2509 results about "Alkaline catalyst" patented technology

An integrated process is described for producing biodiesel from oleaginous seeds, preferably castor bean seeds. The inventive process includes a transesterification reaction where the seeds themselves react with anhydrous ethyl alcohol in the presence of an alkaline catalyst. The resulting ethyl esters are then separated by decantation and neutralized and used as fuel for diesel engines, co-solvents for diesel and gasoline mixtures with anhydrous or hydrated ethyl alcohol. The solid fractions may be used as fertilizers, for feeding cattle and as a raw material for producing ethyl alcohol.

A method for preparing carbon aerogels and carbon aerogels obtained therefrom are disclosed. The method for preparing carbon aerogels comprises: mixing organic starting materials including phloroglucinol and furfural with a solvent capable of dissolving the organic materials in a predetermined ratio to form a sol solution; adjusting pH of the sol solution adequately by using an acidic or basic catalyst, gelling the sol solution at room temperature under atmospheric pressure, and aging the resultant gels; substituting the solvent in thus obtained gels with liquid carbon dioxide, followed by drying in a supercritical state, to form organic aerogels; and pyrolyzing the organic aerogels in an electric furnace under inert atmosphere to obtain carbon aerogels. Particularly, the gels are formed at room temperature in a short period of time by adequately adjusting pH of the sol solution. Therefore, the method provides improved time efficiency and energy efficiency as compared to existing methods for preparing gels. Additionally, the method allows supercritical drying while avoiding a need for an additional solvent substitution, thereby simplifying the overall process. Further, the method enables preparation of carbon aerogels for supercapacitors having a high specific surface area and high capacitance even in the absence of additional activation step.

A composition for film formation capable of forming a silica-based coating film having low water absorption and dielectric constant of 2.1 or lower and useful as an interlayer insulating film material in semiconductor devices, etc. The composition contains: (A) a product of hydrolysis and condensation obtained by hydrolyzing and condensing at least one silane compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula (1), compounds represented by formula (2), and compounds represented by formula (3) in the presence of a basic catalyst and water,wherein R represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or a monovalent organic group, R<1 >represents a monovalent organic group, and a is an integer of 1 or 2,wherein R<2 >represents a monovalent organic group,wherein R<3 >to R<6 >may be the same or different and each represents a monovalent organic group, b and c may be the same or different and each is a number of 0 to 2, R<7 >represents an oxygen atom, a phenylene group, or a group represented by -(CH2)n-, wherein n is an integer of 1 to 6, and d is 0 or 1; (B) a compound compatible with or dispersible in ingredient (A) and having a boiling point or decomposition temperature of from 250 to 450° C.; and (C) an organic solvent.

A method of N-alkoxyalkylating ureides according to the invention comprises reacting a ureide of structure I with an alkylating agent of structure III in the presence of a basic catalyst in an aprotic reaction medium. The ureide may be a 5,5-disubstituted barbituric acid, or it may be phenytoin, glutethimide, and ethosuximide. The alkylating agent is an ester of a sulfonic acid. The base may be a hydride or amine. A preferred process comprises N-alkoxyalkylating 5,5-diphenyl-barbituric acid with methoxymethyl methanesulfonate in the presence of di-isopropyl ethyl amine and isolating the resultant N,N′-bismethoxymethyl-5,5-diphenyl-barbituric acid. The invention also contemplates the novel compounds N-methoxymethyl-5,5-diphenylbarbituric acid, N-methoxymethyl ethosuximide, and N-methoxymethyl glutethimide, and a method comprising administering them to a patient.