The invention discloses a wide friction-control haptic display device and a display method based on the same. The wide friction-control haptic display device comprises a haptic display module, a piezoelectric ceramic module for excitation signal generating, an electrode array module for excitation signal generating, an electromagnet array module for excitation signal generating, a finger position detection module, permanent magnets attached to the backs of fingers of an operator, and a central control module. The haptic display module comprises a haptic panel, a transparent electrode array module, a piezoelectric ceramic array module, an electromagnet array module, a display module and a shell. Three principles, namely air pressure membrane effect, electro-vibratory effect and electromagnetic force control, are combined, increase and decrease in the friction between the fingers of the operator and the haptic display module are adjusted in a bidirectional wide range, and high-performance haptic display is achieved. The wide friction-control haptic display device is capable of sensing in multiple modes and is of great practical value.