1283 results about "Carbon nitrogen" patented technology

Methods are described for forming a dielectric layer on a semiconductor substrate. The methods may include providing a silicon-containing precursor and an energized nitrogen-containing precursor to a chemical vapor deposition chamber. The silicon-containing precursor and the energized nitrogen-containing precursor may be reacted in the chemical vapor deposition chamber to deposit a flowable silicon-carbon-nitrogen material on the substrate. The methods may further include treating the flowable silicon-carbon-nitrogen material to form the dielectric layer on the semiconductor substrate.

The invention discloses a method for preparing nitrogen-doped graphene which comprises the following steps of: drying a mixture of a carbon-containing precursor and a carbon-nitrogen-containing precursor; raising the temperature of the dried mixture to be 450-600 DEG C, and keeping the temperature to generate gray solid; and continuously raising the temperature of the gray solid to be 700-1000 DEG C, introducing protective gas, keeping the temperature to generate black solid, and obtaining the nitrogen-doped graphene. According to the method for preparing nitrogen-doped graphene in the embodiment, the nitrogen-doped graphene is obtained under normal pressure and high temperature through a solid-phase reaction, the whole preparation method is simple in process, the nitrogen-doped graphene can be obtained without complex equipment, and industrial production is easily performed. In addition, the invention also provides nitrogen-doped graphene.

The invention relates to an organic-inorganic composite fertilizer, which consists of straws, excrements and fertilizers. By weight, in the composite fertilizer, the ratio of N, P2O5 and K2O is 10 to 35:8 to 12:5 to 8, and the ratio of C and N is 10:15. The organic-inorganic composite fertilizer has very obvious effects for improving biomass of wheat and increasing readily available nutrient of soil, urease activity, microbial biomass in the carbon-nitrogen aspect.

The invention provides a comprehensive processing technology of organic wastes, belonging to the technical field of environmental protection, and in particular relates to resourcing comprehensive processing technology of organic wastes. The invention comprises the following steps: a. preparing materials: placing liquid or solid organic wastes into different storing tanks; b. pretreating: crashingthe organic wastes to particles with the granuality of being equal to or less than 30 mm, conveying the well-crashed materials into a stackretting tank for stackretting; c. mixing and matching variousorganic wastes and process water, wherein, the carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N) of the materials is 20-30:1, and the concentration of TS is 30%-35%; d. adding the inoculum, adopting high temperature dry anaerobic fermentation to carry out anaerobic fermentation on pretreated materials; and e. manufacturing from the biogas residues generated in step d into efficient multifungus composite ecological organic fertilizer, backflowing the generated biogas liquid to adjust the state of the anaerobic fermentation system or ensure the biogas liquid to enter the aerobic composting process flow, and introducing the generated biogas to a thermoelectricity cogeneration unit to provide electrical energy and thermal energy required by the process system. In the invention, composite microorganism agent and biogas residues and other base stocks are adopted for composite preparation, thus greatly improving fertilizer efficiency, lowering cost, having effects of diversification of nutrients, stable fertilizer efficiency and non pollution, and being suitable for being applied for various crops.

The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for nitrogen removal by combining garbage leachate SBR and anaerobic ammoxidation, which belongs to the low carbon nitrogen (CN) ratio high density ammonia nitrogen garbage leachate biological denitrogenation technical field. The apparatus comprises an integrated water tank, a SBR short distance nitrated reactor and an anaerobic ammoxidation reactor; a preposition water tank and a postposition water tank in the integrated water tank are communicated with a peristaltic pump and the SBR short distance nitrated reactor, the postposition water tank is connected with the bottom of the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor through the outlet pipe and the peristaltic pump, an self-circulation pipeline is provided on the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor, and is connected with the SBR preposition water tank through the outlet pipe and the peristaltic pump. The method comprise the following steps starting the SBR short distance nitrated reactor, starting the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor, and an operation is in series of the SBR short distance nitrated reactor and the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor is carried out. The apparatus of the present invention is suitable for organic matter removal and short distance nitrogen removal of the garbage leachate at late period in the garbage landfill, the process is advanced, and the advantages of energy saving and consumption reduction is obvious.

The invention belongs to the field of water treatment, and relates to a method for strengthening the activity of anaerobic ammoxidized microorganisms through polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate-activated carbon embedment. The method comprises the following steps of: soaking activated carbon in anaerobic ammoxidized basic inorganic salt solution, and preparing an embedding medium by using polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate and the activated carbon into in a proportion; and uniformly mixing treated anaerobic ammoxidized sludge and the embedding medium in a volume ratio to obtain immobilized balls, and culturing to obtain the anaerobic ammoxidized microorganisms steadily coupled on the activated carbon. The invention aims at wastewater with low carbon-nitrogen ratio, and can provide a method for embedding the anaerobic ammoxidized sludge by using the sodium alginate and the polyvinyl alcohol as carriers and the activated carbon as a strengthening agent, and a technology for strengthening the activity of the anaerobic ammoxidized microorganisms and enabling the anaerobic ammoxidized microorganisms to resist the influence of adverse environment. By the method, sewage plants can run more steadily for a long time, and the conditions of actual operation management of the sewage plants are met.

The invention relates to a process for producing organic fertilizers, in particular to a process for producing composts by employing the method of compost fermentation, wherein the process comprises: selecting filthy mud as main fermenting raw materials, adding a conditioner in the filthy mud to adjust the carbon nitrogen ratio between 15 and 30, then adding catalytic bacteria, finally performing compost fermentation, wherein the conditioner is capable of employing castoffs as animal wastes, sawdust, wooden meals, traditional Chinese medicine dregs, straws, leave and the like and the castoffs have rich organic contents. The nutrition composition of organic base material which are fermented is more reasonable via controlling carbon nitrogen ratio in the invention, and the invention uses filthy mud which urgently needs to be handled to replace the conventional night soils and straws to be main raw materials of the composts, changes waste into valuable, and has certain effect for improving urban environment.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particularly to an electrolyte solution and a lithium ion battery comprising the electrolyte solution. The electrolyte solution provided by the invention comprises a lithium salt, an organic solvent and an additive, wherein the additive comprises cyclotrisilazane as shown in formula (1) and a dinitrile compound, with an ether bond, as shown in formula (2). The electrolyte solution can improve the cycle performance, rate performance and high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery under high voltage, and also improves the safety performance of the lithium ion battery. One or more in an ether compound, a nitrile compound, a cyclic ester compound containing a sulfur bond and an oxygen bond, a cyclic carbonate compound containing a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond and a compound containing a carbon-nitrogen double bond can further be contained in the electrolyte solution, so that the cycle performance and rate performance of the lithium ion battery under high voltage and the storage performance of the lithium ion battery under high temperature can further be improved.

The invention relates to a method for producing biogas through the fermentation of a straw mixed raw material and a device thereof, in particular to a method for producing the biogas through second-stage middle temperature fermentation treatment to a mixed raw material of cellulose of plant straws, kitchen household garbage, livestock and poultry manure and sewage, and a device thereof. The device is suitable for the comprehensive utilization of crop straws, kitchen household garbage, livestock and poultry manure and so on, and belongs to equipment needed by environmental engineering. The method comprises the following steps: through three pretreatment modes, the three raw materials are pretreated and then are mixed according to the proportion of 1 to 1 to 3; the mixing ratio of each raw material can be 10 to 20 percent more or less; the carbon-nitrogen mol ratio is controlled to be between 25 to 1 and 30 to 1; the raw materials enter a main anaerobic fermentation tank and an auxiliary anaerobic fermentation tank after the mixing; the volume ratio of the main tank and the auxiliary tank is 1 to 1.5; the main anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with a thermal insulation layer; and a zymocyte bed, a stirring device, a temperature control device, and a circulating hot water heating device are arranged in the main anaerobic fermentation tank. The device can synchronously treat the plant straws, the kitchen household garbage, and the livestock and poultry manure and sewage, realize the automatic thermostatic control and second-stage fermentation, and has high biogas yield.

The invention discloses a denitrifying phosphorus removal-anammox-shortcut nitrification integrated baffled reaction equipment, relating to a wastewater treatment device. The equipment disclosed by the invention is baffled reaction equipment which is suitable for achieving decarbonizing and denitriding and dephosphorization synchronously for wastewater with a low carbon-nitrogen ratio and wastewater with a high carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus concentration. The integrated baffled reaction equipment makes use of the biofacies separation characteristic and achieves coupling microorganisms with denitrifying phosphorus removal, anammox and shortcut nitrification functions through a backflow device and an aerating device so as to achieve decarbonizing and denitriding and dephosphorization synchronously for the wastewater with the low carbon-nitrogen ratio and wastewater with the high carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus concentration, and reduce organic carbon source consumption amount in the treatment process to a lower level to largely reduce produced surplus sludge. Packing layers are arranged in autotrophic functional microorganism cells to raise biological holding volume for the system. The device has advantages of simple structure, multifunction, low consumption and high efficiency, easy operation and management, stable operation and so on. The device can also achieve decarbonizing and denitriding and dephosphorization synchronously.

The invention relates to a nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon immobilized enzyme biosensing material and a preparation method thereof, which belongs to the field of biocatalysis and biosensing. Mesoporous carbon is prepared by taking mesoporous silica as a template and ethylenediamine, acrylonitrile or tripolycyanamide as a carbon-nitrogen source, and then nitric acid is used to modify the surface of the mesoporous carbon to obtain hydrophilically modified nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon. The material has high specific surface area, large pore volume, large aperture and good biocompatibility, and also has good water and thermal stability and electric conductivity at the same time. The activity of enzyme molecules mobilized by taking the material as a carrier is well maintained. The biosensing based on nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon immobilized enzyme has quick response time, wide linear range, high sensitivity, and low detection limit. In addition, a preparation process for the immobilized enzyme biosensing material is simple and controllable, and has the advantages of mild conditions, easily-obtained raw materials, and conventional equipment.

The invention discloses a graphene loaded Co-N-C oxygen reduction catalyst and a preparation method thereof. Electrostatic self-assembly is adopted to anchor ZIF-67 on the surface of graphene and then high temperature carbonization is carried out to prepare the oxygen reduction catalyst. The method comprises the following specific steps: 1. adding oxidized graphene to water, stirring at room temperature, and centrifuging to collect obtained precipitate I; 2. adding a 2-methylimidazole solution to the obtained precipitate I, stirring at room temperature, and centrifuging to collect a precipitate II; then adding a cobaltous acetate solution to the precipitate II, stirring at room temperature, and centrifuging to collect a precipitate III; 3. repeating step 2 for 2-10 times and then drying; 4. carrying out constant temperature carbonization treatment on the dried product at the atmosphere of inert gas. The nano-structure graphene prepared according to the invention has good stability and conductivity, can form a cobalt-carbon-nitrogen catalytic active center with ZIF-67, is favorable for quick transfer of electrons, can enhance the catalytic capacity of the obtained catalyst for oxygen, and is suitable for popularization and application.

The invention discloses a granular sludge integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal device, which is provided with a water feed tank and an integrated anammox reactor, wherein the reactor is provided with a shell, a reaction area and a settling area are arranged in the shell, and the reaction area is provided with a microporous aerator, a fixed packing layer and a top area; the settling area is provided with an inclined plate settling area, an overflow weir and a water outlet pipeline; a guide plate and a reflow hole are formed between the reaction area and the settling area; the top of the reaction area has an air return port and an air outlet; and a sludge discharge pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the reaction area. The operating method comprises the following steps of (1) seeding sludge; (2) starting stage; and (3) continuous operation. The device and the method disclosed by the invention are suitable to be used for carrying out side treatment on high-ammonia-nitrogen and low-carbon-nitrogen-ratio digested sludge dewatering liquid in urban sewage treatment plants, and also suitable to be applied to the denitrification treatment of other high-ammonia-nitrogen industrial wastewater. The device and the method disclosed by the invention are perfect in process, simple in operation, agile in control, low in operation cost, good in sewage treatment effect and high in efficiency.

The invention discloses a method for complementing organic carbon sources to an artificial wetland. The method comprises the following steps: branches, wooden meals or plant straws are taken as the organic carbon sources to be added into the artificial wetland; when the quality of fed water is stable, the organic carbon sources are directly added into fillers of the artificial wetland; when the quality of the fed water is unstable, the organic carbon sources are added into an organic carbon release pond, and decomposition liquid inside the organic carbon release pond is input to the artificial wetland. The method has economy plant materials which are easy to obtain and simple operation and sequential maintenance and management, thereby saving a great amount of manpower and materials. The invention solves the technical problem that the plant materials are complemented to the artificial wetland when processing polluted water with low carbon nitrogen ratio to enhance the denitrification efficiency of the artificial wetland by the simple method, and the method can ensure the removal rate of TN to be raised to more than 70 percent.

The invention provides a method for preparing porous boron-carbon-nitrogen nanosheets through freeze drying. The method includes the following steps that 1, a boron source, a carbon source and a nitrogen source are mixed in proportion, a raw material mixture is formed, water is added to dissolve the raw material mixture, and a raw material mixture solution is formed; 2, the raw material mixture solution is condensed and cured and then subjected to freeze drying; 3, powder obtained after freeze drying reacts for 0.5-12 h at the temperature of 800-1,200 DEG C in the atmosphere protection or vacuum environment; 4, the powder is ball-milled in a ball mill for 2-8 h; 5, after the ball-milled product is cooled to room temperature, the product is cleaned and dried, and the porous boron-carbon-nitrogen nanosheets are obtained. The method is simple in operation procedure, the yield can be increased, and the cost can be reduced. Various parameters in the reaction process are easy to monitor and control, the reaction mechanism can be easily studied, most critical influence factors are found out, and process conditions are stabilized as soon as possible; environmental protection is low, and environmental protection is promoted.

The invention relates to an aerobic bio-particle carrier for directly removing ammonia nitrogen from sewage with low carbon nitrogen ratio and a preparation method thereof, belongs to the field of water treatment, and is used for solving the deficiencies of low biological denitrifying efficiency caused by insufficient carbon source of sewage with low carbon nitrogen ratio, complex process, high physicochemical treatment cost, secondary pollution and the like, so that efficient denitrification low in cost and free from secondary pollution is realized. The aerobic bio-particle carrier for directly removing ammonia nitrogen from sewage with low carbon nitrogen ratio comprises simple iron powder, active carbon powder, gypsum powder, copper powder and a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is one or any combination of manganese powder, titanium powder, magnesium powder and vanadium powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: taking and mixing materials according to material composition to prepare particles which are 5-20mm, drying and then roasting and cooling; and finally, cultivating the prepared particles in sewage through a microbial biofilm to obtain the aerobic bio-particle carrier for directly removing ammonia nitrogen from sewage with low carbon nitrogen ratio. According to the invention, sewage with low carbon nitrogen ratio is efficiently treated, so that the total nitrogen of sewage is removed over 90%.

The invention provides a method for producing functional biological organic base fertilizer by using poultry excrement. The method is characterized in that pig excrement, chicken excrement, humic substances and other raw materials are used as basis, the optimum carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted, a deep pond continuous high-temperature aerobiotic dynamic fermentation process is adopted, decomposition inoculant which can promote materials to be decomposed and has the deodorization function is added in the decomposing process, and after the materials are decomposed, functional bacteria are added, so that the functional high-quality biological organic fertilizer is produced. The method has the advantages that a high-efficiency decomposition technology and an aerobiotic fermentation technology system are established, the poultry excrement treatment time is shortened, and production efficiency is improved; and antagonistic action among all functional bacteria is avoided, and all the functional bacteria have the reciprocal symbiosis. All microorganisms can grow and breed at different temperature areas, and exert efficacy mutually, so that the fermentation effect is guaranteed radically, the excrement odor can be effectively removed simultaneously, and the poultry excrement wastes can be quickly decomposed in 7 to 10 days.

The invention relates to a titanium niobate composite material, a preparation method thereof, and a cathode and a battery containing the composite material. The titanium niobate composite material is represented as BxCyNz-LaTibMcNbdOe, wherein BxCyNz represents a compound containing boron carbon or carbon nitrogen or boron carbon nitrogen; L represents Li or Na, preferably Li; M is one element selected from Al, B, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Ce, Y, Zr, Mo, La, Ta, N and P; x, y, z, a, b, c, d and e represent mole percentages, x is no less than 0 and less than 1, y is larger than 0 and less than 1, z is no less than 0 and less than 1, a is no less than 0 and no larger than 0.2, b is larger than 0.8 and no larger than 1.1, c is no less than 0 and less than 0.2, d is larger than 1.95 and no larger than 2.1, e is no less than 6.8 and no larger than 7, and x and y are not 0 at the same time. The composite material disclosed herein and used as a cathode material of a lithium ion battery has the advantages of high coulombic efficiency, high ionic and electric conductance, good cycling performance of high-rate charge and discharge, high safety, no pollution, and low price.

The invention discloses a hard alloy blade and a preparation method thereof. The hard alloy blade comprises a hard alloy blade basal body and a coating layer; the hard alloy blade basal body uses Co as a binding phase, and uses tungsten carbide and a titanium-contained cubic-phase compound as a hard phase; the solid solution is performed for a W element and a Cr element in the binding phase; the mass fraction of the W element in the binding phase is 2-10 wt.%; the mass fraction of the Cr element in the binding phase is 1-10 wt.%; the titanium-contained cubic-phase compound is a carbon-nitrogen compound containing one or two in a Ta element and a Nb element and a Ti element; and the grain distribution of tungsten carbide has a double-peak structure. The preparation method comprises batching, powder preparation by mixing, molding by pressing, sintering and preparation of a coating layer. The hard alloy blade has the advantages of high hardness, toughness and strength and excellent and stable cutting performance, and is high in generality, suitable for various processing fields, simple in preparation method and low in cost.

The invention provides a ball-milling assisted method for preparing a carbon nitrogen based monatomic iron catalyst. The method comprises the following steps: adopting a one-pot process for wrapping ferriporphyrin in a metallic organic frame hole in a monomolecular form through mechanical ball milling, thereby forming a subject-object structure; forming a nitrogen-doped porous carbon carrier by ametallic organic frame object and keeping an original porous structure, through the high-temperature pyrolytic reaction under the inert gas atmosphere; and forming a monatomic Fe-Nx structure by the ferriporphyrin molecules and fixing in the hole structure. The invention adopts a mechanical ball-milling assisted method for compounding a nanometer compound precursor; only an infinitesimal organic solvent participates in the process; the method is simple and convenient, safe, green and environment-friendly, and suitable for large-scale production; the acquired carbon nitrogen based monatomic iron catalyst has ultrahigh electrocatalytic activity and stability for the oxygen reduction reaction under an alkaline condition, and has a bright market prospect.

The invention relates to a biology processing apparatus capable of processing sewage at low-temperature with low carbon-nitrogen-ratio in a cold region and a method for processing sewage at low-temperature with low carbon-nitrogen-ratio in the cold region, which relates to the biology processing apparatus for processing sewage and the method for processing sewage. According to the invention, problems that the ratio of carbon source and nitrogen source of sewage in winner at the cold region is low, the synchronization nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency in the current sewage processing technology is low, the index of nitrogen and phosphor in a processed effluent can not reach the standard can be solved. The apparatus comprises a water storage tank, a pre-conditioning hypoxia pool, an anaerobic pond, an anoxic pool, an aerobic tank, a sedimentation basin, an aeration head, a filling material, a stirrer, a water inlet pump, a reflux pump, a valve, an outlet pipe, a sludge discharge pipe and a residual sludge discharge pipe; The method comprises the following steps: 1)culturing microbe on a filling material; 2)adjusting operation parameter; 3)adjusting reflux ratio parameter; 4)passing the sewage through the pre-conditioning hypoxia pool, the anaerobic pond, the anoxic pool, the aerobic tank and the sedimentation basin for processing to obtain the processed water. The apparatus and the method can be used for construction and reconstruction of the sewage processing technology at low-temperature with low carbon-nitrogen-ratio in a north region.

The invention breaks through the restriction of the traditional autotrophic nitrification and anoxic denitrifying metabolism principle, and discloses a method for removing carbon and nitrogen pollutants in waste water in one step according to physiological feature and metabolism principle of heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria. In a single biochemical reactor, mixed solution of the heterotrophic nitrification-aerobic denitrification bacteria and active slurry in a certain proportion is inoculated, after a certain period of aeration is performed, nitrogen and organic substances are removed at the same time, and the efficiency of denitrification and carbon removal is high. By using the method, a traditional biochemical treatment system can be updated and transformedwithout constructing a new building based on the traditional biochemical treatment system, and the operation is convenient and fast. The method overcomes the bottleneck problems that the nitrobacteria propagate slowly, the nitrification and denitrification reactions are performed in sections, and the like.