72 results about "Sample average" patented technology

A distributing fibre-optical temperature transducer for positioning leakage of piping is prepared by connecting main components of two - way coupler, wavelength division multi-plexer, photoelectric diode, amplifier, sampling average accumulator, computer, driver and laser diode to sensing cable. Its positioning method is that laying a piece of sensing cable in parallel near piping and detecting distribution curve of cable temperature for judging position of piping leakage.

A receiver for detecting and recovering data from Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) symbols. The OFDM symbols include within a repeating time frame a signalling OFDM symbol and one or more data bearing OFDM symbols, the signalling OFDM symbol including a pre-amble guard interval and a post-amble guard interval, the pre-amble and the post-amble guard intervals being formed by copying samples from a useful part of the signalling OFDM symbol in the time domain. The receiver includes a signalling and guard detector, which includes a correlator comprising a first branch which includes a first moving averaging filter, which is arranged to form pre-amble average correlated samples by averaging a value of a plurality of pre-amble correlated samples within a moving window, the plurality of samples averaged within the moving window corresponding to a temporal length of the post-amble (Tb), a second branch which includes a second moving averaging filter, which is arranged to form post-amble average correlated samples by averaging a value of a plurality of post-amble correlated samples within a moving window, the plurality of samples averaged within the moving window corresponding to a temporal length of the pre-amble (Tc), a combiner, which is arranged to combine the averaged pre-amble correlated samples and the averaged post-amble correlated samples to form output correlation samples. A post processing detector can detect the signalling OFDM symbol and moreover a synchronisation point derived from a centre of the signalling OFDM symbol with improved accuracy. The receiver finds application, for example, with DVB-T2 in detecting the P1 symbol.

A method for determining a gain compensation value for multiple ADCs sums an absolute value of a number of ADC output samples from each of the ADCs that may be collected while the ADCs are in normal operation. In one embodiment, the ratio of the sums of the absolute values of ADC output samples may reflect the difference in gains between the ADCs, and may be used to determine the ADC gain compensation value. A method for determining an offset compensation value between for multiple ADCs averages of a number of ADC output samples from each ADC collected while the ADCs are in normal operation. In one embodiment, a difference between the ADC sample averages may reflect the difference in magnitudes of the ADC offsets for each ADC, and may be used to determine the ADC offset compensation value.

A plasma processing apparatus performs a stable and accurate matching operation with high reproducibility in a power modulation process of modulating of a high frequency power to be supplied into a processing vessel in a pulse shape. In the plasma processing apparatus, an impedance sensor 96A provided in a matching device performs a dual sampling averaging process on a RF voltage measurement value and an electric current measurement value respectively obtained from a RF voltage detector 100A of a voltage sensor system and a RF electric current detector 108A of an electric current sensor system by sampling-average-value calculating circuits 104A and 112A and by moving-average-value calculating circuits 106A and 114A. Thus, an update speed of a load impedance measurement value outputted from the impedance sensor 96A can be matched well with a driving control speed of a motor in a matching controller.

The invention relates to an absolute radiometric calibration method for a satellite staring planar array CCD camera. The absolute radiometric calibration method comprises the steps of firstly establishing a linear quantitative relationship between digital DN value information after relative radiometric calibration for remote sensing image data of the satellite staring planar array CCD camera and radiation energy information at entrance pupil of the satellite staring planar array CCD camera, and a radiation energy model at the entrance pupil of the satellite staring planar array CCD camera in sea imaging; then calculating to obtain radiation energy L at the entrance pupil of the satellite staring planar array CCD camera in low light level imaging of the sea area at morning or nightfall and acquire a sample average value of all probing digital DN values of the satellite staring planar array CCD camera after the relative radiometric calibration to be used as an average digital DN value DNR of the satellite staring planar array CCD camera probing units; and finally performing linear fitting on the above L and DNR and calculating to obtain an absolute radiometric calibration coefficient. The absolute radiometric calibration method overcomes the technical problem of no absolute radiometric calibration method for in-orbit operation of the satellite staring planar array CCD camera.

The invention provides a bayesian estimation-based particle filter gravity-assisted inertial navigation matching method. When solving non-linear problems, particle filter prevents linearization-caused errors and solves the problem that the traditional point matching Sandia algorithm easily produces divergence in a large-gravity anomalous change matching area. Through use of inertial navigation position information as quantity of state, a gravimeter measured value as observed quantity, bayesian estimation-based particle filter, and a random sample average replacing a probability density function conditional mean, inertial navigation system state variable is estimated.

The invention discloses a system for deciding the power shedding load based on line breaking fault rate prediction, which comprises an SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) system, a power meteorological on-line service system, a database server, an application server and a human-machine interconnected subsystem, wherein the SCADA system and the power meteorological on-line service system are accessed into the database server which is accessed into the human-machine interconnected subsystem through the application server; and finally, the human-machine interconnected subsystem is accessed into the SCADA system. The invention also discloses a load shedding method of a power system, which comprises the steps of on-line electric value data and real-time meteorological data acquisition, extreme value probability prediction of line breaking faults of a power transmission line, random optimizing, scheduling and modeling, sampling average approximate treatment of line transmission power chance constraint, differential evolution solving of a model and optimal load shedding capacity calculation. The invention has high calculation speed and high accuracy, thoroughly solves the technical problem of the random optimization scheduling of uncertain line breaking faults under extreme meteorological disaster and provides a reliable theoretical basis for a load shedding decision of the power system under the extreme meteorological disaster.

The invention relates to a sensing measuring instrument online soft calibration method and a device achieving the same. The method comprises the steps of collecting original data, obtaining an original sample total average value and an original sample standard deviation average value, obtaining an average value control graph and a standard deviation control graph, collecting detection data, obtaining a detection sample average value and a detection sample standard deviation, performing detection data dot drawing, performing result determination and outputting. According to the method, a measuring instrument is monitored by means of the control graphs, a control graph generation stage and a control graph detection stage are included, the method can precisely detect the accuracy of the measuring instrument during working, and therefore continuous and stable operation of a production line is ensured. The device is simple in structure, convenient to realize and easy to operate.

The invention discloses a high-accuracy automatic thickness control method and equipment based on thickness gauge subsection monitoring. The method comprises the following steps of: calculating the current predicted thickness value hp in real time from the moment that steel is bitten on a track to the moment that the steel is thrown by a rolling machine, and sampling and acquiring the mean value of hp; sampling and measuring thickness ha from the moment that a steel plate enters into a thickness gauge to the moment that the steel plate leaves from the thickness gauge, and acquiring the mean value of ha; calculating the outlet thickness absolute value hC, n and the subsection outlet thickness absolute value hC, n(i) of the next track according to the difference of the predicted thickness and the measured thickness; and calculating AGC (automatic gain control) regulating variable and subsection AGC regulating variable of the next track. The equipment comprises a predicted thickness calculating device, a sampling average device, an absolute thickness calculating device and an AGC adjusting device which are sequentially connected by virtue of electric signals. The method provided by the invention overcomes the defect of the traditional absolute value-way AGC method, and a thickness gauge subsection monitoring way is adopted to accurately measure errors of a thickness calculating model, thus high-accuracy calculation on the outlet thickness of rolling material is realized, and the thickness control accuracy is improved.

In a coercive force distribution analysis device, a magnetic field is applied in substantially vertical direction to a sample having a magnetic thin film capable of recording vertical magnetism. A magnetic flux detection signal is generated in accordance with the leaking magnetic flux generated from a magnetic domain of the sample surface while the sample is horizontally moved. A first and a second external magnetic field corresponding to a first and a second threshold value selected from hysteresis characteristic corresponding to the sample average magnetization are applied to the sample so as to generate image data on a first and a second magnetic domain. The first and the second image data are subjected to digitization processing by the first and the second threshold value and the difference between them is generated as a first coercive force distribution pattern.

A method for monitoring machine conditions is based on machine learning through the use of a statistical model. A correlation coefficient is calculated using weights assigned to each sample that indicate the likelihood that that sample is an outlier. The resulting correlation coefficient is more robust against outliers. The calculation of the weight is based on the Mahalanobis distance from the sample to the sample mean. Additionally, hierarchical clustering is applied to intuitively reveal group information among sensors. By specifying a similarity threshold, the user can easily obtain desired clustering results.

The invention discloses a mine gas concentration pre-warning method. The method includes: converting monitoring data of different shifts into a gas flow data sequence set Q; reconstructing each sequence in Q according to a set sample dimension m, reconstructing the monitoring data of each day to form n samples, determining the duration t of production influence, and using t as the separation point to calculate monitoring data sample average difference around a time point t' in an overhaul shift, calculating the average value mu and standard deviation sigma of an average difference sequence C in historical monitoring data, and determining the confidence interval of the influence of production factors on gas concentration under a certain confidence level to perform gas concentration pre-warning. The mine gas concentration pre-warning method has the advantages that gas monitoring data is decomposed into different time periods and time sequences according to a site production alternation system, sequence sample distance is introduced on the basis of statistical analysis, the influence of the production factors on gas discharge is presented quantitatively, the influence on the gas concentration is quantitatively presented by the confidence interval, and influence of the production factors on the gas discharge of a stope face can be analyzed effectively.

The invention relates to a fire detection method using flame color templates. Adopting a colorful CCD photography system, based on the regularity of distribution of the flame three primary colors in the color space, the invention collects a plurality of flame samples beforehand, makes analytical statistics on the flame color values to obtain sample average and variance, and inputs statistical results into computers as parameters. When the detector is working, the colorful CCD converts on-site images into digital signals, and sends to the computer internal memory through an image card; after obtaining the image data, the processor compares the data with the predetermined parameters, to judge whether the data conforms to the Gaussian distribution law; regions which meet the conditions are taken as questionable regions, and then the questionable regions are under differential processing to further analyze whether changes of the objects over time meet the characteristics of fires such as jump, flicker and instability. The invention increases reliability of fire detection, and can meet different requirements of fire detection, linked alarming, image monitoring, as well as fire and theft prevention.

The invention discloses an ultralow rank tensor data filling method, used to solve a technical problem that an existing tensor data processing method is low in precision. The technical scheme comprises: decomposing a tensor to a low-rank structure and a non-low-rank structure, using a Gaussian Mixture Model (MOG) to perform priori description on the non-low-rank structure, using a Gibbs to sample to obtain sample average of the non-low-rank structure E and the low-rank structure X which is decomposed based on CP, and using an average approximate band to obtain implicit tensor. On one hand, the method fully excavates sparsity of CANDECOMP / PARAFAC(CP) decomposed weight, and a low-rank model based on sparsity is established, on the other hand, the Gaussian Mixture Model (MOG) is used to simulate the complex non-low-rank structure. The two points ensure that even though under the condition of lower than 10% observation rate, the method can adaptively fill tensor. Through tests, relative reconstruction error is reduced, and reconstruction precision is improved.

The invention provides a hybrid offshore wind field direct current converter auxiliary converter and a control method. The control method comprises the steps of controlling the error of a sub module capacitor voltage rated value and a sub module string capacitor voltage sampling average value by adopting a PI regulator, outputting a ring current set signal amplitude value, and enabling the ring current set signal amplitude value to be multiplied with a unit standard sine wave signal to obtain a ring current set instantaneous value; obtaining an auxiliary converter internal ring current by calculating the difference value between the direct current side output current of the auxiliary converter and sub module string current, and controlling the error between the ring current set instantaneous value and the auxiliary converter internal ring current by adopting a first proportional regulator to obtain a ring current control voltage; and enabling the ring current control voltage, the sub module string direct current output voltage and the sub module string high-frequency voltage to be summed to obtain a modulation reference voltage of the sub module string. By virtue of ring current control, internal energy stability is realized, the auxiliary circulator can perform stable operation, bidirectional power transmission is realized, and reversed power transmission in the wind field starting stage can be realized.

The invention discloses a method for quantitatively detecting protein concentration by a flow cytometer, and specific protein concentration is detected by the combination of fluorescence immunological magnetic microspheres and flow cytometric detection. The method comprises the specific steps: preparing a fluorescence detection antibody; preparing fluorescence immunological magnetic microspheres and calibrating magnetic microspheres; making a standard article working curve, and acquiring actual protein concentration through unknown sample average fluorescence strength. The flow cytometry and the fluorescence immunological magnetic microspheres are combined for detecting protein concentration; specific protein molecular concentration is detected by using the method, a reaction system is small, measuring is more accurate, a detection lower limit is pg / ml level, specificity and sensitivity are high, operating is more convenient and quick, operating steps are simpler, incubation is direct without stepwise incubation and washing so that reaction time is shortened, detection results are obtained within a shorter time, and quantitating is more accurate.

The invention discloses a detection system and a detection method for aquatic dynamic target trail based on laser facula drift. The detection system comprises a laser, a CCD device and a signal processor. During use, the system is placed in water; the laser produces a unidirectional Gaussian beam; the CCD receives facula information; and the signal processor carries out the real-time treatment on the output of the CCD, and the detection of the aquatic dynamic target trail is realized through the detection of the drift amount of the laser facula. The method comprises the following process: 1, measuring the drift amount of the laser facula for a plurality of times in a laboratory environment, and giving the standards for judging whether the target trail exists or not and the range for judging the target trail characteristics; and 2, carrying out the real-time measurement of the facula drift amount in a real water area, and comparing the sample average and sample variance of a plurality of times of the measured facula drift amount with the judgment standards and the judgment range so as to judge the existence and the characteristics of the target trail. The invention has the advantages of high detection precision and long detection distance and can be applied to the distant precise detection of surface vessels and underwater vehicles.

The invention discloses a four-rotor aircraft fault diagnosis method, which concretely comprises the following steps of 1, measuring the flight height of a four-rotor aircraft; 2, estimating the flight height of the four-rotor aircraft through an ion filter; 3, comparing the measuring value in the first step and the estimating value in the second step, calculating the residual difference and drawing the residual different curve; 4, judging whether faults occur or not and the fault occurring time according to the residual difference curve in the third step. The method has the advantages that the fault is artificially exerted through changing the failure factor of an executor, the aircraft cannot be damaged, and safety and reliability are realized; the ion filtering is adopted for estimating the height of the aircraft; a random sample is used for approximately expressing the probability density function; the sample average value is used for replacing integral operation; the operation process is simple; the precision is high; the residual difference of the measuring value and the estimating value is calculated, and the residual difference curve is drawn; the fault occurring moment of the aircraft is visually observed through the residual difference curve.

The present invention relates to audio technology. In order to provide a kind of audio signal detection method that can effectively reduce the redundant detection of low-energy transient segment, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is, the audio signal transient segment detection method based on variance, comprises the following steps: Step 1: input a segment Audio signal, the audio signal is divided into frames, the frame length is N, and the mean value and standard deviation of each frame are calculated respectively according to the sample mean value and standard deviation formula, and then compared with the threshold value to determine whether this frame is a pre-transient frame; The pre-transient frame is divided into short signals with a length of M; the transient / stable state of this frame is judged twice; the transient / stable state of the processed frame is judged, if it is a transient frame, and the time when the transient occurs is marked Location. The invention is mainly applied to audio signal testing.

To evaluate an energy level of a signal received through a radio interface between radiocommunication stations, successive measurement samples depending on the energy of the signal are obtained, and an average of said samples is calculated, to evaluate the energy level. The calculation of the average of the samples is performed with an averaging duration depending on a service to which the received signal pertains.

The invention discloses a filtering device and filtering algorithm based on the 3-sigma rule, and belongs to the field of data processing. The filtering algorithm includes the steps of acquiring and storing large sample data, calculating a sample average and a sample standard deviation, obtaining a population expectation confidence interval, obtaining a population standard deviation confidence interval, obtaining a 3-sigma interval, and completing data filtering according to the obtained 3-sigma interval. The filtering device comprises a data receiving module, a data storage module, a filtering parameter calculating module, a confidence interval selecting module, a data filtering module, a data transmitting module and a parameter information display module. According to the filtering device and filtering algorithm based on the 3-sigma rule, the data with the low confidence can be filtered in the data acquisition process, noise interference in the information acquisition process can be shielded, and the information can be effectively guaranteed to more approach to the true environment.

The invention provides a method for filtering network attack traffic. The method comprises the following steps of: acquiring samples of network traffic as initial samples; summing the triplication of an average value of the initial samples and the triplication of a standard difference of the initial samples to obtain an intermediate threshold value; filtering samples greater than the intermediate threshold value to obtain remaining samples; obtaining a final threshold value according to an average value and a standard difference of the remaining samples, wherein the final threshold value is the sum of the triplication of the average value of the remaining samples and the triplication of the standard difference of the remaining samples; and filtering the network attack traffic according to the final threshold value. Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a more scientific and accurate method for calculating the final threshold value and achieves better attack traffic filtering effects.

The invention provides a definition method specification of a control specification limit in a statistical process control (Statistical Process Control, SPC), which comprises the following steps: step a, a sample group is provided; step b, k groups of bootstrap samples groups are chosen from the sample group in a bootstrap resampling way; step c, the average value and the relative standard deviation of the k groups of bootstrap sample groups are calculated from the k groups of bootstrap resampling sample groups; and step d, a control average value and a control standard deviation are calculated from the k groups of sample average value and relative standard deviation, wherein the control specification limit is the function of the control average value and the control standard deviation.

The invention discloses an efficient extraction method of friction fault characteristics in a vibration signal of a rotating shaft, comprising the following steps of: selecting a plurality of monitoring sections along the direction of the rotating shaft; mounting an eddy-current transducer to monitor the vibration signal (t) of the rotating shaft; carrying out two times of differential continuously on time by virtue of the actually-monitored vibration signal and carrying out burr point enhancement operation on the signal processed by the two times of differential to obtain Z(t); calculating statistic characteristics of the Z(t) signal to obtain a sample average, a sample variance and a signal Z'(t) without an average value; calculating a signal distortion amplitude fault degree coefficient and a distortion frequency rate fault degree coefficient; calculating average values of the signal distortion amplitude fault degree coefficients and the distortion frequency rate fault degree coefficients in a plurality of periods, and taking the maximum value umax in the two average values as friction fault degree coefficients to judge the friction fault degree; and judging a friction position according to the friction fault degree coefficient of each measuring point of the rotating shaft. The method disclosed by the invention can effectively amplify the early-period friction fault characteristics and improve the diagnosis accuracy of early-period friction faults.

The invention discloses a pretreatment method for wavelet data compression in sensor network. The pretreatment method comprises a cluster member node behavior and a cluster head node behavior. The cluster member node behavior mainly comprises the procedures that a sample average and a sample standard deviation of K perception data serve as approximate data features of environment of a cluster member node; the sample average change degree is utilized for balancing the changing degree of the environment; a cluster head node is informed of the corresponding sample average; the cluster head node behavior mainly comprises the procedures that a sample average of the cluster member node is utilized, and the cluster head node builds and maintains a sequential index of the cluster member node; the cluster head node obtains data of all cluster member nodes and generates a data vector according to the sequential index; discrete wavelet transform is carried out on the data, and an obtained approximation coefficient and part of coefficients are sent to a base station; invert wavelet transform is utilized, and the base station completes reconstitution of the perception data of the nodes in the cluster according to the obtained coefficients and the sequential index of the corresponding cluster member node.

The invention discloses an electric quantity detection method of a smectic phase liquid crystal screen. The method comprises the steps of: in an initialization process, removing a headmost pulses and b backmost pulses of m low-frequency high-voltage pulses applied to a row or column, carrying out p times of average sampling on the residual pulses, obtaining sampling average values, and using the minimum value in the (m-a-b) obtained sampling average values as the electric quantity information of the initialization phase; and when scanning is driven, removing c headmost pulses and d backmost pulses of n high-frequency high-voltage pulses applied to a row, carrying out once sampling on the residual pulses, averaging (n-c-d) sampling values, using the average value as a row sampling value, and taking the minimum value in all row sampling values obtained by scanning of all rows as the electric quantity information of the scanning driving phase. According to the invention, the electric quantity information in a screen refreshing process of the smectic phase liquid crystal screen is detected, so that prevention measures are taken before a low electric quantity, and abnormal display caused by waveform distortion of driving pulses is prevented.