The invention provides methods for treating or preventing psychiatric disorders, substance abuse disorders, and other conditions, e.g., cardiovascular disease and cancer, involving administration of a therapeutically-effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, adenosine-elevating compound, omega-3 fatty acids, or combinations thereof to a mammal. The invention further provides methods of enhancing neurodevelopment and delaying premature pregnancy by administration of an effective amount of a cytosine-containing or cytidine-containing compound, creatine-containing compound, adenosine-containing, adenosine-elevating compound, omega-3 fatty acids, or combinations thereof to a mammal.