizing furnace after aerogenesis is fed in a high-temperature sub-fusion activated device, and then oxygen-enriched air enters in, and then liquid in a regulating solution storage tank is prayed in for regulation, and then, compound charcoal is obtained after being cooled. The method has high efficiency, simple steps and diversified products.

The invention discloses a predisposing method of coal tar, which comprises the following steps: blending coal tar and fraction oil and aromatic hydrocarbon; extracting; removing most of impurity from coal tar; fitting for deep manufacturing of liquefied oil and shale oil.

A chemical composition of matter comprising a wax plasticizing agent (plasticizer) tributoxyethyl phosphate, a mixture of selected long chain fatty acids (preferably C₁₀ to C₂₂), and a mixture of selected low-surface tension surfactants, which when added in solution to crude oil or refined products has been shown to lower both the B.S. & W. (rag layer) and the coefficient of friction of crude oils and refined products. This chemical composition of matter is particularly useful as a wax liquefaction, dispersant, and solubilization agent for asphaltene and paraffins in crude oil and refined products. The reduction in the co-efficient of friction resulting from the addition of this product to crude oil will allow crude oil to pump through pipelines with a minimum amount of resistance due to friction (drag).

The invention provides a lubricating base oil with a saturated component content of 90% by mass or greater, a proportion of cyclic saturated components of no greater than 40% by mass of the saturated components, a viscosity index of 110 or greater, an aniline point of 106 or greater and an ε-methylene proportion of 14-20% of the total constituent carbons, as well as a lubricating oil composition comprising the lubricating base oil.

In the invention, tar is upgraded by deasphalting and then hydrocracking to produce valuable products such as low sulfur diesel fuel and mogas. The invention is also directed to a system integrating a pyrolysis furnace operation with refinery operations.

The invention discloses a process for dust removing, cooling and tar oil recovering of pyrolysis coal gas. The process adopts an overheater, a high-temperature dust remover, an accident quench tower, a waste heat recovering boiler, an indirect cooling device and an electrical tar precipitator which are connected in sequence, and comprises the following steps: pyrolysis coal gas is fed into the overheater to be cooled to 400-700 DEG C, fed into the high-temperature dust remover to be subjected to dust removing, fed into the waste heat recovering boiler to be cooled to 50-100 DEG C and condensed to separate out water and tar oil, fed into the indirect cooling device to be cooled to 10-30 DEG C and further condensed to separate out water and tar oil, and finally fed into the electrical tar precipitator, so that the carried tar oil mist and water mist are recovered. According to the process, dust particles in the coal gas are removed by high-performance dust removing equipment before condensing of tar oil, so as to prevent tar oil and dust separated out through condensation in the coal gas cooling process from being mixed together, improve the quality of tar oil and avoid the problems of equipment blockage and high dust content of tar oil.

The invention relates to wax-based opacifier preparations containing (a) at least one amphoteric surfactant, (b) at least one fatty acid partial glyceride, (c) at least one fatty acid polyglycol ester and optionally (d) a polyol, with the proviso that the ratio by weight of (a) to (b) is between 10:1 and 4:1 and the ratio by weight of (b) to (c) is between 1:1 and 5:1 and the preparations are free from anionic surfactants.

The invention provides an omnibearing coproduction system and method by utilizing coal grading. A standby coal system is respectively connected with a lump coal pyrolysis system and a pea coal pyrolysis system; a gasification system uses air as an input, semicoke generated by the pea coal pyrolysis system as a raw material, and generated gasified coal gas as a heat carrier of the lump coal pyrolysis system; lump coal pyrolysis oil gas generated by the lump coal pyrolysis system is used as a heat carrier of the pea coal pyrolysis system, part of generated lump coke is output as metallurgical coke, and the rest lump coke is used as a raw material for preparing carbide; pyrolysis coal gas generated by the pea coal pyrolysis system enters a crude gas treatment system, generated pyrolysis tar is used for hydrogenation grading, and generated semicoke is respectively used as semicoke for power generation and semicoke for gasification; and the crude gas treatment system uses pyrolysis coal gas generated by the pea coal pyrolysis system as a raw material, generated recovery waste heat is applied to a waste heat boiler of a power generation system, and generated carbon dioxide enters a carbon dioxide displaced coal gas system.

The invention discloses a coal tar hydrogenation processing method. The method of the invention comprises the steps that coal tar distillated oil or a full distillating pump with high content of impurities, colloid, asphaltene and oxygen elements is fed into a pre-hydrogenating reactor, the hydrogenation pre-treatment is performed under a certain reaction condition, the tiny impurities suspending in oil are separated through a separating device such as a filter and the like, then hydrogenating demetalization and deep hydrogenation refined reaction are performed in sequence, after water and light component are separated, and the material flow generated by the reaction enters into the hydrocracking reactor, thus gasoline fraction, diesel oil and hydrocracking tail oil are cut through a distilling device. Compared with the prior art, the method of the invention can ensure the device of long period of stable operation.

A cost-effective solution is provided for eliminating refinery process waste, including spent catalytic and non-catalytic adsorbent materials, as well as adsorbate process reject materials derived from desorption, while minimizing conventional waste handling demands. An asphalt composition includes asphalt and spent adsorbent material from a solvent deasphalting unit. The asphalt can comprise asphaltic material obtained from a solvent deasphalting unit, and spent adsorbent material in the asphalt composition was previously utilized in the solvent deasphalting unit. The asphalt composition can also include process reject materials.

A method of transporting heavy hydrocarbons can include blending a kerogen oil with a bitumen to form a blended oil sufficient to render the blended oil transportable through an extended pipeline. The blended oil can be substantially free of additional diluents or viscosity modifiers and can be readily pumped through the extended pipeline from a source location to a destination location.

This invention provides a method for hydrogenating coal tar. The method comprises: (1) filtering coal tar to remove solid particles with sizes larger than 25 mum; (2) dehydrating to prevent water from damaging the hydrogenation catalyst; (3) dedusting to remove solid particles with sizes smaller than 25 mum; (4) catalytically hydrogenating in a hydrogenation device to obtain gas-phase and liquid-phase products; (5) sending the liquid-phase products into a fractionation column, and fractionating to obtain gasoline, diesel oil and trail oil fractions. The method can realize all fractions hydrogenation of coal tar.

A process and apparatus is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbon feed into lighter hydrocarbon products. The heavy hydrocarbon feed is slurried with a particulate solid material to form a heavy hydrocarbon slurry and hydrocracked in a slurry hydrocracking unit to produce vacuum gas oil (VGO) and pitch. A first vacuum column separates VGO from pitch, and a second vacuum column further separates VGO from pitch. As much as 15 wt-% of VGO can be recovered by the second vacuum column and recycled to the slurry hydrocracking unit. A pitch composition is obtained which can be made into particles and transported without sticking together.

The invention relates to a pyrolysis and combustion coupled circular reaction method and device. The method and the device are used for converting fine-grained carbon containing materials such as coal, biomasses and oil shale into oil, gas, heat and other products through fast pyrolysis and combustion. The device mainly comprises a fluidized-bed combustion chamber, a pyrolysis chamber and a solid circulation system. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the pyrolysis and combustion coupling process is shortened due to the integration of the structures and the functions of the pyrolysis and the combustion, and the device is compact in structure, has high degree of integration and high thermal efficiency and occupies a small floor area. The pyrolysis reaction can be carried out by both a high-temperature wall surface or heat-conducting component obtained by combusting semicoke in the fluidized-bed combustion chamber and a solid heat carrier, thus the pyrolysis capacity, the equipment production capacity and the oil, gas and heat recovery rate can be improved.

Provided are a method and device for preparing active carbon and byproducts of combustion gas and tar through conversion of coal in supercritical water. In the method, by utilization of characteristics of high extraction solubility and extremely strong mass and heat transferring performances of a supercritical water high-pressure environment, coal is employed as a raw material to prepare active carbon, high-heating-value gas and tar, and a technology for integration of pyrolysis, gasification and extraction of coal by utilization of supercritical water is achieved. A vertical supercritical water reactor is employed and a catalytic reactor is matched. The supercritical water reactor is mainly aimed to the extraction process and the gasification process, and the matched catalytic reactor is aimed to the methanation process. The method and device have advantages of high thermal efficiency and good economical efficiency.

Slurry hydrocracking a heavy hydrocarbon feed produces a HVGO stream and a pitch stream. At least a portion of the pitch stream is subjected to SDA to prepare a DAO stream low in metals. The DAO is blended with at least a portion of the HVGO stream to provide turbine or marine fuel with acceptable properties for combustion in gas turbines or for marine fuel grades.

The invention provides a pyrolysis gasification coupling integrated poly-generation system and process for the coal chemical industry. The system comprises a coal preparation unit, a pyrolysis-gasification coupling system A and a poly-generation system B, wherein the poly-generation system B comprises a purified gas separation unit connected with the purified gas outlet of the pyrolysis unit, a purified tar separation unit connected with the purified tar outlet of the pyrolysis unit, and a chemical product synthesis unit and an IGCC (Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle) unit which are respectively connected with purified gasification gas outlet of the gasification unit; and the purified tar separation unit is sequentially connected with a coal tar hydrofining unit and an oil product separation unit. The pyrolysis gasification coupling integrated poly-generation system and process can be used for organically combining coal pyrolysis gasification and the production process of oil, gas, chemicals, electricity and heat to realize integration of material conversion and energy conversion, maximize classified utilization, value promotion, utilization efficiency and economical benefit of coal resources, and improve the energy utilization efficiency.