The invention relates to a microbial index-based
estuary and coastal environment ecological evaluation method, which comprises the following steps of: selecting representative sampling points, collecting
sediment samples, analyzing and evaluating pressure gradients generated by human activities to
estuary and coastal environments through physicochemical indexes, and constructing pressure indexes according to a reference standard, the comprehensive environment
pressure index of each sampling point is constructed and calculated to reflect the overall condition of the target area environment; evaluating the
health condition of large
invertebrate communities in
estuary and coastal environments and the response of the communities to human pressure, and calculating a
marine organism index AMBI, so as to display the
ecological health condition of a region; a high-
throughput sequencing technology is used for identifying
microorganism composition,
pollution indicator bacteria are defined, a
microorganism index M-AMBI value is calculated according to the
pollution indicator bacteria, and the
ecological health condition of each sampling point is graded; and finally, verifying the reliability of an ecological
evaluation result through
statistical analysis. According to the method, multi-dimensional data are integrated, the
ecology of the estuary and coastal environment is comprehensively evaluated, a scientific basis is provided for revealing an environment pressure source and an ecological effect thereof, formulation of a precise
environment management strategy is assisted,
pollution risks are effectively prevented and controlled, and
sustainable development of an estuary and coastal ecological
system is promoted.