The invention discloses a block chain technology-based food quality safety management system and a food quality safety management method. The system comprises a storage layer, a service layer, an interface layer, a function layer, a management layer and a user layer. The method comprises the steps of food quality intelligent management and food quality safety control. According to the invention, the block chain technology has the advantages of de-centralization, information transparency, non manipulation and the like. In combination with the internet of things sensor technology, the automaticdata acquisition is realized. Through the big data technology, the data information can be mined and analyzed. Therefore, a distributed, efficient and reliable food safety source tracing system is established. In addition, an intelligent contract is established, so that the automatic processing of the information is realized. A trust relationship between nodes is established according to a mathematical method. As a result, the third-party guarantee is not needed, and the transaction can be directly carried out between enterprises. The enterprise efficiency is greatly improved, and the cost isreduced.