932 results about "Fine structure" patented technology

An aggregate of carbon-based fine structures in which a plurality of carbon-based fine structures are collected, wherein respective carbon-based fine structures are oriented in the same direction. The above aggregate of carbon-based fine structures is an aggregate of a plurality of carbon-based fine structures in a state they are pulled by one another with strong interaction, and has such a length that allows the improvement of the handleability and workability thereof.

The present invention provides a photoacoustic spectrometer that is field portable and capable of speciating complex organic molecules in the gas phase. The spectrometer has a tunable light source that has the ability to resolve the fine structure of these molecules over a large wavelength range. The inventive light source includes an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) having combined fine and coarse tuning. By pumping the OPO with the output from a doped-fiber optical amplifier pumped by a diode seed laser, the inventive spectrometer is able to speciate mixtures having parts per billion of organic compounds, with a light source that has a high efficiency and small size, allowing for portability. In an alternative embodiment, the spectrometer is scanned by controlling the laser wavelength, thus resulting in an even more compact and efficient design.

The invention discloses a method and system for speech or audio signal bandwidth expansion, which comprises: A. to simulate spectral envelope of the high-frequency signal components in the speech or audio signal. B. to make a synthesis of the said spectrum envelope and the low-frequency signal components corresponding to the high-frequency signal components in the frequency and spatial domain to obtain the reset high-frequency signal components. The invention also discloses the method and system to realize the said bandwidth expansion, the technical scheme offered by which has the advantage of less bit number of coding that can be adaptively adjusted based on the type features of the signals. Besides, by extracting spectrum envelope of the high-frequency signal components, the invention makes the fine structure acted on the low-frequency signal components corresponding frequency and spatial domain to guarantee the correlation between the reset high-frequency signal spectrum and the harmonization of the high-frequency signal spectrum lopped during coding.

In one embodiment, a method of transceiving an audio signal is disclosed. The method includes providing low band spectral information having a plurality of spectrum coefficients and predicting a high band extended spectral fine structure from the low band spectral information for at least one subband, where the high band extended spectral fine structure are made of a plurality of spectrum coefficients. The predicting includes preparing the spectrum coefficients of the low band spectral information, defining prediction parameters for the high band extended spectral fine structure and index ranges of the prediction parameters, and determining possible best indices of the prediction parameters, where determining includes minimizing a prediction error between a reference subband in high band and a predicted subband that is selected and composed from an available low band. The possible best indices of the prediction parameters are transmitted.

The present invention relates to a novel printable etching medium having non-Newtonian flow behaviour for the etching of surfaces in the production of solar cells and to the use thereof. In particular, the invention relates to corresponding particle-containing compositions by means of which extremely fine structures can be etched very selectively without damaging or attacking adjacent areas.

Fine structure stents physiologically acceptable to the body.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a metal titanium or titanium alloy super-oleophobic surface. The method comprises the following steps of: performing primary anodic oxidation treatment on metal titanium or titanium alloy to obtain a roughened surface with a microstructure; forming a titanium dioxide nanotube array film on the surface with microstructure through secondary anodic oxidation so as to obtain a composite fine structured micro-nanostructure; and modifying with a low-surface-energy substance to obtain the super-oleophobic surface and the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic surface. The metal titanium or titanium alloy surface has super-oleophobic and super-hydrophobic characteristics for multiple kinds of organic liquid, the static contact angle is greater than 155 degrees; the rolling angle is less than 10 degrees; meanwhile, the surface also shows superior super-oleophobic and super-hydrophobic characteristics for pure water and aqueous solution of acid, alkali and salt.

There is provided a fine pattern transfer, belt-shaped mold, with which a fine structure having a high aspect ratio can be formed rapidly and stably using nanoimprinting, and a fine pattern transfer system (a nanoimprint system) that employs this mold. According to the present invention, a nanoimprint mold includes: a belt-shaped support member; a plurality of stampers, for each of which a fine convex-and-concave pattern, to be transferred, is formed on one surface; and an adhesive member, to which the belt-shaped support member and the stampers are to be securely adhered, wherein the adhesive member includes a porous member and adhesive layers, which are deposited on either face of the porous member, for impregnating one part of the porous member, and wherein, for the porous member, a porous area that is not impregnated with the adhesive layers, is provided and positioned so as to sandwich the porous member between portions impregnated with the adhesive layers.

A substrate is provided which comprises an organic resin layer on a base material, wherein the base material has an average surface roughness of not less than 1.2 nm but no more than 5 nm and a maximum height of a surface unevenness of not less than 0.1 μm but no more than 1.0 μm; the organic resin layer has an average surface roughness of not more than 1 nm and a maximum peak height of a surface unevenness of not more than 30 nm; and at least a part of a surface of the organic resin layer comprises a hydrophilic region.

A micro structure which is preferred as an original plate of an antireflection, a mold of nano imprint or injection molding is obtained by a single particle film etching mask on which each particle is precisely aligned and closest packed in two dimensions. A single particle film etching mask is produced by a drip step wherein a dispersed liquid in which particles dispersed in a solvent are dripped onto a liquid surface of a water tank, a single particle film formation step in which a single particle film which consists of the particles by volatizing a solvent is formed, and a transfer step in which the single particle film is transferred to a substrate. The single particle film etching mask on which particles are closest packed in two dimensions, has a misalignment D(%) of an array of the particles that is defined by D(%)=|B−A|×100/A being less than or equal to 10%. However, A is the average diameter of the particles, and B is the average pitch between the particles in the single particle film.

An aluminum (Al) alloy wire, which is an extra fine wire having a wire diameter of 0.5 mm or less, contains, in mass %, Mg at 0.03% to 1.5%, Si at 0.02% to 2.0%, at least one element selected from Cu, Fe, Cr, Mn and Zr at a total of 0.1% to 1.0% and the balance being Al and impurities, and has an electrical conductivity of 40% IACS or more, a tensile strength of 150 MPa or more, and an elongation of 5% or more. By producing the extra fine wire from an Al alloy of a specific composition containing Zr, Mn and other specific elements, though the extra fine wire is extra fine, it has a fine structure with a maximum grain size of 50 μm or less and is superior in elongation.

A new family of multifunctional smart coatings based on of stabilized diamond-like metal-carbon atomic scale composites and diamond-like atomic-scale composite (DL ASC) materials. Based on a unique combination of the coating fine structure, properties of the coating/substrate interface, and the mechanical and electrical properties of the coating, the disclosed smart coatings would integrate various high resolution sensors and interconnections, and the sensor would diagnose dangerous stress distribution in the coated subject with no distortion in real time, while these diamond-like coatings would simultaneously provide environmental protection of the coated surface and improve its aerodynamic quality.

The invention provides a fast magnetic resonance imaging method and device based on a deep convolution neural network. The fast magnetic resonance imaging method comprises steps of constructing a deep convolution neural network, obtaining an offline magnetic resonance image data, training the deep convolution neural network, learning a mapping relation between an undersampled magnetic resonance image and a full sampled image, using a deep convolution neural network learned through the S2 to reconstruct a resonance image. The fast magnetic resonance imaging method and device based on deep convolution neural network learn an offline deep convolution neural network through using substantial sampled magnetic resonance data, learns a mapping relation between the sampled magnetic resonance image and the full sampled image, fully uses offline substantial the magnetic resonance images to develop the prior information, enables the offline network to recover more fine structure and image characteristics from the undersampled resonance data and improves the magnetic resonance multiple and the imaging accuracy.

A method and apparatus to encode/decode a low bit-rate audio signal. The method of encoding a low bit-rate audio signal, includes quantizing and losslessly-encoding a specific frequency component of an audio signal in a frequency domain, generating codebooks using the audio signal in the frequency domain, detecting an envelope of a frequency component of the audio signal other than the specific frequency component in a specific band unit and quantizing and losslessly-encoding the detected envelope of the other frequency component, selecting a codebook that is most similar to the other frequency component of the audio signal to be encoded from among the generated codebooks and determining a codebook index (fine structure), losslessly-encoding the determined codebook index, and generating a bit stream using the specific frequency component, the envelope of the other frequency component, and the determined codebook index. The method of decoding a low bit-rate audio signal, includes restoring and dividing a bit stream into a specific frequency component and a frequency component other than the specific frequency component, losslessly-decoding and inversely quantizing the specific frequency component, restoring codebook index information and envelope information about the other frequency component, generating codebooks using the specific frequency component which is inversely quantized, and restoring the other frequency component using the restored codebook index information and the restored envelope information about the other frequency component.

The invention relates to a forging method, in particular to a multidirectional forging method for obtaining a high-alloyed high-temperature alloy sheared billet/biscuit with the uniform and fine structure. The multidirectional forging method includes the following steps that (1) high-temperature homogenizing treatment is conducted on a low-segregation and high-purity controlled directional solidification ingot blank; (2) the controlled directional solidification ingot blank is subjected to upsetting and cogging; (3) the upset blank is forged into a cuboid blank; (4) multidirectional forging is conducted on the cuboid blank; (5) the blank subjected to multidirectional forging for multiple cycles is subjected to finishing, so that a shear billet/biscuit of the required size is obtained; and (6) the obtained shear billet/biscuit is subjected to physical and chemical testing. The multidirectional forging method is not only suitable for preparation of uniform and ultra-fine-grain high-alloyed nickel-based high-temperature alloy sheared billets for aviation, spaceflight and vessels, but also can be popularized to a steel mill to product high-speed steel and hot-working die steel, and the prepared ultra-fine-grain shear billets have the characteristic of uniform structure.

An information extraction unit extracts spectral envelope information of L-dimension from each frame of speech data. The spectral envelope information does not have a spectral fine structure. A basis storage unit stores N bases (L>N>1). Each basis is differently a frequency band having a maximum as a peak frequency in a spectral domain having L-dimension. A value corresponding to a frequency outside the frequency band along a frequency axis of the spectral domain is zero. Two frequency bands of which two peak frequencies are adjacent along the frequency axis partially overlap. A parameter calculation unit minimizes a distortion between the spectral envelope information and a linear combination of each basis with a coefficient by changing the coefficient, and sets the coefficient of each basis from which the distortion is minimized to a spectral envelope parameter of the spectral envelope information.

The present invention provides a light-emitting element comprising: a carbon layer comprising a graphene; a plurality of fine structures having grown toward the upper side of the carbon layer; and a light-emitting structure layer formed on the surface of the fine structures

The present invention provides a cochlear stimulation system and method for capturing and translating fine time structure (“FTS”) in incoming sounds and delivering this information spatially to the cochlea. The system comprises a FTS estimator/analyzer and a current navigator. An embodiment of the method comprises analyzing the incoming sounds within a time frequency band, extracting the slowly varying frequency components and estimating the FTS to obtain a more precise dominant FTS component within a frequency band. After adding the fine structure to the carrier to identify a precise dominant FTS component in each analysis frequency band (or stimulation channel), a stimulation current may be “steered” or directed, using the concept of virtual electrodes, to the precise spatial location (place) on the cochlea that corresponds to the dominant FTS component. This process is simultaneously repeated for each stimulation channel and each FTS component.

The invention discloses a single image super-resolution reconstruction method combining depth learning and gradient transformation. The method comprises the steps that a super-resolution method based on depth learning is used to carry out upsampling on an input low-resolution image to acquire an upsampling image; a gradient operator is used to carry out gradient-extracting on the upsampling image; a depth convolutional neural network is used to convert extracted gradient; a cost function is reconstructed by using the input low-resolution image and the converted gradient as constraints; a gradient descent method is used to optimize the reconstructed cost function to acquire a final output high-resolution image. According to the single image super-resolution reconstruction method provided by the invention, the reconstructed image has a fine structure in the subjective visual effect, is free of artificial effect, and has a high objective evaluation parameter value. The invention provides the effective single image super-resolution reconstruction method.

A system and method for preserving temporal and spatial resolution in complex sounds for poor performing patients having high stimulation thresholds is described. The system and method employs two or more adjacent electrode contacts to deliver concurrent stimulation. This concurrent delivery of stimuli creates a high current field intensity that overlaps between individual current fields generated by the two or more adjacent electrodes and which individual fields are summed to create an overlapping field that has a higher current field intensity than a single current emanating from an individual electrode. The use of this method reduces or eliminates the need to increase either the stimulus current amplitude or to increase the pulse width, both of which may cause loss of system resolution, i.e., loss of fine structure information that is used to resolve complex sounds such as music.

An object of the present invention is to provide a stamper for transferring fine pattern and a method for manufacturing the stamper, the stamper has a fine structure layer to improve a continuous transferring property of the resinous stamper, and to allow accurate and continuous transferring. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a stamper for transferring fine pattern, including: a fine structure layer on a supporting substrate, in which the fine structure layer is a polymer of a resinous compound whose principal component is silsesquioxane derivative having a plurality of polymerizable functional groups.