The invention discloses a noise sensing and identifying device and a method for a civil aircraft, and the noise sensing and identifying device belongs to the technical field of civil aviation. The device comprises a microphone module, a master control module, a storage module, a sound feature extraction module and a judging module. The method comprises the following steps of: Step 1, extracting noise of aircrafts in different working stations, different directions and different distances of civil aircrafts with different models, and analyzing the noise of the aircrafts to obtain a supporting vector; Step 2, collecting the noise of the aircrafts and analyzing the noise of the aircrafts to obtain a feature vector; and Step 3, carrying out a linear operation for the feature vector and the supporting vector to obtain a judging result. The device provided by the invention integrates functions of sound collection, noise extraction of the aircrafts, feature vector extraction of the noise of the aircrafts, supporting vector training of the noise of the aircrafts and analysis of the noise of the aircrafts, and meanwhile, the device has the characteristic of high timeliness for sensing and identifying the noise of the aircrafts.