181 results about "Water pollutants" patented technology

The invention provides an underground water pollutant concentration prediction method and system based on machine learning, and relates to the technical field of underground water pollutant concentration prediction.The method comprises the steps that historical data, hydrogeological parameters, meteorological data, human activity data and geochemical parameters of underground water pollutant concentration of a target area are preprocessed; dividing a training set, a verification set and a test set; constructing a preset resolution feature set based on a geochemical mechanism; selecting an adaptive machine learning model according to data characteristics and coupling a physical mechanism; performing hyper-parameter tuning by adopting Bayesian optimization, and supplementing small sample data in combination with transfer learning to complete model training; predicting the underground water pollutant concentration of the target area by using the trained model, and outputting a pollutant concentration prediction result with an uncertainty interval; the invention provides a technical scheme for predicting the concentration of underground water pollutants, which is efficient, accurate and high in adaptability.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water pollutant identification, and particularly relates to a water pollutant distinguishing method and system based on multi-source spectrum fusion. According to the method, ultraviolet visible spectrum data and three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum data are effectively integrated in a multi-source spectrum data fusion mode, so that the characteristic information of water pollutants is captured, stably appearing characteristic absorption wavebands can be positioned by utilizing the ultraviolet visible spectrum data, and the water pollutants can be accurately detected. The method comprises the following steps: identifying a characteristic sub-region capable of representing the fluorescence response characteristic of a pollutant through three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum data, in a characteristic extraction stage, performing first-order derivative operation on an ultraviolet visible spectrum to position an absorption peak position, calculating curvature distribution of a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum to identify the characteristic sub-region, and when a fusion characteristic is generated, performing first-order derivative operation on the three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum to identify the characteristic sub-region; according to the method, the key operation parameters are subjected to grid search optimization, and the optimal key operation parameter combination is screened out by performing multiple rounds of iterative training and evaluation on a preset training set and a verification set, so that the recognition performance of the real-time collected water sample is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of water pollutant removal, in particular to a UiO-66 / sodium carboxymethyl cellulose / polyvinyl alcohol / melamine sponge composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that zirconium chloride and terephthalic acid are dissolved in an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution, the mixed solution is transferred into a reaction kettle, and through solvothermal reaction, the UiO-66 / sodium carboxymethyl cellulose / polyvinyl alcohol / melamine sponge composite material is obtained; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing UiO-66 powder; putting UiO-66 powder into the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, and uniformly stirring the UiO-66 powder and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution to obtain a UiO-66 / CMC mixed solution; placing the UiO-66 / CMC mixed solution in a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and uniformly stirring the UiO-66 / CMC / PVA mixed solution to obtain a UiO-66 / CMC / PVA mixed solution; the preparation method comprises the following steps: dipping a melamine sponge in a UiO-66 / CMC / PVA mixed solution to obtain an adsorption saturated melamine sponge; the UiO-66 / CMC / PVA / coated MS composite material is obtained by repeatedly freezing and thawing the adsorption saturated melamine sponge for multiple times and then freeze-drying, the composite material can be used for rapidly, efficiently and selectively removing phosphate or fluorine ions and the like in water and is convenient to separate and recycle, and a new thought is provided for development of efficient water treatment adsorbent materials.

The invention relates to the technical field of pollution treatment of livestock and poultry breeding, in particular to a pollutant emission prediction and management system for a livestock and poultry farm, which comprises a data acquisition and storage unit, a data processing unit, a data processing unit and a data processing unit, and is characterized in that the data acquisition and storage unit is used for acquiring multi-source data of the farm in real time; the influence factor calculation unit obtains key influence factors influencing water quality change and malodorous gas based on production data and facility operation data of the farm; the model prediction analysis unit generates a predicted value of pollutant emission by using a dynamic multi-dimensional pollutant emission prediction model, and key influence factors are introduced in the prediction process for correction; and the management decision-making unit judges the early warning level and generates a control instruction according to the early warning level. According to the system, accurate prediction of emission of malodorous gas and water pollutants is realized by constructing a dynamic multi-dimensional pollutant emission prediction model, and meanwhile, the system not only prevents excessive emission of pollutants in advance, but also is deeply integrated with aquaculture production management to guide actual aquaculture operation.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a porous carbon material by recycling coal gasification slag and semi-coke wastewater, which comprises the following steps: by taking coal gasification fine slag as a carrier and semi-coke wastewater as a phenol source, carrying out flotation-acid leaching modification on the fine slag to purify a carbon-rich component and optimize the surface adsorption activity of the carbon-rich component; then fully adsorbing phenolic substances in the wastewater by utilizing the modified slag body; introducing a composite aldehyde cross-linking agent, and initiating an in-situ phenolic aldehyde polymerization reaction to generate a composite precursor; the precursor is subjected to high-temperature carbonization and alkali activation pore forming, and finally the porous carbon material with the characteristics of high specific surface area, rich graded pores and low ash content is prepared. According to the process, full-amount collaborative recycling of the two wastes is achieved, and the process is green and free of secondary pollution. The obtained material is high in carbon content and rich in defect structure and surface functional groups, shows excellent adsorption capacity and catalytic carrier performance, can be widely applied to the fields of deep purification of water pollutants, adsorption of volatile organic compounds, energy catalysis and the like, and has remarkable environmental protection benefits and resource economic values.

The invention discloses a water pollutant adsorbent. The water pollutant adsorbent is characterized by comprising a chelate prepared by reacting manganese dioxide with an EDTA-2Na (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid-2Na) solution. The invention also discloses a preparation method and a production system of the water pollutant adsorbent. The preparation method of the water pollutant adsorbent comprises the following steps: 1, crushing and grinding electrolytic manganese anode mud; 2, removing impurities in the electrolytic manganese anode slime to obtain filter residues; 3, cleaning the filter residues, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain an intermediate product; and 4, chelating modification. The water pollutant adsorbent production system comprises a reaction kettle. According to the technical scheme, the manganese dioxide raw material can be effectively utilized to prepare the pollutant adsorption and treatment material, and high-valued treatment of the electrolytic manganese anode mud solid waste is effectively achieved.

The invention relates to the technical field of water body pollution monitoring, in particular to a multispectral image fused water body pollutant accurate recognition system, which comprises a data acquisition module, a cloud processing module, a boundary processing module, a pollution recognition module, a diffusion prediction module and a visualization module, the system constructs sub-pixel representation of a water pollutant boundary by using a differential geometry manifold theory, and realizes high-precision pollutant boundary description through a multi-scale analysis and curvature flow optimization technology; enhancing pollutant characteristic expression by adopting multispectral image fusion and an optimal wave band selection technology; using a support vector machine model to accurately identify various pollutant types such as oil films, oil spots, algae blooms and the like; based on a boundary fine description result and a pollutant type identification result, the diffusion trend of pollutants is accurately predicted in combination with historical flow, wind direction and wind speed data, and the system improves the water pollutant boundary identification precision and enhances the identification capability of complex boundary forms and low-contrast regions.

The invention discloses a pre-training model and multi-source coding feature fusion-based water pollutant molecular property prediction method and system, and relates to the technical field of environmental science and artificial intelligence crossing. Comprising the steps of collecting pollutant data; the collected pollutant data is preprocessed; taking SMILES as a molecular input basis, and extracting molecular features; according to the molecular features, feature vectors are obtained from an encoder and then input to a vector interaction module for feature fusion; and embedding the comprehensive molecules obtained after feature fusion into an expert mixed structure module to obtain comprehensive representation of an expert mechanism, inputting the comprehensive representation of the expert mechanism into a preset prediction head, and completing prediction of molecular properties through the prediction head. According to the method, the molecular language model features, the molecular graph neural network features and the molecular descriptor features are integrated, and feature fusion is carried out by utilizing an attention mechanism and residual connection, so that high-precision prediction of the molecular properties of pollutants is realized.

A water pollutant detection method based on absorption-electrochemical characteristic fusion belongs to the technical field of environmental monitoring, and comprises the following steps: respectively acquiring absorption spectrum data and current-potential data through a spectrometer and an electrochemical workstation, highlighting key peak position characteristics by using an attention mechanism, and inhibiting redundancy and noise interference; extracting local and global features of the two types of signals by using a convolutional neural network, and splicing the local and global features to obtain joint representation; and cross-modal feature fusion is realized through a dynamic routing mechanism of the capsule network, and a spatial relationship and a hierarchical structure between features are captured. And finally, constructing a classification and regression double-branch output structure to realize pollutant type identification and concentration prediction. Compared with an existing single detection technology, the detection sensitivity of the low-concentration pollutants can be remarkably improved, the distinguishing problem of peak value overlapping is effectively solved, the selectivity and robustness of the system are enhanced, and therefore high-precision integrated detection of the water pollutants is achieved.

The utility model provides a sewage pollutant treatment device. The sewage pollutant treatment device comprises an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, a cation exchange membrane, an aeration structure and a data acquisition system, the anode chamber contains electrogenesis bacteria liquid containing electrogenesis bacteria; an anode carbon rod is inserted into the anode chamber and is filled with an anode graphite carbon felt; a cathode carbon rod is inserted into the cathode chamber, and a cathode graphite carbon felt is arranged on the cathode carbon rod; the cation exchange membrane is arranged between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and the cation exchange membrane is a proton exchange membrane; the conventional pollutants in the sewage are decomposed by utilizing electrogenesis bacteria in an anode solution in the anode chamber, chemical energy is converted into electric energy, and electrons and protons are generated; electrons reach the cathode through an external circuit, and protons are transmitted to the cathode chamber through the cation exchange membrane; the aeration structure is communicated with the cathode chamber, oxygen dissolved in the cathode chamber is combined with electrons and protons to generate H2O2, then the H2O2 and Fe < 2 + > are subjected to a Fenton reaction to generate hydroxyl radical.OH, and the hydroxyl radical.OH mineralizes novel pollutants in a cathode solution.

The invention provides a navigation mark monitoring data processing method and a navigation mark monitoring data processing system for ship water pollutant discharge, which are applied to the technical field of sewage discharge, and are used for obtaining readings of various types of water quality sensors on navigation marks in real time and calculating the change rate of the readings in a preset monitoring time period. And intelligent judgment is carried out according to a combination mode of reading change rates of different sensors. The method can intelligently distinguish the fault of the sensor from the actual water pollution, and significantly improves the accuracy of the monitoring data and the reliability of pollution event identification, thereby avoiding the wrong attribution of the pollution responsibility, and providing a more accurate and more reliable monitoring means for the water environment protection.

The invention provides a treatment device and a treatment method for formaldehyde-containing wastewater. The treatment device comprises an adjusting unit, a degradation pretreatment unit and an anaerobic membrane biological reaction unit, the anaerobic membrane biological reaction unit comprises an anaerobic digestion sludge reaction zone, a membrane separation zone and a reconnection piece, the anaerobic digestion sludge reaction zone is communicated with the membrane separation zone, one end of the reconnection piece is communicated with the membrane separation zone, and the other end of the reconnection piece is communicated with the anaerobic digestion sludge reaction zone. The method can effectively remove formaldehyde, COD and other pollutants in the polyformaldehyde wastewater, effectively resists to-be-treated wastewater pollutant concentration fluctuation and violent water quantity and water quality impact, and has the advantages of low sludge yield, stable treatment and up-to-standard effluent quality.

The invention provides a low-permeability stratum polluted groundwater remediation device and method.The low-permeability stratum polluted groundwater remediation device comprises an industrial personal computer, the industrial personal computer is used for controlling the working state of an extraction mechanism according to information in a pumping well, and a first monitoring mechanism and a second monitoring mechanism monitor the concentration change of groundwater pollutants and feed the groundwater pollution condition back to the industrial personal computer; the extraction mechanism is used for pumping underground water into the underground water purifier for treatment; the transmission mechanism changes the position of the extraction mechanism according to the distribution of underground water pollutants; the low-permeability stratum polluted groundwater remediation device and method have the advantages that the groundwater extraction efficiency is improved, the groundwater pollutant extraction effect can be effectively improved, and the groundwater extraction operation cost is reduced.

The invention relates to a water pollutant real-time monitoring and early warning method and system based on the Internet of Things. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring real-time pollutant concentration data and hydrological parameter data of each monitoring point in a monitored water body; based on the real-time pollutant concentration data and the hydrological parameter data, diffusion characteristics of pollutants in all the monitoring points are extracted, and pollutant diffusion characteristic vectors of all the monitoring points are obtained; based on the pollutant diffusion feature vector and the real-time pollutant concentration data, analyzing the interaction between the pollutant in each monitoring point and the monitored water body to obtain an interaction improvement rate; generating a potential risk probability map of the monitored water body based on the interaction improvement rate, the hydrological parameter data and the real-time pollutant concentration data; and generating a water pollution early warning signal based on the potential risk probability map. By adopting the method, the timeliness and accuracy of water pollution monitoring and early warning can be improved.

The utility model discloses an in-situ regulation and control device for underground water pollutant conversion conditions, and belongs to the technical field of underground water in-situ remediation. The in-situ regulation and control device comprises a case, a top plate, a stirring rib, a suspension rope and an aeration system, a submersible motor is arranged in the case, and an output shaft of the submersible motor penetrates through the top surface of the case; the top plate is fixed to the top face of the machine box through a supporting rod and is parallel to the top face of the machine box. One end of the stirring rib is connected with an output shaft of the submersible motor, and the other end is rotationally connected with the top plate; the suspension rope is connected with the top plate; the aeration system comprises an air stone, an aeration pipe and a regulation and control air source, and the air stone is arranged on the top surface of the case and is communicated with the regulation and control air source through the aeration pipe. The stirring ribs are driven by the submersible motor to rotate, so that more regulation and control gas blown out of the bubble stone diffuses in the radial direction of the well casing, the diffusivity of the regulation and control gas to underground water is improved, and the in-situ regulation and control effect of underground water pollutant conversion conditions is enhanced.

This invention relates to the field of groundwater sampling devices, and more particularly to a sampling device for detecting groundwater pollutants. The technical solution includes: a rope and multiple samplers detachably mounted on the rope. Each sampler has a flow hole allowing water to pass through it. A contraction structure includes a first pull rope and a first control rope connected to the first pull rope. A sealing structure is installed inside the upper and lower ends of each sampler. The sealing structure includes a flexible, annular membrane, on which a second, annular pull rope is fitted. This invention reduces mixing of water layers at different depths, prevents disruption of the natural stratification of the water body, and allows for large-scale sampling of the water body in a single operation. This prevents the problem of small water samples affecting the accuracy, representativeness, and reliability of the analysis results, and avoids the problem of repeated water sampling exacerbating water body interference.

The invention discloses a fractionation method of an endocrine disrupter in an environmental water body, and belongs to the technical field of water body pollutant analysis. The fractionation method of the endocrine disrupter in the environmental water body comprises the following steps: S1, enriching and concentrating a water sample to obtain a to-be-fractionated liquid; s2, fractionating the to-be-fractionated liquid by adopting an analytical liquid chromatography system and a C18 semi-preparative chromatographic column to obtain fractions. According to the method, high-resolution synchronous fractionation of the endocrine disrupter in a wide polarity range (Log Kw:-0.19-6.62) is realized, the defects of low fractionation efficiency and high solvent consumption of the traditional semi-preparative liquid chromatography are effectively overcome by optimizing a gradient program of an analytical liquid chromatography system, the time and economic cost are saved, and the method is suitable for industrial production. And the fraction can be directly compatible with biological activity test after salting-out-extraction treatment.

The system comprises a data acquisition and input module, a data preprocessing module, a three-dimensional geological construction module, a solute transport module and a visualization and interaction module, the data acquisition and input module is used for multi-source data acquisition, the data preprocessing module is used for data cleaning and sorting, and the three-dimensional geological construction module is used for three-dimensional geological construction. The three-dimensional geological construction module is used for constructing a three-dimensional geological model, the solute transport module is used for simulating the transport of pollutants under the action of underground water flow, and the visualization and interaction module is used for displaying simulation results and performing user interaction. According to the invention, an improved pollutant transport channel intelligent description and dynamic modeling algorithm is provided to construct a three-dimensional geologic structure model, and an improved pollutant transport high-precision feature-operator splitting algorithm is provided to simulate the transport of pollutants under the action of underground water flow. And a better scheme is provided for the underground water pollutant flow direction determination method and system based on multi-source data detection.

This invention discloses an adaptive zoning management method for water environment pollutants based on differences in ecosystem service functions, belonging to the field of environmental risk assessment and pollutant management technology. The method includes the following steps: S1, ecosystem service function zone division; S2, establishment of a candidate pollutant inventory and concentration measurement; S3, construction of a differentiated multi-criteria evaluation system; S4, comprehensive subjective and objective weighting, determining the weights of each evaluation indicator for each ecosystem service function zone using a comprehensive subjective and objective weighting method; S5, pollutant priority ranking and inventory generation; S6, implementation of differentiated management measures. This invention, by constructing a zoning assessment framework and integrating multi-criteria decision analysis and a mixed subjective and objective weighting model, achieves accurate identification and scientific ranking of the environmental and health risks of pollutants in different functional zones. By generating a differentiated priority management inventory for each zone, it achieves the technical effect of transforming from unified supervision to precise adaptive management.

The invention discloses a support system and method based on water ecological environment problem discovery and promotion solution, and the system comprises a water quality data construction module which is used for constructing a pollution source management system data set, a water quality monitoring data set, a water ecological monitoring data set and a satellite remote sensing data set according to collected water quality data; the water quality data management module is used for integrating the collected data sets to obtain an integrated data set; the water quality analysis module is used for analyzing the cause of pollutant concentration change in the integrated data, the incidence relation among the indexes of the water pollutants in different weather and the spatial distribution rule of the pollutant concentration, carrying out balance accounting on the water pollutants and automatically generating a report result; the development problem handling module is used for issuing problems to related districts and counties according to the result of the intelligent problem research and judgment report; according to the invention, a plurality of data centers are automatically integrated and analyzed, so that intelligent identification, evaluation and quick response processing of the water pollution problem are realized.

The utility model discloses online sampling and detecting equipment for water pollutants, relates to the technical field of water pollutant detection, solves the technical problem that sampling, detecting and washing cannot be automatically and repeatedly carried out in the existing technical scheme, and comprises a main vehicle body, a mounting frame is fixedly mounted on the upper wall surface of the vehicle body, and a detecting pipe is fixedly mounted on the mounting frame; the detection pipe is a vertical pipe, a detection laser transmitter is arranged at the upper end in the detection pipe, and a detection laser receiver is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the detection pipe. According to the utility model, the unique control valve is matched with a sampling and flushing structure, so that the automatic switching of water samples and the automatic flushing of the detection pipe can be realized; water sample residues and cross contamination are effectively avoided, and the accuracy and representativeness of detection data are greatly improved; the device integrates a controller and a touch screen, operation can be completed conveniently in a touch mode, multiple sampling detection modes are supported, manual guarding is not needed, and the device is suitable for long-time unmanned online monitoring in various water environments.

The invention discloses a water treatment intelligent control method and system based on dynamic prediction and real-time optimization, and the method comprises the steps: time sequence prediction: predicting the influent pollutant concentration in a future time period, and generating an agent adding control pre-instruction; abnormity monitoring and instruction generation: carrying out abnormity detection on the sensor data; a dosing amount instruction is generated and output; instruction execution and closed-loop learning: executing a dosing amount instruction to perform dosing, and performing online training and optimization on the model; according to the method disclosed by the invention, the change of dosing from passive response to active prediction is realized, the chemical consumption and the operation cost are remarkably reduced while the stability of the effluent quality is improved, and the reliability, the anti-interference performance and the long-term applicability of the system are also greatly enhanced by the enhanced exception handling capacity and the self-adaptive learning mechanism; and an efficient solution is provided for refined and intelligent operation of a water treatment process.

The invention discloses a method for degrading benzo (alpha) pyrene in water by using gamma rays, belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and aims to solve the technical problem that the degradation efficiency and the degradation degree of the benzo (alpha) pyrene in the water by using the gamma rays in the prior art need to be further improved. An iron circulation-peroxymonosulfate composite system composed of a quaternized porous aromatic material, a sulfonated silicon-based hybrid channel material and a cross-linked beta-cyclodextrin material in a synergistic manner is constructed, and the quaternized porous aromatic material realizes stable enrichment of pollutants and peroxymonosulfate through a positive electricity interface; the sulfonated silicon-based hybrid channel material provides a continuous coordination and electron transfer environment for iron species, the cross-linked beta-cyclodextrin material performs confinement and secondary inclusion on hydrophobic pollutants and intermediates, and the sulfonated silicon-based hybrid channel material, the cross-linked beta-cyclodextrin material, the hydrophobic pollutants and the intermediates form a mutually linked reaction path in structure and function, so that construction and maintenance of a reaction micro-domain and continuous organization of the reaction path are realized, and the hydrophobic pollutants and the intermediates are subjected to continuous coordination and electron transfer. Therefore, the degradation efficiency and the cycling stability of pollutants are remarkably improved.

The present application belongs to the technical field of water pollutant removal, and particularly relates to a water microplastic efficient removal and green catalytic degradation method. The water microplastic efficient removal and green catalytic degradation method comprises the following steps: preparing a lignin carbon-based magnetic adsorption material; adding the lignin carbon-based magnetic adsorption material to a polluted water body containing microplastics to perform an adsorption reaction; under an inert atmosphere, performing thermal degradation on the lignin carbon-based magnetic adsorption material adsorbing the microplastics to realize in-situ catalytic degradation and recovery of the microplastics and regeneration of the lignin carbon-based magnetic adsorption material. In the in-situ catalytic thermal degradation process of the microplastics, the biochar plays a role of an in-situ catalyst, can promote the in-situ catalytic thermal degradation of the microplastics, generates high-value hydrocarbon byproducts, realizes green thermal degradation and reuse of the microplastics, and regenerates the carbon-based adsorption material.

This invention relates to the field of water quality monitoring technology, specifically to an AI-driven intelligent detection method for water pollution events. The method includes: acquiring pipeline geometric parameters, numerical water quality indicators, and visual images of the water body using intelligent sensors, and extracting multi-dimensional water quality monitoring indicators to generate a water pollution feature tensor; generating a physical constraint deviation term in the loss function using the hydrodynamic convection-diffusion equation, and performing drift compensation on the measured values ​​of the intelligent sensors based on this physical constraint deviation term to construct a water quality evolution prediction model; inputting the water pollution feature tensor into the water quality evolution prediction model to output a three-dimensional dynamic diffusion field of water pollutants; and performing source tracing using a spatiotemporal field inversion operator to calculate the coordinate probability distribution of potential pollution sources and generate early warning commands. This invention improves the robustness and source tracing confidence of complex pipeline monitoring systems through physical consistency constraints and drift compensation.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water environment detection, and particularly relates to a portable detection device and method for the total discharge amount of water pollutants. The portable detection device at least comprises a three-electrode sensor module, a potentiostat module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a microcontroller, a peripheral circuit of the microcontroller, a Bluetooth module and a power module, and the three-electrode sensor module comprises a working electrode coated with a tungsten oxide film, a reference electrode and a counter electrode; the constant potential rectifier comprises at least two electrode channels, is connected with the microcontroller and the analog-to-digital conversion module and is used for controlling voltage to detect hydrology and water quality parameters; and the Bluetooth module is used for being paired with intelligent equipment to transmit data. The portable water environment detection device and the hydrology and water quality synchronous detection method can be provided, the problem that scattered and small drain outlets cannot be detected is effectively solved, and the detection device is provided for real-time online evaluation of the total discharge amount of water pollutants.

This invention belongs to the field of water pollutant analysis and detection, and relates to a qualitative and quantitative analysis method for metal cyanides in water. The invention involves loading star-shaped gold nanoparticles onto a silica substrate to obtain a slide. The slide is reacted with standard solutions of different types and concentrations of metal cyanides, and the resulting spectra at specific wavelengths are obtained. A standard curve is then plotted based on the corresponding absorbance. The slide is then reacted with a water sample to be tested, and the sample's spectrum and absorbance at a specific wavelength are obtained. The type of metal cyanide in the water sample is determined based on the degree of fit of the spectrum. The concentration of metal cyanides in the water sample is calculated by substituting the absorbance at the specific wavelength into the standard curve, thus completing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of metal cyanides in the water. The method provided by this invention is simple and rapid. With only a slide required, a small spectroscopic instrument can be used to complete the qualitative and quantitative analysis of metal cyanides in water, enabling rapid on-site detection.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photocatalytic materials, and particularly relates to a method based on one-step in-situ synthesis of a copper cyanophenylacetylene / copper phenylacetylene (CN-PhCCu / PhCCu) homogeneous heterojunction composite photocatalyst and application. The homogeneous heterojunction composite photocatalyst with a compact interface structure is synthesized in situ in one step under a mild condition by regulating and controlling the ratio of copper cyanophenylacetylene (CN-PhCCu) to copper phenylacetylene (PhCCu). The heterojunction can effectively promote exciton dissociation and photo-induced electron delocalization, remarkably inhibit charge recombination and improve the utilization efficiency of visible light. Experiments show that the composite photocatalyst shows excellent degradation performance on various water pollutants such as diclofenac (DCF) under irradiation of visible light, and has the advantages of high degradation efficiency, wide pH application range, strong coexisting ion interference resistance and the like. The method disclosed by the invention is simple in process and mild in condition, and provides a new material and technical support for efficient visible light driven water body pollution control.

The invention discloses a surface-enhanced Raman detection substrate for water pollutant detection and a preparation method thereof, a dendritic cluster structure formed by naturally drying nanogold sol on a hydrophobic carbon film is constructed, the dendritic cluster structure is transferred and fixed on a tin foil-glass slide substrate, and the dendritic nanogold structure forms dense hot spots through droplet self-assembly, so that the surface-enhanced Raman detection substrate for water pollutant detection is obtained. The local electromagnetic field enhancement effect is obviously improved, so that high sensitivity is obtained; meanwhile, the structure is spontaneously formed on the hydrophobic substrate, the process does not need complex equipment or accurate control, only natural drying is needed, the preparation process is greatly simplified, and the reproducibility between batches is improved; and finally, the structure is stably fixed on the glass slide through the ultraviolet curing adhesive, so that the structure does not fall off in the detection process, and the signal is stable. Therefore, on the premise of ensuring high detection sensitivity, simplicity and convenience of substrate preparation, structural stability and high reproducibility of a detection result are realized, and the method is particularly suitable for on-site rapid SERS detection of trace pollutants in a complex water body.

The invention relates to the technical field of catalyst preparation, and particularly discloses a non-stoichiometric selenium-doped Cu7.2 S4 photocatalyst based on carbon coating and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing copper-based metal organic framework precursor powder, then mixing the copper-based metal organic framework precursor powder with a selenium source and a sulfur source, and carrying out high-temperature post-vulcanization, selenylation and carbonization processes to prepare the photocatalyst. The photocatalyst prepared by the invention comprises selenium-doped Cu7. 2S4 and a carbon matrix material, wherein the carbon matrix material is coated on the surfaces of selenium-doped Cu7. 2S4 particles. The prepared photocatalyst has good visible light response, excellent carrier transport performance and good stability, can generate superoxide free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals under visible light irradiation, further shows excellent water pollutant photocatalytic degradation capacity and has good application prospects.