The invention discloses a residential area ecological environment detection assessment and management system based on a cloud service platform, and relates to the technical field of ecological environment detection and assessment. The system includes a mobile video monitoring device, a sewage pipeline monitoring device, an environment real-time monitor, a water quality monitoring device, a noise analyzer, a big data analysis platform, a big data storage platform for internet of things, and a cloud computing platform. A terminal server is connected with a command and dispatch center, a state assessment module and a fault diagnosis module. According to the system, by collecting ecological environment parameters of a residential area in real time, a building density index, a traffic development index, a residential area ventilation index, a vegetation coverage index, a pollutant discharge index, an air pollution index, a water pollution index and a noise pollution index of the residentialarea are calculated through a cloud computing platform, the problem of it is difficult for a conventional analysis function to adapt to urban management business development and data structure and quantity changes, and the system facilitates management and improves the intelligence of data monitoring and collection.