164results about How to "Fast pyrolysis" patented technology

The present invention is to provide a method for carbonification of crop straws and a device thereof. Pyrolysis process is controlled by regulating the feeding of oxygen during said pyrolysis process, and pyrolysis and carbonification are respectively conducted in separate pyrolysis and carbonification pools, wherein the straws are pyrolyzed in said pyrolysis pool and entered into said carbonification pool to be carbonified. The present invention can quickly raise the temperature of the pyrolysis process, shorten the time of the pyrolysis process, and improve the pyrolysis carbonification efficiency.

A multi-stage method and apparatus for producing methane from biomass in which the biomass is hydropyrolyzed in a reactor vessel containing molecular hydrogen and a deoxygenating catalyst, the output of which is hydrogenated using a hydroconversion catalyst. The output from the hydroconversion step is provided to a water-gas-shift process providing a mixture of H₂O and product gases including CO₂, H₂, and methane. The mixture components are separated, resulting in a product stream comprising substantially only methane.

The invention provides a preparation method for hydrogen-rich gas through steam gasification of a solid organic matter. The method comprises the following steps: heating the raw material--the solid organic matter in a pyrolysis apparatus for pyrolysis; and subjecting a gaseous product produced after pyrolysis and steam to gasification in a moving bed gasification apparatus so as to produce the hydrogen-rich gas. The invention further provides a system for preparing the hydrogen-rich gas from the solid organic matter. The system comprises a solid thermal carrier gradient deduster, the pyrolysis apparatus, the moving bed gasification apparatus and a riser combustion reactor. The method provided by the invention is implemented at normal pressure, has simple process and is applicable to gasification and co-gasification of a variety of organic matters with high content of volatile components, including raw materials with high content of moisture, mineral matters and sulfur.

The present invention relates to the method of extracting hydrogen from biomass, and is especially the solid heat carrier catalyzing and gasifying method of preparing hydrogen-rich gas from biomass.The method includes mixed heating of solid heat carrier catalyst and biomass, fast thermolysis of biomass, catalytic gasifying and regeneration circulation of solid catalyst grain. The catalyst as solid heat carrier has accumulated heat for gasifying biomass. The technological apparatus consists of mobile bed reactor, material feeder, regenerating riser tube, catalyst storage tank, etc. The present invention makes the hydrogen in biomass converted into hydrogen gas at most, and the continuous switch-less regeneration of catalyst solves the problem of fast deactivation of catalyst. The present invention has low tar content, simple operation and high gas product purity, and is new technological process with great potential.

The invention relates to a fast pyrolytic test device, which consists of a tubular electric heating furnace (6), an object carrying frame (11), a temperature test and control opening (8), a reaction tube (4), an air inlet opening (1) and an oil air outlet opening (9). The invention is characterized in that the air inlet opening (1) is arranged at the upper part of the reaction tube (4), the top of the reaction tube (4) is provided with an adjustable sealing element (3), a stainless steel rod (5) is arranged in the reaction tube (4), the top end of the stainless steel rod (5) is connected with the adjustable sealing element (3), the lower end of the stainless steel rod (5) is connected with a sample hanging basket (7), the middle lower part of the reaction tube (4) is positioned inside the tubular electric heating furnace (6), the bottom of the reaction tube (4) is provided with the temperature test and control opening (8) and the conical oil air outlet opening (9), the conical oil air outlet opening (9) is connected with an oil air outlet tube (12), and the tubular electric heating furnace (6) is positioned on the object carrying frame (11). The invention has the advantages of high performance price ratio, simple and convenient operation, simple structure and low equipment cost, can realize slow temperature rise and fast pyrolysis under the condition of simulated work conditions, can realize fast cooling, and can accurately measure the tar amount generated by the pyrolysis.

The invention belongs to the technical field of brown coal quality improving, and relates to a large-scale brown coal quality-improving process and a large-scale brown coal quality-improving apparatus. According to the invention, an interrelated large-scale continuous brown coal quality-improving system is composed of three modules which are a tunnel internal-heat drying module, an external-heating microwave destructive distillation module, and a powdery brown coal molding and drying module. Because of large-amount water discharging, a brown coal block large-capillary framework is collapsed, so that the brown coal is naturally broken into small blocks and powder without mechanical disruption. The small-block brown coal is subjected to destructive distillation under high-temperature hot wind external heating and microwave coupling, until the blocks turn into semi-coke; water-containing coal gas, water-containing coal tar, anhydrous gas, and anhydrous coal tar are respectively obtained by destructive distillation. With a binder of the water-containing coal tar and coal tar pitch (one or a mixture thereof), the powdery brown coal is subjected to kneading and aging; the material is processed into granules by using a vacuum extrusion granulator; and the particles are processed by using a low-temperature microwave drying device, so that high-quality brown coal particles with high strength, low moisture absorption, and high heat value are obtained. The brown coal particles can endure long-distance transportation.

The invention discloses a method for carbonizing low-temperature coal of low metamorphic coal. The method adopts a microwave generation device as a heating source with the frequency of microwave of between 0.3 and 300 GHz; and the low metamorphic coal is heated to the a temperature of between 300 and 800 DEG C and is subjected to low-temperature carbonization to generate semi-coke, tar and coal gas. The method selects coal with shallow metamorphic degree as a raw material, utilizes a microwave radiation type heating mode to rapidly and selectively heat a coal material, depends on the dielectric property of the coal material to convert microwave energy and produce heat, utilizes the function of microwave activated molecules and achieves the aim of rapidly pyrolyzing the low metamorphic coal, thereby obtaining the semi-coke, tar and the low-temperature carbonization coal gas. The method has rapid coal pyrolyzing speed, can effectively improve the content of valuable compositions in the carbonation coal gas and is favorable for effective and comprehensive reclaiming of the coal gas.

The invention provides a fluidized bed low-temperature destructive distillation system and a low-temperature destructive distillation method of low-rank coal. According to the method, a mixed gas of hot coal gas produced by a gasification furnace and circulation cold coal gas is adopted as a hot carrier and a fluidizing gas of a destructive distillation reaction. A hydrogen atmosphere of coal gas can provide a partial hydrogenation effect, such that obtained tar has the advantages of high light component content, good quality, high thermal efficiency, and high yield. Also, with the method, a two-stage low-temperature destructive distillation reactor is adopted, such that the retention time of solid particles in the reactor is increased, destructive distillation effect is improved, high solid content in the bed can be maintained, and operation stability can be maintained. The invention also provides a low-temperature destructive distillation reactor. The low-temperature destructive distillation reactor is the two-stage low-temperature destructive distillation reactor, such that the retention time of solid particles in the reactor is increased, and destructive distillation effect is improved. With the two-stage low-temperature destructive distillation reactor, high solid content in the bed can be maintained, and operation stability can be maintained.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass energy utilization, and particularly relates to a biomass quick catalytic pyrolysis device and method. The device comprises a hopper, a feed system, a revolving bed pyrolysis reactor, a gas-solid separation system, a pyrolysis gas condensation system, a flammable gas storage tank, a liquid collecting box, a solid coke collecting box, a burning system and a gas carrying and heat exchanging system, wherein the revolving bed pyrolysis reactor is composed of a revolving bed body, an airtight shell, a heat exchanging flue passage, a drive system, a spherical carrier and the like. After pretreatment, biomass particles enter into the revolving bed body and are subjected to quick catalytic pyrolysis under the effect of a catalyst, and generated pyrolysis gas is subjected to quick condensation to obtain certain bio-oil; non-condensing flammable gas and coke are collected and are used for burning and heat supply to achieve self-heating pyrolysis. The device can prepare high-grade liquid fuel or bio-oil containing rich high value-added chemicals by adjusting reaction working conditions and catalyst types.

The present invention relates to a method for pretreating lignocellulosic biomass containing alkali and/or alkaline earth metal (AAEM). The method comprises providing a lignocellulosic biomass containing AAEM; determining the amount of the AAEM present in the lignocellulosic biomass; identifying, based on said determining, the amount of a mineral acid sufficient to completely convert the AAEM in the lignocellulosic biomass to thermally-stable, catalytically-inert salts; and treating the lignocellulosic biomass with the identified amount of the mineral acid, wherein the treated lignocellulosic biomass contains thermally-stable, catalytically inert AAEM salts.

The invention discloses a garbage drying and pyrolyzing method. The method comprises the following steps that pyrolytic garbage is poured into a feeding hopper, the garbage enters an extrusion cylinder, a driving motor is started to drive an extrusion rotating shaft to rotate, the garbage moves rightwards under the action of a spiral blade, the garbage is extruded through the inner wall of the extrusion cylinder to discharge water, sewage drips into a sewage tank and is discharged from a sewage outlet, and the garbage enters a crushing box from a first discharging opening; a crushing motor isstarted to drive a first crushing shaft and a second crushing shaft to rotate, crushing blades on the crushing shafts crush the garbage, and the crushed garbage enters a drying box; and a first heating plate, a second heating plate and a fan are started to dry the garbage in the drying box, generated gas enters a dust removal water tank from an exhaust pipe, an electric valve at the bottom of thedrying box is opened, and the dried garbage is discharged into a pyrolyzing furnace. According to the method, the moisture content in the garbage is greatly reduced, the pyrolysis speed of the garbagein the pyrolyzing furnace is increased, residues are reduced, and generated gas does not contain a large amount of incineration particles.

The invention provides a micro double-bed solid fuel decoupling combustion reaction dynamic analyzer which comprises a fuel pyrolytic reaction generation device, a residual coke combustion reaction generation device, a double-bed high-temperature coupling device, a gas path device and an analysis test device, wherein solid fuel is firstly pyrolyzed under an inert atmosphere in a micro gas flow bed; then residual cokes enter the micro gas flow bed for combustion test under an air atmosphere; a quick gas detector is used for judging a reaction mechanism by measuring a generation sequence and a generation quantity characteristic of gas components in a fuel pyrolysis process and a coke combustion process, so that reaction dynamic parameters can be calculated. According to the micro double-bed solid fuel decoupling combustion reaction dynamic analyzer, the combustion dynamic parameters of the solid fuel can be tested through direct decoupling combustion through independent and quick switching of the atmospheres and the temperature; the pyrolyzed residual cokes are directly subjected to the combustion test without a cooling process; the temperature rising rates of the gas flow bed and a fluidized bed are high, so that a combustion condition in an actual boiler can be well simulated; the measured reaction dynamic parameters are close to intrinsic reaction dynamic parameters.

The present invention discloses a rapid rice husk pyrolysis apparatus. According to the rapid rice husk pyrolysis apparatus, the main body of a reactor is a stainless steel housing, the upper portion is tightly provided with an vacuum material feeder through a material inlet on the upper end, the lower portion, a screw conveyor and two pneumatic gate valves maintain the reactor and outside air isolation state through a material outlet, multiple groups of molten salt heaters are vertically and densely arranged inside the reactor, a fuel gas outlet is arranged above the right side of the main body, the external is connected to a vacuum pump, a condenser and a filter, and separated combustible gas enters a combustor to combust so as to heat high temperature molten salt adopted as a thermal carrier, such that the energy self-sufficiency can be achieved. With the apparatus of the present invention, the rapid rice husk pyrolysis at the temperature of 450-650 DEG C under the total pressure of 5-15 kPa can be achieved, the natural nanometer structure of the silica inside the rice husk is not damaged, and the complete oxidation of the subsequent combustion oxidation unit impurity carbon is easily achieved.

The invention relates to a solid wastes sludge processing method, especially relates to microwave radiation sludge making biology diesel oil. The feature is that it directly sends the microwave energy to the sludge to take rapid pyrolysis to gain quality oil constituent that would be used as biology diesel oil. The invention has rapid speed, high efficiency, energy saving, and low cost.

The invention provides a method for producing a liquid fuel by heating solid organic matter materials with solid thermal carriers as heating media. The method comprises the steps of heating the solid organic matter materials with a first part of solid thermal carriers as a heating medium to perform pyrolysis on the materials so as to obtain a liquid fuel, and capturing dust in gaseous products produced from pyrolysis by adopting a second part of the solid thermal carriers. The invention also provides a corresponding system. The system comprises a pyrolysis reactor and a movable particle layer filtering and dust cleaning device. Compared with a traditional rapid pyrolysis method based on a solid thermal carrier heating technology, in which solid thermal carriers are taken as a single heating medium, the method provided by the invention is characterized in that circulating solid thermal carrier particles have dual functions, and are taken as the heating media to perform rapid pyrolysis on the solid organic matter materials and also as a filter material for particle layer filtration to capture the dust in the gaseous products subjected to pyrolysis.

The invention discloses a microwave oven device for pyrolysis and a pyrolysis method thereof. The microwave oven device comprises a microwave oven body and a reaction cavity formed outside the oven body. A closed end cover is arranged on the top of the reaction cavity. Four side face air inlets are distributed in the circumferential wall of the reaction cavity. Four bottom air inlets are formed in the bottom of the reaction cavity. An electric heating device is arranged on the peripheral wall of the reaction cavity. The reaction cavity is connected with the oven body through a movable connecting rod support. According to the requirement of materials to be pyrolyzed, the number of the side face air inlets or the bottom air inlets is selected, a stop button and a start button are pressed, and after a machine body is operated, the upper limit and lower limit of the temperature and power are set. The reaction time is set according to requirements, and after setting is finished, an electric heating button is pressed to insulate the reaction cavity, and when the actually-measured temperature of a thermocouple reaches 300 DEG C, a microwave button is pressed, and whether the stirring function is started or not is selected according to experiment requirements. After pyrolysis of the materials is finished, a microwave oven is automatically stopped.

The invention discloses a method for quickly producing coke through microwave heating, which adopts a microwave generator as a heating heat source, wherein the microwave frequency is between 300 and 300,000 MHz, and the coals for coking are heated to a temperature of between 900 and 1,100 DEG C to perform high temperature carbonization so as to generate the coke, coal tar and coal gas. The coal charges processed by the method can raise the temperature to the temperature range required by the coking in a short time under the action of microwaves, and the volatile components in the coal charges can be sufficiently pyrolyzed to finally generate the coke, the coal tar and the coal gas. The method can be applied to the pyrolytic process of coking coal and the processes of extracting the coal tar and the coal gas through coal pretreatment, preheating coking coal or preparing formed coke and the like in electric power plants, and has the characteristics of short flow, short cycle, high efficiency, stable product quality, and high resource comprehensive utilization rate.

The invention discloses a poly-generation utilization method based on collaborative microwave pyrolysis of seaweeds and aquatic invasive plants. The method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting seaweeds and aquatic invasive plants, drying, cutting or crushing and then sieving; feeding to a microwave pyrolysis device, mixing, stirring and adjusting micro-wave power to evaporate moisture; (2) after the moisture is evaporated, stopping a mixing and stirring device, carrying out microwave high-temperature pyrolysis treatment for 10-20 minutes at 450-600DEG C under the conditions that the microwave irradiation frequency is 2450MHz and the power is 0-750W and continuously adjustable; and (3) cooling mixed oil and gas generated by microwave pyrolysis and then feeding to a separating device, wherein the separating device separates the mixed oil and gas into bio-oil, combustible gas and fly ash, the yield of the bio-oil is 30%-60%; the recovery rate of combustible gas is 10%-20%; the coke yield is 30%-50%, and three-phase poly-generation of the bio-oil, the combustible gas and the fly ash is achieved.

The invention brings forward a preparation method for a rare earth oxide through jetting low-temperature rapid pyrolysis of a rare earth chloride solution. The method comprises the following steps: (1) combusting combustion gas and O2 according to certain flow so as to form high temperature mixed tail gas which is used as a heat source and a working fluid for a pyrolytic reaction; (2) allowing the rare earth chloride solution to enter into a jet device and be heated by the high temperature mixed tail gas so as to realize gasification and form tiny bubbles in dispersed distribution and carrying out the pyrolytic reaction so as to obtain rare earth oxide powder and high temperature pyrolysis tail gas containing HCl gas; and (3) introducing a gas-solid mixture of the rare earth oxide powder and the pyrolysis tail gas obtained after pyrolysis into a cyclone separator, carrying out gas-solid separation so as to obtain the rare earth oxide powder, introducing the pyrolysis tail gas into an absorbing tower for absorption by an absorbent so as to obtain a hydrochloric acid solution and totally discharging residual purified tail gas. The method can substantially reinforce mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency, reduces pyrolysis energy consumption and enables the rare earth chloride solution to be rapidly pyrolyzed; and the obtained rare earth oxide powder has small granularity, uniform particle distribution and high purity.