The invention discloses a gridding management system for river and lake water body ecological data. The system comprises an on-site patrol positioning terminal, a background management server, a waterconservancy space database, a query workstation, video monitoring equipment and the Internet, wherein the on-site patrol positioning terminal, the query workstation and the video monitoring equipmentare in communication connection with the background management server through the Internet, and the on-site patrol positioning terminal and the background management server are in communication connection with the water conservancy space database through the Internet. According to the system, a river and lake water body gridding management system is adopted; the method is an inevitable need for implementing a green development concept, promoting the river growth system in the inland river and lake regions and realizing the long-acting management and protection target of river and lake water;full coverage of inspection, monitoring and gridding management of underground rivers and lakes can be achieved, lake area inspection management and lake-related illegal behaviors are mastered in realtime, the phenomena that someone inspects, reports someone, deals with nobody and cannot law enforcement are eradicated, and the problems of lake invasion illegal construction, illegal polder adding,lake surrounding land reclamation, water ecological degradation, disordered development and utilization and the like are solved.