The invention provides a multi-target tracking method integrating obvious characteristics and block division templates. A target motion area is detected by adoption of RGB component background difference and an iterative threshold, and the adaptive ability of a motion detection algorithm to scene illumination change is improved. Based on target area block division, a motion pixel color saliency weighted block centroid model, block centroid shifting fusion and a scale updating method, the calculation efficiency is high, the resistance to partial occlusion is high, and the similar color scene jamming ability is strong. The problem of multi-target measuring-tracking distribution is solved by adoption of two-level data association, and an occluded local area can be accurately positioned. Therefore, adaptive template updating is guided by an occlusion matrix, a reliable global centroid transfer vector is obtained by making use of effective colors and motion information of blocks, and finally, continuous, stable and fast multi-target tracking in complex scenes is realized. The multi-target tracking method integrating obvious characteristics and block division templates is applied to fields like intelligent video surveillance, in-air multi-target tracking and attacking, and multi-task tracking intelligent robots.