The invention provides a bill automatic identification and processing system based on OCR, which includes an image collection module, a quick image binary module, a text block detection and positioning module, a single column text block accurate positioning module, a multi-column text block accurate positioning and segmentation module, a text identification module, and a bill image retrieval module. The bill automatic identification and processing system based on the OCR can finish the high definition collection and compression storage of invoice bill images, and performs robust and high accurate positioning and identification on literal characters such as information of buying-and-selling sides, goods information, and billing date in each bill. The bill image identification can be conveniently retrieved. The system has the characteristics of high processing and identification precision, low cost, good robustness, and high automation degree, and can be widely used in the computer automatic management of the bills such as the bill authentication and the bill filing and query.