This invention discloses a method for predicting and protecting the overheating risk of asynchronous motors, specifically relating to the field of
motor control and protection technology. Based on an intelligent fusion model, it estimates temperature and thermal
stress field, calculates the rate of change of thermal stress, non-uniformity, and hotspot trends, and calculates a dynamic
health index using historical data. These parameters are then input into a multi-objective
reinforcement learning controller to optimize long-term health and short-term performance, generating a thermal shaping
control vector to regulate the motor. This invention combines physical mechanisms with data-driven approaches through an intelligent fusion model, utilizing a graph neural network to learn the structure of the heat conduction graph and verify physical laws, thereby improving the accuracy of
thermal state estimation. It achieves a multi-dimensional risk characterization combining transient
impact and cumulative effects through the rate of change of thermal stress, non-uniformity, hotspot trends, and dynamic
health index. By optimizing long-term health and short-term performance losses, a thermal shaping
control vector is generated to achieve regulation from passive protection to active prevention, extending the motor's service life.