390 results about "Directional solidification" patented technology

The invention relates to a purification device and a high-purity aluminum purification method using the purification device. The purification device comprises a smelting chamber shell, a smelting chamber inner cavity, a smelting container arranged at the bottom of the smelting chamber inner cavity, a magnetic field module and a directional solidification module, wherein the magnetic field module and the directional solidification module are arranged in the gap position between the smelting chamber shell and the smelting chamber inner cavity. The magnetic field module comprises a first magnetic field and a second magnetic field; the first magnetic field comprises a centrifugal magnetic field area arranged on the periphery of the side wall of an inner cavity of the smelting chamber. The second magnetic field comprises axial magnetic field areas symmetrically arranged between the top of the inner cavity of the smelting chamber and the bottom of the inner cavity of the smelting chamber; the directional solidification module comprises a cooling part arranged at the bottom of the smelting container and a heating part arranged along the peripheral side of the top of the smelting chamber shell; according to the purification device and the purification method using the purification device, the removal rate of heavy impurities is preferably as high as 85% or above, the removal rate of light impurities is preferably as high as 75% or above, and continuous production of 6N high-purity aluminum is achieved.

The invention provides a directional solidification preparation method of a degradable high-hardness zinc alloy material. The preparation method of the zinc alloy material comprises the machining processes of vacuum induction melting, vacuum directional solidification melting and the like, through the preparation method, growth of Zn + Mg2Zn11 trilobal eutectic and Zn + MgZn2 spiral eutectic is regulated and controlled, microscopic structures are arranged in the specific direction, fine and uniform structure morphology is formed, and the corrosion resistance and the mechanical property of the alloy are improved. The Zn-Mg series alloy prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention shows excellent microhardness (181.19 to 243.10 HV). Besides, the corrosion rate of the ideal degradable bone implant is within the range of 0.1 mm / y to 0.5 mm / y, and the corrosion rate of the degradable medical Zn-Mg alloy bone implant material is within the range of 0.0316 mm / y to 0.2280 mm / y, so that the requirement on the corrosion rate in the bone repair process is met; and after the Cu element is added on the basis of Zn-3% Mg, the microhardness of the Zn-3% Mg-Cu-Cu alloy material is improved to about 200HV, and the advantages in the aspect of mechanical support are improved.

The invention relates to a microstructure prediction method of a high-entropy alloy, a directional solidification process optimization method and a preparation method of a high-entropy alloy bar. The microstructure prediction method comprises the following steps: calculating and extracting physical property parameters of the high-entropy alloy through JMatPro software; the physical property parameters are input into parameter setting of COMSOL software, and the induction melting process of the high-entropy alloy is simulated through the COMSOL software until a completely-molten high-entropy alloy melt is obtained; the directional solidification process of the high-entropy alloy melt is simulated through ProCAST finite element software, and the microstructure of the high-entropy alloy under the corresponding technological condition is obtained. According to the method, through joint simulation of JMatPro, COMSOL and ProCAST software, prediction of the whole process from material attributes to the smelting process to the microstructure is achieved, and a more efficient and low-cost technical approach is provided for prediction, research, development and preparation of the microstructure of the high-entropy alloy.

The invention discloses bidirectional directional solidification equipment, and aims to pull a mold shell containing molten metal downwards or upwards in the same equipment, so that castings are subjected to directional solidification in opposite directions respectively. Therefore, the bidirectional directional solidification equipment comprises a directional solidification furnace, a hearth of the directional solidification furnace is divided into an upper cooling chamber, a middle heating chamber and a lower cooling chamber from top to bottom, and an upper crystallizer and a mold shell lifting mechanism are arranged in the upper cooling chamber; the mold shell lifting mechanism is used for driving an upper mold shell arranged on the upper crystallizer to descend into the middle heating chamber to be heated or to ascend into the upper cooling chamber to be directionally solidified, and a lower crystallizer and a mold shell lifting mechanism are arranged in the lower cooling chamber. The mold shell lifting mechanism is used for driving a lower mold shell arranged on the lower crystallizer to ascend into the middle heating chamber to be heated or descend into the lower cooling chamber to be directionally solidified.

The invention relates to the technical field of bio-fertilizer crushing, and discloses a dynamic stress regulation and control method of a crusher in a bio-fertilizer production process, which comprises the following steps: arranging a non-uniform gradient microgroove array arranged according to a Fibonacci sequence on a working surface of a cutter, filling a beta-glucan-based viscoelastic composite material in the microgrooves, the grain orientation of a tool matrix is regulated and controlled through an electromagnetic field-assisted directional solidification process, and a dynamic stress wave self-interference regulation and control system is constructed. Through the synergistic effect of geometric arrangement of the microgroove array and the nonlinear damping characteristic of the viscous-elastic material, the destructive interference effect of stress waves is spontaneously formed in the crushing process, and space equalization and peak suppression of dynamic stress of the working face of the cutter are achieved; the problems of stress concentration and tool fatigue of a traditional crusher in high-fiber and high-viscosity bio-fertilizer raw material processing are fundamentally solved, the crushing efficiency is remarkably improved, and the service life of equipment is remarkably prolonged.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a large single crystal guide vane, which comprises the following steps: designing a tool, pre-burying a chassis embedded part of the tool in a chassis wax mold, connecting a pouring cup embedded part with the chassis embedded part by using a connecting rod to support the whole module and ensure the strength of the module, and distributing the connecting rod on the outer side of the chassis to ensure the stability of the module. Therefore, an effective mold assembling area is a whole base plate circular area, a blade wax mold can be drawn close to the middle of the base plate when installed, the outer contour of the blade wax mold cannot exceed the whole base plate range, the whole mold assembly can be smoothly installed in a hearth, and directional pouring of the large-size single crystal blade is achieved. According to the invention, by adding a set of tooling for die assembly, the preparation of the large-size single crystal blade is realized on the premise that the existing directional solidification furnace does not need to be transformed.

GaAs IR window slabs having largest dimensions that are greater than 8 inches, and preferably greater than 12 inches, are grown using the Horizontal Gradient Freeze (HGF) method. Heat extraction is simplified by using a shallow horizontal boat that is only slightly deeper than the desired window thickness, thereby enabling growth of large slabs while also minimizing material waste and fabrication cost as compared to slicing and shaping thick plates from large, melt-grown boules. Single crystal seeds can be used to optimize the final orientation of the slabs and minimize secondary nucleation, thereby maximizing yield. A conductive doped GaAs layer can be applied to the IR window slab to provide EMI shielding. The temperature gradient during HGF can be between 1° C. / cm and 3° C. / cm, and the directional solidification can be at a rate of between 0.25 mm / h and 2.5 mm / h.

The application relates to the technical field of metal casting, and discloses a directional solidification casting equipment for low-internal-stress aluminum alloy complex structures, which comprises a heat preservation furnace, a rotary casting assembly, an infiltration temperature control assembly and a forming die. The casting equipment is provided with the rotary casting assembly and the forming die on a rotary table, the rotary table rotates at different rotating speeds to provide controllable centrifugal force, metal liquid is infiltrated and cast on the forming die in the anti-gravity mode under the action of the centrifugal force, the infiltration speed and pressure can be adjusted by changing the centrifugal force, the limitation of workpiece size in negative pressure casting is broken, and the anti-gravity casting of complex structure workpieces is facilitated, the equipment can simultaneously synchronously cast multiple molds, each process parameter is convenient to uniformly control, the quality consistency is ensured, the problem that continuous carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite materials are difficult to mass produce is solved, and the production efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses a high-added-value silicon sludge recovery device and a method thereof. The high-added-value silicon sludge recovery device comprises a furnace body, the pretreated silicon sludge feeding system comprises a material collecting bin and a discharging pipe which is communicated with the furnace body and the material collecting bin; the smelting storage system comprises a straight-through type ceramic crucible; the electromagnetic heating system comprises a graphite heater and an induction coil sleeved outside the graphite heater; the silicon monoxide collecting system comprises a collecting barrel; the high-purity silicon drawing and collecting system comprises a graphite plug positioned at the bottom of the straight-through type ceramic crucible and a driving mechanism for driving the graphite plug to move up and down in the straight-through type ceramic crucible; and the vacuum system comprises a mechanical pump communicated with the hearth of the furnace body. According to the method, the pretreated silicon sludge is directly subjected to electromagnetic induction heating in the vacuum environment, silicon in the silicon sludge reacts with silicon oxide on the surface layer to prepare silicon monoxide, meanwhile, high-purity silicon is prepared through directional solidification of redundant silicon in the silicon sludge, and then high-added-value recovery of the silicon sludge is achieved.

The invention relates to a method for improving the high-temperature creep resistance of a TiAl alloy containing a B2 phase, which is characterized in that the microstructure of the high-niobium TiAl alloy is cooperatively regulated and controlled through phase diagram calculation, directional solidification and a heat treatment process, so that the alloy obtains a directional columnar crystal structure and a fine and dispersed B2 phase, and the high-temperature creep resistance of the TiAl alloy is enhanced. The problem that a B2 phase in an existing novel TiAl alloy is not beneficial to high-temperature creep resistance is solved.

The invention relates to the field of single-crystal high-temperature alloy directional solidification casting defect prediction, in particular to a single-crystal blade freckle defect prediction method based on a large-module casting technology, which comprises the following specific steps of: establishing a 1 / 8 model of a large-module casting system by using modeling software; thermophysical parameters of the single-crystal high-temperature alloy are calculated, and the heat exchange coefficient among the casting, the mold shell and the water cooling disc in the numerical simulation process is determined in combination with related literatures; carrying out directional solidification numerical simulation, analyzing the change of the morphology of the pasty area in the solidification process, and counting the inclination angle of the pasty area of each part of the casting; establishing a Rayleigh number prediction formula, and comparing and analyzing a freckle high inclination area of a simulation result and a freckle occurrence position of an experiment result; and improving a Rayleigh number prediction formula by combining the inclination angle of the pasty area and the transverse temperature gradient value to obtain a Rayleigh number prediction result with more accurate prediction. According to the method, the position and tendency of freckles possibly appearing on the casting are predicted in advance by means of numerical simulation, and the freckle defect is avoided.

The invention relates to an aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet, a preparation method thereof and a precision part. The preparation method of the aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet comprises the following steps that raw materials are provided according to the stoichiometric ratio of the aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet, the raw materials are sequentially subjected to smelting treatment and directional solidification casting, and a casting is prepared; the casting is sequentially subjected to homogenization heat treatment, magnetic field heat treatment and tempering aging treatment, and the aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet is prepared; wherein the homogenization heat treatment is performed at the temperature of 1200-1350 DEG C in a heat preservation manner; in the step of magnetic field heat treatment, the direction of a magnetic field and the crystal orientation of the casting are in the same direction, and the crystal orientation of the casting is crystal brim in an X-ray diffraction pattern of the casting; 100 gt; and orienting. According to the method, the aluminum-nickel-cobalt permanent magnet which is relatively regular in structure, high in component uniformity and high in performance stability is obtained.

The invention relates to the field of industrial silicon melt purification, and discloses an industrial silicon melt purification method based on directional solidification and composite adsorption, which comprises the following steps: S1, multi-stage directional solidification pre-enrichment: carrying out primary directional solidification treatment on an industrial silicon melt, and controlling the solidification rate to be 0.5-5mm / min and the temperature gradient parameter, most of metal impurities in the melt are pre-enriched in a specific area; s2, dynamic targeted adsorption: in or after the primary directional solidification process, an efficient composite adsorbent is dynamically and continuously added into an impurity-rich area of the melt or the whole melt in batches, and the composite adsorbent has selective adsorption capacity for different impurities; and S3, intelligent regulation and control: constructing a full-flow adaptive intelligent dynamic regulation and control system based on digital twinning and AI algorithms. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the impurities are efficiently and stably removed, the grain structure is accurately modified, and meanwhile, the green and low-carbon production target is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic materials, and particularly relates to a composite ceramic material and a preparation method and application thereof. The eutectic ceramic is prepared by taking aluminum oxide and yttrium oxide stabilized tetragonal phase zirconium oxide powder as raw materials and adopting a laser suspension zone melting directional solidification method, the drawing speed of the laser suspension zone melting directional solidification is greater than or equal to 100 mu m / s, and the laser power is greater than or equal to 300W; the eutectic ceramic is sequentially subjected to crushing, smashing and wet screening, eutectic ceramic powder is obtained, and the particle size of the eutectic ceramic powder is 20-100 microns; mixing the eutectic ceramic powder, silicon carbide whiskers and a sintering aid to obtain mixed powder; the mixed powder is subjected to hot pressing sintering, the composite ceramic material is obtained, and the hot pressing sintering temperature is smaller than or equal to 1550 DEG C. The composite ceramic material obtained by the preparation method provided by the invention has both a large size and a fine structure and has a micro-nano eutectic structure, and the mechanical properties of the material are remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a single crystal blade directional solidification process real-time closed-loop optimization method and casting equipment, and the method comprises the steps: S1, constructing a multi-physical field numerical simulation model to simulate a simulation temperature field in a directional solidification process; s2, arranging a temperature sensor at a key part of the actually poured single crystal blade to obtain an actually measured temperature field; s3, inputting the simulated temperature field and the actually measured temperature field into an extended Kalman filter to update model parameters of the multi-physical field numerical simulation model; s4, extracting solidification process characteristic parameters from the corrected multi-physical field numerical simulation model, inputting the solidification process characteristic parameters into a pre-trained machine learning model, and predicting a mixed crystal tendency probability; s5, optimizing process parameters of directional solidification by adopting a self-adaptive genetic algorithm by taking miscellaneous crystal tendency probability minimization as a target function; and S6, the optimized technological parameter set is issued to an execution mechanism, the directional solidification process is controlled to achieve closed-loop adjustment, and the steps S2 to S6 are executed circularly.

This invention belongs to the field of curing and molding of short fiber composite materials, and discloses an apparatus and method for three-dimensional oriented curing and molding of short fibers. The orientation device of this invention includes a storage tank for holding the short fiber curing solution, a base for fixing the entire device, a horizontal rotation system for controlling the horizontal angle of the fibers, a vertical rotation system for controlling the vertical rotation angle of the fibers, and an electromagnetic system and a control system for providing an electromagnetic field. Under the command of the control system, the electromagnetic system generates an electromagnetic field, which is then used for magnetic field positioning under the drive of the horizontal and vertical rotation systems. The electromagnetic field then orients the magnetized short fibers. This apparatus and method can achieve three-dimensional orientation of short fibers in a matrix material, effectively improving the mechanical properties of short fiber reinforced composite materials and further enhancing the designability of short fiber composite materials.

The invention relates to the technical field of silicone rubber composite materials, in particular to a flame-retardant silicone rubber composite material and a preparation method thereof, and the flame-retardant silicone rubber composite material comprises a matrix polymer, a reinforcing filler, a compound flame-retardant system, a reinforced protection system, a crosslinking system and a processing aid. According to the material disclosed by the invention, synchronous breakthrough is realized on three core indexes of flame retardance, mechanical strength and durability, and the technical defects of a traditional silicon rubber material are overcome; the problems of non-uniform dispersion of a high-filling system, catalyst deactivation, interface layering and the like are fundamentally solved, the method is particularly suitable for the fields of power battery sealing, aerospace cables and the like which require an extreme flame retardant grade and need to maintain a flexible sealing function, and a scheme capable of realizing mass production is provided for a high-performance organic silicon material.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a corrosion-resistant and impact-resistant high manganese steel wear-resistant lining plate, and relates to the technical field of wear-resistant materials, the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, weighing raw materials according to the mass percentage; s2, raw material smelting; s3, rare earth purification is conducted, specifically, rare earth elements are added into the molten-state raw materials, and the molten-state raw materials are subjected to deoxidation and desulfurization treatment; s4, casting molding is conducted, the temperature from the bottom end of a casting to a riser is controlled to be decreased stage by stage, and directional solidification is achieved; s5, heat treatment is conducted, specifically, the casting is subjected to solution treatment and then subjected to water quenching to the room temperature; and S6, surface treatment is conducted, specifically, shot blasting treatment is adopted, surface oxide skin is removed, and a surface compressive stress layer is formed. The strength, hardness and high toughness of the high-manganese steel are guaranteed by controlling the content of carbon and manganese, meanwhile, single-phase austenite is obtained through solution treatment, the hardness is improved through carbon atom segregation through low-temperature aging, and the strength, hardness, toughness and corrosion resistance of the high-manganese steel lining plate are improved.

A complete investment casting experiment is carried out around an autonomously designed turbine blade mold, S1, S2 and S3 section sizes of a casting in different stages are collected, and a time sequence data set is established, including mold, wax pattern, directional solidification, mold shell removal, pouring system removal and ceramic core constraint removal. Analysis shows that the average deviation of the casting size evolves continuously in different stages (from 0.2134 mm to 0.1857 mm), deviation accumulation is achieved, and the influence degrees of all the stages are different. In order to effectively capture the changes of the casting, an LSTM neural network is adopted to mine size deep features and establish a time-varying model. The result shows that the LSTM considers the deformation history by virtue of the unique door structure, the prediction value of the average deviation of the casting in a single-step prediction task is 0.1832 mm, and the test average absolute percentage error (MAPE) is 1.35%; the MAPE of the multi-step prediction is 2.99%, and the MAPE of the final step is 6.63%. The research provides a new thought for intelligent development of the field of investment casting.

The invention discloses a vacuum directional solidification furnace and relates to the field of alloy manufacturing, the vacuum directional solidification furnace comprises a smelting chamber, a casting cavity is formed in the inner side of the smelting chamber, a smelting crucible is rotatably mounted on the side end face of the casting cavity, and a lifting guide rail is welded to the end face of the side, adjacent to the smelting crucible, of the inner side of the smelting chamber; the lifting mechanism is installed on the inner side of the smelting chamber, the lifting mechanism can be prevented from influencing opening and closing of the flap valve by moving from top to bottom, the flap valve can be closed when the smelting crucible smelts metal materials, high-temperature tin steam in the cooling tin pot at the bottom cannot float into the smelting crucible, and the smelting efficiency is improved. And in addition, the internal vacuum state during smelting is beneficial to crystal formation, it is guaranteed that the formed high-strength alloy material cannot cause alloy cracks due to tin fusion, it is guaranteed that the alloy performance cannot be affected by tin while the alloy integrity is guaranteed, the alloy quality is improved, the yield is increased, and the influence of tin steam on top alloy melt is further reduced.

The invention belongs to the field of metal casting, and relates to a self-adaptive upward variable-speed drawing directional solidification device and method, and the device comprises a crystallizer, a cooler, a furnace chamber, a sealing cover, a heater, a crucible, an electric linear motion mechanism, a mold shell and a seed crystal; the sealing cover is detachably and hermetically connected to the top of the furnace chamber; the crucible is positioned in the furnace chamber; the heater penetrates through the outer wall of the furnace chamber and extends into the furnace chamber; the electric linear motion mechanism is arranged at the top of the sealing cover, the crystallizer vertically penetrates through the sealing cover and extends into the furnace chamber, the electric linear motion mechanism is connected with the top of the crystallizer, and the seed crystal is arranged at the bottom of the crystallizer; the mold shell is located under the seed crystal, cooling rings are wound around the top end outside the mold shell, the bottom end of the cooler is communicated with the two cooling rings, the cooler is parallel to the crystallizer and extends out of the furnace cavity from the top of the sealing cover, and the top end of the cooler is detachably connected with the electric linear motion mechanism. And the drawing speed of different stages can be controlled to control the bending degree of a solidification interface, and oblique crystals are controlled.

The invention discloses a method for constructing a periodic directional solidification structure based on modulated ultrasound, and relates to the technical field of metal material preparation. The method comprises the following steps: smelting a metal raw material to obtain a metal melt; the metal melt is subjected to directional solidification, and periodic modulation ultrasound is applied to the front edge of a liquid-solid interface of the metal melt in the directional solidification process; and after periodical modulation ultrasound is applied, a periodical directional solidification structure with the grain size controllable and columnar / equiaxed crystals alternately appearing is obtained. According to the method, the sound field characteristics at the front edge of the liquid-solid interface in the directional solidification process can be detected in real time, feedback adjustment is conducted, and it is guaranteed that multi-mode ultrasonic treatment is efficient, stable, accurate and controllable.

The invention relates to the field of metal materials, in particular to an Nb-Si-Ni-Ti series novel ultrahigh-temperature structural material and a rapid directional solidification preparation method thereof. The preparation method provided by the invention is a rapid directional solidification preparation method of an Nb4NiSi-reinforced Nb-Si-Ni-Ti series novel ultra-high-temperature structural material, the alloy is mainly composed of an Nb4NiSi phase and an Nb solid solution phase through component design, and a laser direct deposition method controlled by a temperature field is adopted to prepare the Nb4NiSi-Ni-Ti series ultra-high-temperature structural material. The microstructure of the Nb-Si-Ni-Ti series novel ultra-high-temperature structural material is formed by alternately and directionally arranging Nb4NiSi and Nb solid solutions. According to the alloy, the high-temperature strength of the alloy is provided by the Nb4NiSi ternary silicide, the room-temperature ductility and toughness of the alloy are provided by the Nb-based solid solution, and the alloy is arranged in a fine directional structure, has relatively excellent room-high-temperature mechanical property and can be applied to application scenes such as aero-engine turbine blades needing ultrahigh-temperature structural materials.

The invention relates to a directional solidification method for pure copper, which comprises the following steps of: preserving heat of an ingot mould at the temperature of 300-400 DEG C for 12-18 hours, and preheating the ingot mould; the electrolytic copper is melted into molten copper in the vacuum atmosphere; a first cooling water circulating pump is started, so that cooling water flows through a circulating flow channel in the cooling base, and the ingot mold on the cooling base is cooled; molten copper is poured into the ingot mold, heating coils are started, and the heating coils are arranged in multiple circles in the height direction of the ingot mold; and pouring is completed, specifically, the molten copper is subjected to standing in the ingot mold for 120-180 min, and a directionally-solidified copper ingot is obtained. One-way heat dissipation of the bottom of the ingot mold is forcibly achieved through a circulating runner on the cooling base, a stable temperature gradient is formed, and columnar crystal growth is promoted so as to optimize the mechanical property. A plurality of circles of heating coils and a plurality of circles of cooling water pipes are arranged on the ingot mold, the temperature of the ingot mold is dynamically adjusted, gradient distribution of the temperature of the ingot mold is achieved, and therefore directional sequential solidification is achieved.

The utility model relates to a fired mold cooling device which comprises a cooling tank body, a chilling block and a casting mold part, cooling liquid is placed in the cooling tank body, the chilling block is placed in the cooling tank body, and one end of the chilling block is in contact with the cooling liquid; and the other end of the chilling block is in contact with the large plane of the casting mold. One end of the chilling block is in direct contact with the cooling liquid, and the other end of the chilling block is in contact with the large plane of the casting mold, so that the large plane of the casting mold is rapidly cooled, directional solidification of cooling the casting mold from the lower cooling liquid to the upper cooling liquid is formed, and the metal crystallization direction of the casting is controlled in a certain direction; and the bulging defect, the structure non-uniform defect, the puncture defect and the like of a traditional cooling process are avoided, and the casting performance and quality are effectively improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of material science and engineering, in particular to an in-situ graphene-copper / nickel composite material preparation method based on solid / liquid phase transition, which comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a pure copper / pure nickel / copper-nickel alloy melt; s2, working gas H2 and a carbon source CH4 are introduced to a given pressure, and heat preservation is carried out; s3, the metal melt is poured into a graphite casting mold for directional solidification, and the solidification rate is controlled; s4, cooling the reaction furnace to room temperature, and taking out the sample; by means of a traditional directional solidification technology, preparation of porous metal and in-situ deposition of three-dimensional graphene in the solid / liquid phase change process are carried out in the same reaction furnace, and finally the three-dimensional graphene reinforced porous composite material with excellent comprehensive performance is obtained.

A method of forming a directionally solidified cast part using a casting system is provided. The casting system includes a chamber having a heating zone and a cooling zone separated by a baffle. The method includes pouring a liquid alloy into a mold shell. The mold shell is positioned on the cooling plate within the heating zone. The method further includes moving the mold shell from the heating zone into a cooling zone. The alloy transitions from a liquid state to a solid state within the mold shell while moving the mold shell from the heating zone to the cooling zone. The method further includes contacting the mold shell with the heat transfer member.

The invention provides a preparation method of a hollow directional solidification blade, and relates to the technical field of precision casting. Specifically, a pouring cup, a first composite wax mold and a second composite wax mold are configured; wherein the first composite wax mould comprises a blade wax mould, a seeding straight section wax mould and a seeding draft section wax mould which are integrally pressed, and the second composite wax mould comprises a seeding stepped draft section wax mould and a base plate which are integrally pressed; and then the procedures of wax mold welding, mold shell preparation, pouring and crystal pulling, shell cleaning and cutting, depoling, checking and heat treatment are conducted in sequence, and the hollow directional solidification blade is obtained. The invention designs and provides a draft stepped seeding section module, which is combined with a pouring process with an underneath blade tip of the blade and can be assisted by a special-shaped heat screen to improve the local temperature gradient, so that the high-quality blade with refined grains, few cracks and few mixed crystals or monotectic is prepared, and the draft stepped seeding section module is particularly suitable for preparation of large-size complex hollow blades. The method has a good application prospect in the aspect of heavy-duty gas turbines.

The invention relates to the field of high-temperature alloy component design, in particular to a high-temperature alloy compensation design method based on interaction characteristics of an impurity element S and precious metal Ru. The single-crystal high-temperature alloy is prepared through directional solidification, the total content of refractory elements (Cr, W, Mo, Re, Ta, Hf and the like) of the high-temperature alloy exceeds 20 wt.%, the alloy does not contain rare precious metal Ru and the like, the high-temperature creep resistance of the alloy is improved through the solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening effects, the content of S in the alloy is smaller than 1 ppm, the TCP phase precipitation tendency is obviously reduced, and the number of TCP precipitated through thermal exposure is minimum. Based on the interaction characteristic of S and Ru, Ru capable of improving the alloy structure stability in the high-generation single-crystal high-temperature alloy is removed, the alloy is compensated and designed by controlling the content of S in the alloy to be smaller than 1 ppm, so that the structure stability of the single-crystal high-temperature alloy is improved, and a guiding thought can be provided for component design of the low-cost high-generation single-crystal high-temperature alloy.

The application provides a preparation method of a Si-based multi-component alloy bonding layer in an environmental barrier coating, and steps are as follows: S1, substrate preparation: taking SiC fiber reinforced SiC composite material as a substrate; S2, preparation of the Si-based multi-component alloy bonding layer: S21, the preparation process is carried out in a directional solidification crystal growth furnace, the furnace comprises a quartz glass tube, a graphite crucible and a heating device; S22, adding silicon material and X metal material into the graphite crucible; S23, fixing the substrate above the graphite crucible; S24, vacuumizing the quartz glass tube; S25, introducing cooling water, turning on the power supply, heating the graphite crucible through the heating device, until the silicon material and the X metal material in the graphite crucible are completely melted into Si-based alloy melt with fluidity; S26, immersing the pre-grown coating composite material substrate into the melt, and then gradually separating the substrate from the Si-based alloy melt through slow downward pulling of the graphite crucible, growing the Si-based alloy on the surface of the composite material uniformly, and preparing the Si-based multi-component alloy bonding layer.