236 results about "Heterotrophic bacteria" patented technology

The present invention relates to a wastewater treating system and method for removing pollutants of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous, comprising: a first reactor contains methanogenic bacteria, PAO and denitrifying bacteria for eliminating the organic carbon in denitrification by denitrifying bacteria, adsorbing partial organic carbon and releasing phosphate by PAO and; metabolizing organic carbon to form methane gas by methanogenic bacteria; a second reactor disposed at the rearward of first reactor, second reactor treats the effluent from first reactor by denitrifying bacteria and PAO, denitrifying bacteria is able to denitrifying the nitrate and PAO is able to process the phosphorous releasing; a third reactor disposed rearward of second reactor, which comprises PAO, heterotrophic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria, wherein PAO is applied for phosphorous accumulating process, the heterotrophic bacteria is applied for carbon removal process, the nitrifying bacteria is applied for nitrifying process; and a membrane separation reactor disposed inside or rear of third reactor to separate various microorganisms and the treated effluent. The present invention applies methanogenic bacteria in the system for decreasing the amount of waste sludge efficiently and reduce power consuming.

The invention provides a process and method for denitrification and phosphorus removal of municipal sewage by half shortcut nitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation, which belongs to the technical field of sewage biological treatment. The process comprises an untreated water tank, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for removing organic matters, a first regulating water tank, a half shortcut nitrification SBR, a second regulating water tank and an autotrophic denitrification upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor sequentially connected in series. Sludge is separated according to sludge age, which avoids an influence of rapid propagation of heterotrophic bacteria to autotrophic denitrification flora; and a nitrification system adopts half shortcut nitrification, which stably maintains shortcut more easily, ensures the nitrosification rate of the nitrification system, and provides guarantee for denitrification stability of the system. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation technique is applied to deep denitrification treatment of domestic sewage, which reduces the oxygen consumption by 60% compared with the conventional denitrification method, is free of additional carbon sources and neutralizers, and realizes high-efficiency low-energy consumption municipal sewage treatment.

The invention provides a method for achieving partial short-cut nitrification-Anammox/denitrification of sewage by using sludge fermentation materials, and belongs to the field of treatment of sewagesludge. A device used by the method comprises a raw water tank, an SBR reactor, a sludge fermentation material storage tank and a residual sludge fermentation tank. The method comprises mixing residual sludge fermentation materials with domestic sewage for treating, and achieving the short-cut nitrification by using the sludge fermentation materials, wherein the inhibition of the sludge fermentation materials on nitrite oxidizing bacteria is far greater than the inhibition of the sludge fermentation materials on ammonia oxidizing bacteria. The method is specifically characterized in that in ananaerobic phase, polyphosphate accumulating bacteria are used for releasing phosphorus by using the sludge fermentation materials and carbon sources in raw water, and storing the inner carbon sources, in an aerobic phase, the partial short-cut nitrification is achieved through real-time control on DO and pH, in an anoxic phase, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria are used for converting ammonianitrogen and nitrite nitrogen into nitrogen and nitric nitrogen, and heterotrophic bacteria are used for reducing residual nitrite nitrogen and the generated nitric nitrogen into nitrogen by using theinner carbon sources. Through the method, the aeration intensity is reduced; meanwhile, the deep denitrification of the domestic sewage with a low C/N ratio and the reduction of exogenous sludge areachieved.

The invention provides a method for strengthening indigenous microbes and improving oil recovery by improving microbial florae in an oil deposit. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) analyzing composition of microbial florae in the oil deposit; and (2) introducing exogenous microbes into the oil deposit according to an analysis result, so that the oil deposit with the introduced exogenous microbes contains the following microbes: hydrocarbon-oxiding bacteria, fermentative bacteria, heterotrophic bacteria, methanogenic bacteria, sulphate-reducing bacteria, and nitrate-reducing bacteria. Due to the adoption of the method provided by the invention, by adding the exogenous microbes into the oil deposit, the structure of the microbial florae in the oil deposit is improved, the function of the microbial florae in the oil deposit is strengthened, as a result, the oil displacement effect is improved, and the application range of microbial oil recovery technology is enlarged.

The invention relates to an integral bioreactor for garbage percolating liquid treatment, belonging to environment protection art. The bioreactor comprises of two biological reaction zones and an adjustment zone, and each biological reaction zone is filled with biological filler to make up aerobic and anaerobic zone. In the aerobic zone, the organics is degraded by aerobic heterotrophic bacteria to organic carbon and controls the ammonia nitrogen nitration in hitrosation stage, 50% ammonia nitrogen is oxygenated to nitrite, and the water outlet in the aerobic zone is mixed uniformly in the adjustment zone with PH modifier and then flows into the anaerobic zone. In the anaerobic zone, anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria reduces nitrite with ammonia nitrogen as electron donor and oxygenizes ammonia nitrogen with nitrite as electron acceptor, ammonia nitrogen and nitrous nitrogen transit into nitrogen, some organics is absorbed or degraded by other anaerobic microorganism. It can clear ammonia nitrogen and organics in the water quality of low carbon-nitrogen ratio of garbage percolating liquid, and adjust the water quality of garbage percolating liquid and the impact load of water, and the operation is effective and stable.

The invention provides a SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor) and SBBR (Sequencing Biofilm Batch Reactor) municipal sewage high-efficiency biological treatment method and device based on anaerobic ammonia oxidation, and belongs to the technical field of sewage biological treatment. The device is provided with an SBR and an SBBR and is characterized in that sewage enters the SBR firstly, so that the biological phosphorus removal is realized through anaerobic-aerobiotic alternate operation, and meanwhile, organic matters in water are removed through heterotrophic bacteria; by controlling the short sludge age and no occurrence of nitrification, the surplus sludge quantity is large, and the phosphorous and organic matter removal effect is good; and yielding water of the SBR enters the SBBR, so that the partial nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic nitrogen removal is realized through low-oxygen aeration operation. The process operation method comprises the following steps: (1) sludge inoculation and initialization phase; and (2) operational phase. The method and the device are suitable for the treatment of municipal sewage with low carbon nitrogen ratio, are energy-saving and have good nitrogen and phosphorous removal effects and high removal rate of pollutants; and the system control is flexible.

The invention provides a method and a device for quickly enriching ammonia oxidizing bacteria. The ammonia oxidizing bacteria are enriched by a sequencing batch reactor, a method of gradually increasing ammonia nitrogen concentration in a culture solution and a pH process controlling method; and the adopted culture solution for enriching comprises the inorganic salt used as a main component, and a trace element culture solution, a buffer solution and ammonia carbonate; and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the culture process is maintained more than 5mg/L by a process controlling device, pH is maintained 7.0 to 8.5, and temperature is maintained 20 to 25 DEG C. By the scheme, the growth of heterotrophic bacteria in activated sludge can be inhibited obviously, and the enriched ammonia oxidizing bacteria are 60 to 65 percent of the total number of microorganism bacteria in the activated sludge, and are tolerant to high ammonia nitrogen concentration; and finally high-ammonia-nitrogen wastewater of which the concentration can reach 500mg/L can be treated, and high-concentration ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater can be reduced to less than 1.0mg/L.

The invention provides a penaeus monodon industrialized high-density cultivating technology, comprising a young shrimp coarse standard pond, an intermediate cultivating pond, an adult shrimp cultivating pond, a rotary-drum microstrainer, an air-sifter type protein separator, a positive-negative biological processor, a purifying device, a sedimentation tank, an algae biological processor and a controller. According to the penaeus monodon industrialized high-density cultivating technology, the problems that the prawn survival rate is low, the benefit and yield are not prominent, the occupied area is overlarge, and the environmental pollution is severe are fundamentally solved through cultivating penaeus monodon by utilization of industrialized circulating water; by employment of grading multistage cultivation, the aquaculture water space can be sufficiently utilized, the water quality is guaranteed, the possibility of disease occurrence is reduced, the cultivating success rate is improved, drugs are prevented from being used, and the food safety is guaranteed; organic carbon is added in the aquaculture water through a biological floccules device so as to adjust the proportion of carbon to nitrogen, and sufficient oxygenation is combined at the same time, so that the growth of heterotrophic bacteria in the water can be promoted, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are reduced up to 98-100%, the feed quantity required for cultivating creatures is reduced, and the benefit is increased.

The invention aims to develop a flow-cytometry-based method for rapidly measuring heterotrophic bacteria in a eutrophic lake. The method is a flow-cytometry-based bacterium counting method. The method comprises the following steps of fixing a sample, performing ultrasonic processing, filtering, performing SYBR Green I dyeing, detecting the heterotrophic bacteria by utilizing a flow cytometer, and acquiring forward and lateral scattering light, an SYBR Green I green fluorescence signal and a chlorophyll a red fluorescence signal of autotrophic plankton, wherein the SYBR Green I green fluorescence signal is used for setting a threshold value; and eliminating the influence of the nannoplankton on bacterium detection by utilizing the forward and lateral scattering light, separating the plankton from abiological particles and cellular debris according to the intensity of the SYBR Green I green fluorescence signal, and separating the bacteria from phytoplankton according to the intensity of the chlorophyll a red fluorescence signal of the autotrophic plankton, thereby obtaining the accurate number of the heterotrophic bacteria. The method has the time-saving and labor-saving effects, the large-scale ecological survey can be developed, and the counting precision and accuracy of the bacteria are improved.

The invention discloses a method for denitrifying wastewater generated in the process of producing an FCC (fluid catalytic cracking) catalyst. The method comprises the step of adding nitrobacteria and nitrous acid denitrifiers to sewage, wherein the ammonia nitrogen containing sewage treatment temperature is 18-40 DEG C; the dissolved oxygen is 0.2-3mg/L; and the pH value is 7.5-8.5. The method adopts autotrophic bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria which are subjected to combination of superiority to serve as reinforced microorganisms for treating wastewater, adopts different addition modes, can achieve removal of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and CODcr in the same reactor, has a good wastewater treatment effect, truly achieves short-cut nitrification and denitrification or simultaneous nitrification and denitrification of the ammonia-containing wastewater generated by producing the catalyst by being combined with high-efficiency devices, and achieves up-to-standard discharge of pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen and the like in the wastewater.

The invention discloses a method for detecting heterotrophic bacteria content of industrial circulating water. The method comprises the following steps of: intercepting and enriching bacteria in a water sample, cracking the enriched bacteria to release protein, hydrolyzing the bacteria into amino acid, performing reactive color development on the amino acid by using ninhydrin, and comparing the measured absorbance with an 'absorbance-heterotrophic bacteria quantity' standard curve to obtain the quantity of the heterotrophic bacteria in the industrial circulating water with certain volume. The measuring method is quick and convenient compared with a national standard plate counting method, the heterotrophic bacteria content of the circulating cooling water can be acquired in short time, and the method facilitates instrumentation and automation and is easy to popularize.

The invention relates to a preparation and repair method of aerobic nitrification granular sludge, and pertains to the technical field of water treatment. The method is characterized in that a mode of improving the concentration of a substrate NH4<+>-N gradually is adopted to prepare the aerobic nitrification granular sludge and a way of adding activated sludge is adopted to repair disintegrated aerobic nitrification granular sludge. The method has the advantages of: (1) being capable of avoiding the free ammonia inhibition problem during cultivation under the condition of high NH4<+>-N so that the heterotrophic bacteria and nitrifying bacteria of the aerobic nitrification granular sludge to be formed have high activity, large particle size and relatively high denitrification capability; (2) being capable of recovering the disintegrated granular sludge to excellent performance and completer structure and shortening the start-up time of an aerobic granular sludge reactor. The aerobic nitrification granular sludge prepared by the method is suitable for treating low COD and high NH4<+>-N waste water such as catalyst wastewater and the method is a biological wastewater treatment technique with wide market application prospect.

The method for marine sewage treatment comprises the steps of (a) dispensing with each toilet flush a controlled amount of heterotrophic bacteria culture into the boat's holding tank in order to substantially denitrify the sewage and liquefy the solids, (b) pumping raw sewage from said holding tank to fill a radiation loop, (c) applying microwave energy for a predetermined duration to the raw sewage contained within said radiation loop in order to disinfect said sewage, and (d) passing the disinfected hot sewage through a phosphate filter to substantially reduce the phosphate level. The marine sewage treatment system comprises: a toilet, a connection from a water source to said toilet, a connection from a dispenser of heterotrophic bacteria culture to said toilet, a holding tank for toilet sewage having an inlet coupled to said toilet, a macerator pump having an inlet coupled to the outlet of said holding tank and an outlet coupled to the inlet of a radiation loop, a phosphate filter having an inlet connected to the outlet of said radiation loop, an effluent discharge pump having an inlet coupled to the outlet of the phosphate filter and an outlet coupled to an effluent discharge opening to the sea and structure for applying microwave energy to said radiation loop to substantially disinfect and heat the waste water effluent in said radiation loop before filtering out the phosphates and discharging the treated effluent into the sea.

The invention discloses a compound bacterium community capable of efficiently leaching a sulphide ore, and a compounding method and an application method thereof, and belongs to the technical filed of wet-process metallurgy. Aiming at a biological leaching mechanism of the sulphide ore and the physiological-biochemical characteristics of microorganisms, a community capable of efficiently leaching the sulphide ore is compounded by a plurality of mineral leaching microorganisms, wherein the mineral leaching microorganisms comprise marine bacteria which come from deep-sea hydrothermal vents and are capable of enduring high concentration sodium chloride, sulfur-oxidized bacteria, iron-oxidized bacteria and archaea which are from a freshwater environment, autotrophic bacteria and facultative heterotrophic bacteria. Not only can the difficult problem that the mineral leaching microorganisms from the freshwater environment are intolerance of sodium chloride be solved, but also microorganisms required by oxidation and dissolution of the sulphide ore and diversity of chemical reactions are guaranteed. The compound bacterium community can obviously increase leaching efficiency and leaching rate of the sulphide ore such as copper pyrites and can be applied in a leaching process and a dump leaching process of a stirring tank. A certain basis for popularization and application of biological metallurgy of the sulphide ore is provided by the invention.

Disclosed is a method of denitrifying a solution including introducing into the solution an amount of a carbon source within a duration and at a frequency so that indigenous heterotrophic bacteria deplete dissolved oxygen in the solution and decompose oxygen from nitrate in the solution to obtain its combined oxygen. Related apparatuses and compounds also are disclosed.

The invention discloses a biological denitrification process of organic nitrogen waste water, and belongs to the technical field of waste water denitrification. The biological denitrification process comprises the following steps: (1) pre-treating the organic matter waste water, and then sending the pretreated organic matter waste water into an anaerobic fluidized bed at a given speed; (2) facilitating the waste water to flow by the anaerobic fluidized bed having heterotrophic bacteria, converting organic nitrogen to be ammonia nitrogen, and collecting the rest organic matters by utilizing a membrane; (3) enabling the waste water to enter a two-layer micro-organism membrane reaction tank, carrying out nitrous-acid nitration reaction by virtue of a first layer of microorganism membrane with nitrous-acid nitration bacteria, to generate nitrous acid; and carrying out the denitrification by virtue of a second layer of microorganism membrane with anaerobic ammoxidation bacteria. The entire process flow is reasonable in design, the operation condition is easy to implement, the cost is low, the denitrification rate is extremely high, and the biological denitrification process is suitable for continuous mass treatment on the organic matter waste water.

The invention discloses a denitrifying method for ammonia-containing waste water discharged in an acrylic production process. The denitrifying method comprises the following step: adding a certain quantity of denitrifier in a sewage treatment system, wherein the treatment temperature of the ammonia nitrogen-containing sewage is 18-40 DEG C, the dissolved oxygen is 0.2-3mg/L, and the pH is 7.5-8.5. Heterotrophic bacteria is used for performing superiority combination to be used as an enhanced microorganism of the waste water treatment so as to remove the ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and CODcr in the one reactor, and the waste water treatment effect is good; and in combination with an efficient device, the denitrifying method realizes the standard discharge of the ammonia nitrogen and persistent organic pollutant in the waste water.

The invention discloses a method for freshwater culture of penaeus vannamei by using a bio-flocculation technology. According to the method, lactic acid bacteria and bacillus subtilis organisms are utilized, through aeration, bio-flocculation is quickly cultured and generated, the purification effect on water quality can be achieved through the assimilation of heterotrophic bacteria in the cultureprocess of penaeus vannamei, and meanwhile crude proteins, crude fat and other nutrients required by penaeus vannamei are increased; the utilization rate of feed can be increased, and the feeding amount is reduced; in addition, by gradually reducing the salinity of a water body, the culture environment can be adjusted slowly to avoid negative effects caused by salinity change fluctuation on culture organisms in the environment, the culture quality and yield are improved, and the adaptability of penaeus vannamei to the environment is improved.

The invention relates to a device and a method for continuously operation and reinforcement of biomembrane phosphate removing. The device is composes of a water inlet tank, a middle water tank and a biological filter tank, which can realize the continuous biological phosphate removing. The biological filter tank adopts the anaerobic/aerobic alternative adhesion growth system, uses the quartz sandas a biological carrier, is formed with a mixed biomembrane flora composed of phosphate accumulating bacteria, common heterotrophic bacteria, nitrobacteria and denitrifying bacterium, applies an adjustable time program to control the water inlet and outlet direction of the reactor and the connection of the reactor and the atmosphere so as to expose the biomembrane alternatively in the anaerobic/aerobic environments and applies the phosphate accumulating bacteria to remove the phosphate in the waste water in the anaerobic phosphate releasing-aerobic phosphate accumulating circulation. The system can simultaneously denitrides and remove the organic matters in the waste water.

The invention relates to a modified attapulgite-based slow release fertilizer special for saline-alkali soil, a preparation method and an application thereof. The modified attapulgite-based slow release fertilizer is composed of an inner layer, an inner enveloping film, an outer layer and an outer enveloping film in turn from inner to outer, wherein the inner layer is composed of modified attapulgite, charcoal, monoammonium phosphate and urea; the outer layer is composed of corncob powder, complex fungicide and fulvic acid; the inner enveloping film and the outer enveloping film have same components and are both composed of nitrification inhibitor and adhesive. According to the invention, physical absorption of modified attapulgite and charcoal is utilized to reduce nitrogen fertilizer loss; the activity of heterotrophic bacteria is stimulated, so as to promote assimilation and nitrogen fixation; the enveloping films containing nitrification inhibitor are supplemented for controlling release and conversion of fertilizer, regulating release period and rate of nitrogen nutrient and promoting efficient absorption of plants; a virtuous circle system is formed through fertility promotion, crop growth and root exudates applied to surface soil.

The invention provides a method and a device for culturing oxidizing bacteria capable of quickly enriching nitrite. According to the invention, a sequencing batch activated sludge process is mainly adopted, and the enrichment is realized by gradually increasing the nitrite concentration in nutrient solution and controlling a dissolved oxygen process, wherein the main ingredient of the adopted enrichment nutrient solution is inorganic salt and the enrichment nutrient solution comprises trace element nutrient solution, buffer solution and sodium nitrite; and by adopting the device, the concentration of the dissolved oxygen is kept to be above 5mg/L, pH is kept at 7.2-7.9, and temperature is kept at 22-25 DEG C. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the growth of heterotrophic bacteria and ammonia oxidizing bacteria in sludge can be obviously inhibited, and finally, the nitrite-enriching oxidizing bacteria account for 85-90% of the total amount of the microorganism bacteria in the activated sludge and can bear higher and higher nitrite concentration; and finally, the oxidizing bacteria can treat nitrite waste water of which the concentration is up to 1000mg/L is obtained,and reduce the high-concentration nitrite in the waste water to be below 0.2mg/L.

The invention described herein provides a novel means to biologically denitrify nitrogenous compounds in wastewater using a simultaneous reaction under aerobic conditions. To conduct this reaction it is necessary to culture both autotrophic ammonia oxidizing bacteria as well as facultative heterotrophic bacteria such that the facultative heterotrophs can denitrify the oxidized ammonia compounds produced by the autotrophic bacteria as they are produced. The device described herein, along with methods of operating such a device, provides a means to facilitate the above reaction.

The invention relates to an integrated style waste gas bio-purifying reactor with two reaction zones, belonging to the equipment utilizing a bioreactor to process the waste gas. A container is divided into a gas humidifying zone, a first biological reaction zone and a second biological reaction zone from bottom to top in sequence by two gas distribution plates. An air inlet and a perforated pipe are arranged on the sidewall of the lower part of the gas humidifying zone, and a drainage outlet is arranged on the sidewall of the upper part. The first biological reaction zone is filled with acid-resistance inert fillers, and the second biological reaction zone is also filled with inert fillers. A spraying liquid inlet and a pipeline connected with a nozzle are arranged on sidewalls of both the first and the second biological reaction zones. An air outlet is also arranged on the sidewall of the second biological reaction zone. Most pollutants in the waste gas are degraded by acidophil bacteria and epiphyte of fillers in the first biological reaction zone. The non-degraded low-concentrated pollutants and metabolic intermediates are fully degraded by heterotrophic bacteria of fillers in the second biological reaction zone. The purified gas is discharged from the air vent.