443results about "Pulp liquor regeneration" patented technology

Processes are described for the extraction and recovery of alkali metal from the char that results from catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous material. Among other steps, the processes of the invention include a hydrothermal leaching step in which a slurry of insoluble particulate comprising insoluble alkali metal compounds is treated with carbon dioxide and steam at elevated temperatures and pressures to effect the conversion of insoluble alkali metal compounds to soluble alkali metal compounds. Further, processes are described for the catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous material where a substantial portion of alkali metal is extracted and recovered from the char that results from the catalytic gasification process.

Processes are described for the extraction and recovery of alkali metal from the char that results from catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous material. Among other steps, the processes of the invention include a hydrothermal leaching step in which a slurry of insoluble particulate comprising insoluble alkali metal compounds is treated with carbon dioxide and steam at elevated temperatures and pressures to effect the conversion of insoluble alkali metal compounds to soluble alkali metal compounds. Further, processes are described for the catalytic gasification of a carbonaceous material where a substantial portion of alkali metal is extracted and recovered from the char that results from the catalytic gasification process.

This invention relates to a process of treating a lignocellulosic material to produce bio-ethanol. The process includes the steps of: (a) exposing the lignocellulosic material to conditions including a pH not less than about 8, and steam at a first pressure, to produce a step (a) product; (b) explosively discharging the step (a) product to a second pressure less than the first pressure to produce a step (b) product; and (c) further processing the step (b) product to produce bio-ethanol and other co-products. In another embodiment, the invention relates to a conical auger fractionation column. The fractionation column includes a column body having an input and an output. A conical filter is positioned inside the column body, the filter having a larger diameter end directed toward the input and a smaller diameter end directed toward the output. A conical auger is positioned inside the conical filter, the conical auger having an outer diameter which is approximately the same as an inner diameter of the conical filter. The auger and filter are adapted to cooperate to separate cellulosic solids from a liquid stream in a process of producing bio-ethanol from a lignocellulosic material.

An intelligent turn signal control system for turning on and off left and right turn signals in a vehicle includes a computer, such as an antilock braking system computer, with programmed software operably disposed on a vehicle, a driver interface switch assembly as input to the computer. Two or more wheel speed sensors transmit differential wheel movement data as input to the computer, a circuit drives turn signal indicator lamps from conditionally computed output data from the computer to turn on and off turn signals in a situation-appropriate manner. Upon turn signal indication intent data input from the driver, extensive travel and turn data is computed, including yaw rotation and steering system position to turn off or cancel the turn signal at the appropriate point.

A modular process for organosolv fractionation of lignocellulosic feedstocks into component parts and further processing of said component parts into at least fuel-grade ethanol and four classes of lignin derivatives. The modular process comprises a first processing module configured for physico-chemically digesting lignocellulosic feedstocks with an organic solvent thereby producing a cellulosic solids fraction and a liquid fraction, a second processing module configured for producing at least a fuel-grade ethanol and a first class of novel lignin derivatives from the cellulosic solids fraction, a third processing module configured for separating a second class and a third class of lignin derivatives from the liquid fraction and further processing the liquid fraction to produce a distillate and a stillage, a fourth processing module configured for separating a fourth class of lignin derivatives from the stillage and further processing the stillage to produce a sugar syrup.

A method for the production water insoluble reactive lignin having low sulfur content and lignosulfonates from lignocellulosic material in a batch or continuous process. Lignocellulosic material is fractionated to produce water insoluble native lignin and lignosulfonates in various ratios, while preserving the cellulose and hydrolyzed hemicelluloses using water, ethanol and sulfur dioxide.

An oxidation reactor includes a reactor body, a manhole nozzle projecting from the reactor body, and a partition plate separating an inside of the manhole nozzle and an inside of the reactor body from each other. In an oxidation reactor including the reactor body and a nozzle projecting from the reactor body, there is provided a means for feeding an inert gas into the nozzle. In a process for producing (meth)acrylic acids by subjecting propane, propylene or isobutylene to catalytic gas-phase oxidation reaction in an oxidation reactor for producing (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid, the above oxidation reactor is used as the oxidation reactor. In a method for analyzing an easily-polymerizable compound by introducing a gas containing the easily-polymerizable compound into an analyzing apparatus through a sampling tube, a double tube is used as the sampling tube, and a heating medium is fed into an outer tube of the double tube. According to these methods, the oxidation reaction can be stably conducted, and the reaction product gas can be prevented from being condensed and polymerized in the sampling tube, so that an on-line analysis can be performed at a high accuracy for a long period of time.

A process for producing a pulp from cellulose-containing material, wherein the material is reacted with formic acid as the solvent, and cooked at approximately the boiling temperature of the solvent, whereby return condensation is used. Annual plants, deciduous or coniferous wood can be used as the cellulose-containing material. In one variant of the process, the cellulose-containing material is only slightly warmed, whereby backflow cooling is used, and then a precisely predetermined quantity of hydrogen peroxide is slowly added to the liquid at a constant rate. This process variant can be repeated at a lower cooking temperature. The pulp thus obtained is preferably utilized in the production of cellulose, and in particular in the production of paper or cardboard. It is proposed that the lignin, which is isolated from the cellulose-containing material, have further applications, whereby such lignin is, after the pulp has been separated from the solvent, itself precipitated out in water. The lignin thus obtained can be used as a new building material, as a filler material or as an output substance to be used in the manufacture of aromatic products.

The invention provides a processing and recovering process of a chemical fiber pulp cellulose alkali pressed liquor. The processing and recovering process mainly comprises the steps of primary film separating, secondary film separating, hemi-cellulose separating-out, ternary film separating, hemi-cellulose recovering, and the like. The invention provides a process for recovering the hemi-cellulose and alkali from the alkali pressed liquor. Compared with the prior art of recovering the alkali by using a nano-filtration system, the process provided by the invention has the advantages that the alkali recovering rate is higher and can reach 95% under the precondition that the concentration of the alkali is unchanged. Meanwhile, the recovering of the hemi-cellulose in the pressed liquor is realized, the obtained hemi-cellulose can be used as xylose producing raw material or directly used as a dispersing agent. In addition, the service life of the films can be prolonged.

An oil-in-water emulsion useful as a defoamer for pulp and paper mill applications is described. The defoamer has an oil blend (of a triglyceride oil or a mixture of triglyceride oils and silicone), a stabilizing agent (to make the oil blend stable in the emulsion), hydrophobic silica particles, surfactants, dispersants, and other components. The emulsion is usable directly at low concentrations to control foam.

A composite electrolyzer for the electrolytic decoloring of chemico-mechanical pulping sewage is composed of multiple unit electrolyzers formed by dividing the composite electrolyzer by bulkheads and containing the plate anode, plate cathode and filler layer consisting of electric conductive particles and inertial particles, a supporting air distributing plate, aerating tube and sludge bath. Its electrolytic decoloring method for the chemico-mechanical pulping sewage includes such steps as flitering by oblique net, regulating pH=3-3.5, depositing, filtering and decoloring in said composite electrolyzer.

The invention relates to a production method for a high-grey-specification and high-thickness grey board. The production method comprises the steps of sizing agent preparation, sizing agent mixing and papermaking, wherein in sizing agent preparation, an OCC sizing agent, an ONP sizing agent, a sawdust sizing agent and a recovery sizing agent are prepared, and Hasun saccharomyces microorganisms and an adhesion agent are added into the sawdust sizing agent; in sizing agent mixing, the ONP sizing agent is used for making a grey board face layer, and the OCC sizing agent, the sawdust sizing agent mixture and the recovery sizing agent are mixed according to proportions to form a grey board liner, a grey board core layer and a grey board bottom layer; in papermaking, the sizing agents are dewatered through a net part to be shaped, the face layer, the liner, the core layer and the bottom layer are composited, a pressing part is used for squeezing and dewatering, a drying part is used for carrying out drying, and then paper is made. Microbial culture is carried out on the sawdust sizing agent, the surface chemical performance and the pore structure of the sawdust sizing agent are modified, and the thickness, the tightness and the deflection of the grey board are effectively improved. Low-concentration tailings at the tail section of an OCC line are recycled, the benefits of environmental protection are remarkable, and the production cost is effectively reduced.

The present invention relates to the use of urea sulfate or urea hydrochloride, or both, in process streams in the paper and pulping industries to control pH, to bring about flocculation or precipitation of various materials, and to replace all or part of the sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and/or papermaking alum used in the paper and pulping industries.

Provided is an unbleached paper product made from grass type pulp, the unbleached paper product has a brightness of 35-60% ISO, the grass type pulp is unbleached. The unbleached paper product includes an unbleached toilet paper, an unbleached hand towel, an unbleached wiping paper, an unbleached duplicating paper, an unbleached meal container, an unbleached food wrapping paper and an unbleached printing paper. The paper products have a high intensity and have no detection of dioxin and absorbable organic halides in the harmful substance detection test.

The invention relates to a treatment method for paper-making white water, which comprises: treating residual white water with superficial air-float technique and with polyaluminium chloride and strong-cation polyacrylamide as flocculant and coagulant by special proportion to make SS of out water about 10mg/L and turbidity not larger than 15NTU and become primary recycling water, ultrafiltrating to remove all SS with turbidity not larger than 1NTU, and obtaining super recycling water. This invention can realize zero-discharge of paper-making white water in deed.

The invention provides a paper pulp and fertilizer co-production technique, which aims at the present statuses of generally low utilization value of straw resources and serious environmental pollution caused by papermaking black liquor in China. In the technique, KOH and 1,3-propane diamine are used as the main stewing components to prepare pulp from various straws. The 1,3-propane diamine is beneficial to removing lignin and enhancing the product yield. High value-added paper products are obtained, and meanwhile, black liquor contains kalium, nitrogen and humic acid, thereby being a good nutrient source for organic fertilizers. Acid is added to the black liquor to neutralize, thereby obtaining a humic acid liquid fertilizer; and nitrogen, phosphorus, kalium and chelated microelements are added to obtain a liquid compound fertilizer. The pulverized straw scraps leftover materials can be directly used for adsorbing the black liquor, and are subjected to evaporation and granulation to prepare a solid organic fertilizer. The whole paper pulp and fertilizer co-production system does not discharge waste, thus the invention can thoroughly eliminate the pollution caused by the papermaking black liquor and realize the clean high-valued utilization of the straw resources.

A method for producing crude tall oil from black liquor soap while removing calcium carbonate and lignates is disclosed. Black liquor soap is first combined with an alkaline ash medium having a lower concentration of lignates and inorganic solids than the black liquor soap, to form washed tall oil soap, fortified brine, lignates, and calcium carbonate. The washed tall oil soap is then separated from the fortified brine, lignates, and calcium carbonate, by centrifugation, decantation, filtration, settling, or a combination of these techniques. Acidification of the washed tall oil soap gives crude tall oil and a spent acid mixture. The crude tall oil is separated from the spent acid. The spent acid is made alkaline, and at least a portion of it is returned for use as alkaline wash medium. The method avoids accumulation of calcium sulfate in acidulation units.

A method of pretreating comminuted fibrous material with sodium carbonate and then cooking the pretreated material in the presence of anthraquinone (AQ) is provided. The resulting pulp produced has a higher yield, enhanced strength, and better bleachability compared to pulp produced by prior art methods. AQ may also be introduced to the carbonate pretreatment stage. The method may further include an acid pretreatment providing further enhanced properties to the pulp produced.