476 results about "Environment water" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and environmental water treatment and in particular relates to a heavy metal ion adsorbent ferrite hollow spheres MFe2O4 (M=Fe, Co, Mn or Zn) and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the ferrite hollow spheres MFe2O4 belongs to a hydrothermal synthesis method, and the prepared ferrite hollow spheres are 180nm-380nm in diameter and 20nm-45nm in shell layer thickness and are used for adsorbing heavy metal ions As (V) and/or Cr (VI). The preparation method provided by the invention is simple and feasible, environment-friendly, pollution-free, low in equipment requirement and high in controllable degree; the raw material source is wide and the production cost is low; compared with a compound prepared in the prior art, the prepared heavy metal ion adsorbent is relatively high in adsorption capacity, and the adsorption capacity aiming at arsenic and chromium heavy metal ions reaches up to 340mg/g and is far beyond that in the prior art, so that the heavy metal ion adsorbent has relatively good application and promotion values.

The invention provides a magnetic mesoporous silica gel material extracting agent used for enriching and/or separating trace organic pollutants in an environment water sample, and a preparation method thereof. A core of the extracting agent provided by the invention is a silicon gel microsphere (i.e. magnetic silicon gel microsphere) wrapped with a plurality of Fe3O4 magnetic nano particles, and a shell of the extracting agent is a mesoporous silicon gel shell layer with inner and outer surfaces modified by C18 silanization. The extracting agent integrates huge special surface area, excellent extracting capacity and ultrahigh extracting volume of a mesoporous material, magnetic separating capacity of a magnetic material, strong extracting capacity of C18 groups and special volume exclusion function of a vertical channel of the mesoporous material. In addition, the extracting agent provided by the invention has the advantages of high extracting efficiency, low preparation cost and simple preparation method, and is very suitable for preprocessing samples of the trace organic pollutants in a bulk-mass water sample.

The invention relates to a solid phase extraction column based on graphene bonded silica gel, which is used in concentration and separation of organic pollutants in an environmental water sample. A graphene bonded silica gel padding is prepared by taking 3-aminopropyl triethoxy silane (APTES) as the cross-linking agent; then graphene is bonded on the surface of silica gel; after product graphene bonded silica gel granules are evenly filled in a solid phase extraction column, the graphene bonded silica gel based solid phase extraction column is obtained. The performance indicators of the solid phase extraction column are tested through polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, including naphthalene, acenaphthylene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene, and the test result shows that the solid phase extraction column has good extraction efficiency, reproducibility and stability. The graphene bonded silica gel has the characteristics of big specific surface area, strong Pi electron adsorption ability and high extraction capacity of the graphene, and the stable mechanical property and good adsorption ability of the silica gel. Moreover, the solid phase extraction column based on the graphene bonded silica gel is low in preparation cost and simple to operate and is suitable to be used for pretreatment of low-concentration organic pollutants in a big-volume water sample. The solid phase extraction column has a good application prospect in the concentration and separation of environmental organic pollutants.

The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic metal organic framework materials, in particular to a preparation method and application of Fe3O4/MIL-101(Cr). The method includes the steps of preparing MIL-101(Cr) material through a hydrothermal method to serve as a template, and generating Fe3O4 particles in situ in holes of MIL-101(Cr) through a reduction co-precipitation method under the ultrasonic conduction and in a nitrogen protection state. The Fe3O4/MIL-101(Cr) composite obtained through the method is strong in magnetism, large in surface area, shortened in synthesis time, controllable in synthesis condition, novel in synthesis method, simple and easy to repeat, stable and controllable in prepared material quality, and capable of being synthesized in batches. The Fe3O4/MIL-101(Cr) composite is good in effect and can be repeatedly used six times or more when used for adsorbing and removing acid dyes in environmental water.

The invention discloses an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for measuring heavy metal mercury, belonging to a method for measuring heavy metal mercury in an environment water sample. The method comprises the following steps: taking a monoclonal antibody for specially identifying mercury-chelating agent EDTA compound Hg-EDTA as the base, coating the coated antigen mercury-chelating agent-albumen on a 96-hole ELISA plate; incubating at 4 DEG C over night and then sealing by phosphate buffer solution PBS including 1% of gelatin, after washing the ELISA plate, addinga mixing solution of the specificity mercury monoclonal antibody and samples to be measured, incubating at 37 DEG C and then washing the plate, adding an ELISA secondary antibody, incubating at 37 DEGC, adding an enzyme reaction substrate after washing the plate, and adding a reaction stop solution for stopping the reaction after the incubation, and then measuring the absorbance value of each hole by an ELISA reader; obtaining a standard competitive inhibit curve, then executing Logit transition on the curve, and drawing the standard curve of the mercury in the sample to carry out the quantitative analysis. The method is suitable for the measurement of trace mercury in an environment water sample, simultaneously provides the technical support for the fast scene measurement of heavy metalpollution emergency in order to remedy the pollution accident and go back to work in time.

The invention relates to a method for quickly detecting trace polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) based on a carbon nano tube modification technology, and belongs to the field of analysis and test. Based on the peculiar interaction mechanism among aromatic rings, a carbon nano tube has high capability of trapping the PCBs and low dispersibility in water, and how to quickly separate the carbon nano tube which has micro size and is used as an adsorbent from an analysis object mixture is a problem. The scheme aims to solve the problem. The carbon nano tube involved in the method is subjected to hydrophilic modification and combined with a hydrophilic magnetic nano material to form a composite nano adsorbent in which the modified carbon nano tube is taken as a main body and which has a magnetic response characteristic and high hydrophilicity, the adsorbent in which the PCBs are adsorbed can respond to the action of a magnetic field of a permanent magnet and is quickly separated from a solution, and the residual amount of the trace PCBs in an environment water body is quickly analyzed and detected by combining gas chromatography-mass spectrometry equipment.

The invention provides a method used for detecting the oxygen demand for quick biochemistry by cultivating microorganism in situ. The in-situ microorganism culture is defined as that the pipeline carrying current in a flowing system is taken as a carrier, the flowing of water sample containing organic matters and microorganism is taken as precondition, the microorganism in the water sample is adsorbed onto the surface of the internal wall of the pipeline. The pipeline carrying current in the flowing analysis system is taken as the carrier to adsorb on the microorganism on the spot in the environment water; on the one hand, the adsorbed microorganism has idiosyncratic degradation capability on the organic matter in the water and the obtained result has higher pertinence; on the other hand, the adsorption state of the microorganism on the internal wall of the pipeline is most approaching to the natural surviving state and the activity of the microorganism is kept to the most extent. The service life of the existing biological film of a BOD sensor is not more than 3 months and the maintenance is troublesome. in the method, the culture of microorganism in laboratory is saved, and a plurality of problems such as preparation, storage, activation and the like of the microorganism film; furthermore, the adsorbed microorganism can always keep the physiological activity state during the continuous analysis and testing process, therefore, the method has extremely wide application prospect.

The invention provides a full-automatic filtering device of a water sample of an in-situ environment water body monitor. The full-automatic filtering device is characterized in that a winding-drum-shaped filtering membrane belt is placed in a filtering membrane conveying box at the outer side of a device shell; a belt head of the filtering membrane belt penetrates through the device to be fixed on a winding shaft which is located in a filtering membrane collecting box at the other side of the device shell and is connected with a membrane collecting stepping motor; the device is internally provided with a filtering membrane conveying mechanism; one part, in the device, of the filtering membrane belt is located between cone bodies corresponding to a pair of central holes and can be tightly jointed and can also be completely separated; and a water sample inlet and a water sample outlet are respectively connected with the central holes of the cone bodies. The membrane collecting stepping motor in the filtering membrane collecting box and a membrane conveying driving stepping motor of a filtering membrane conveying mechanism rotate synchronously; and the membrane collecting stepping motor pulls a filtering membrane to move towards the direction of the filtering membrane collecting box. Meanwhile, the membrane conveying driving stepping motor drives a conveying belt to move so that a membrane pressing groove and a membrane pressing roller on the conveying belt can move along with the conveying belt, and are overlapped to clamp the plane of the filtering membrane belt, and the filtering membrane collecting box can move along one direction. When the cone bodies are completely separated, the filtering membrane belt moves to be automatically replaced; and the cone bodies are tightly combined to have a filtering effect on the filtering membrane.

The invention relates to a centrifugal micro-fluidic chip for detecting the chromium ion form in a water body and a preparation method of the centrifugal micro-fluidic chip. The centrifugal micro-fluidic chip is a disk type centrifugal micro-fluidic chip with a microstructure and a microchannel; the enriching and separating operation process of a Cr ion in the water body and a miniature centrifugal chromatographic column integrated on the centrifugal micro-fluidic chip is realized by using a centrifugal force generated by rotating a centrifugal machine as a driving force; and the content of total Cr in the water body and the content of Cr<6+> in an extraction solution are respectively detected by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and thus the analysis of the chromium ion form in the water body is realized. The centrifugal micro-fluidic chip realizes the integration, the micromation, the automation and the portability of the chromium ion form detection in the water body; and the centrifugal micro-fluidic chip has the characteristics of fewer reagents and samples, quickness in detection, portability and high parallel detection capability and provides a brand-new analysis technology for detecting the chromium ion form in the environment water body.

The invention relates to a method for screening contaminants to be preferentially monitored in environment water quality of a chemical industry park, comprising the following steps of: (1) forming an initial list of contaminants to be preferentially monitored in the environment water quality according to a list of liquid contaminants discharged from the chemical industry park and a list of substances detected by a sampling survey of the on-the-spot environment water quality of the chemical industry park; (2) screening out contaminants which are not in the two lists by comparing the initial list with a blacklist of contaminants to be preferentially controlled in water of China and a list of contaminants to be preferentially managed by United States Clean Water Act and forming an preliminary screening list; (3) grading and scoring contaminants by using a multi-parameter comprehensive scoring method, selecting contaminants with a higher comprehensive scoring rank and forming a well-selected list; and (4) further screening out a list of contaminants to be preferentially monitored in the environment water quality of the chemical industry park according to the well-selected list. The method can screen out contaminants to be preferentially monitored in the environment water quality of the chemical industry park in a well-targeted manner, reduce the monitoring cost and improve the monitoring efficiency.

The invention relates to a method for rapidly detecting iodate by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and an application of the method. A Raman signal of the iodate is very weak, an SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) signal of iodate is also weak, hydroxylamine is oxidated into nitrite by the iodate, coupling dye is generated from nitrite ions and a diazo-coupling reagent under an acidic or alkalescent condition, the SERS signal of the coupling dye is strong, and qualitative and quantitative detection of the iodate is indirectly carried out by measuring the dosage of the coupling dye through SERS. According to the method and the application thereof, Au/SiO2 is used as an SERS substrate material, the stability of particles is improved by means of a silicon dioxide shell, so that the result repeatability is better. The method is suitable for rapid detection of the iodate in complex samples, such as tablet salt, drinking water and environment water and has the advantages of simpleness and rapidness (about 2 minutes), suitability for field detection and benefits for popularization and use and the like.

The invention relates to styrene-butadiene latex for road emulsified asphalt modification and a preparation method thereof .The styrene-butadiene latex for road emulsified asphalt modification is specifically compound styrene-butadiene latex .The compound styrene-butadiene latex is composed of modified styrene-butadiene latex and a cross-linking agent .The modified styrene-butadiene latex is large-particle-size high-solid-content cation styrene-butadiene latex .The cross-linking agent is 40% KH-560 silane coupling agent water emulsion .The modified styrene-butadiene latex is prepared through the production process of emulsion polymerization, residue removal and agglomeration, ion type conversion and centrifugal concentration .The modified styrene-butadiene latex keeps original characteristics of styrene-butadiene latex for road emulsified asphalt modification, is matched with the cross-linking agent added in the modified emulsified asphalt preparation process, can achieve room-temperature cross-linking, prevents amine and polyamine cationic asphalt emulsification agent migration, obviously reduces rainwater soluble substances of a modified emulsified asphalt road surface, reduces environment water pollution, and prolongs the service life of the road surface.

The invention provides a test device and method for simulating corrosion degradation of hydraulic concrete under a high hydraulic gradient. A sealed tank is used for applying corrosion liquid with high hydraulic gradient to a concrete standard sample; three-direction pressure stress is applied to the concrete standard sample with combination of high-strength bolts and an axial loading rod; the pressure stress and the corrosion liquid pressure on the sample are measured by using a pressure sensor, an axial pressure sensor and a water pressure sensor which are arranged; a sealed protection chamber is used for separating the corrosion liquid from the high-strength bolts and the like, so that the loss of pre-tightening force and the damage to the pressure sensor are reduced; a high-elasticity rubber tube and a water stopping device which are arranged in an corrosion chamber are used for limiting a permeable passage. Through the test device and method, three groups of test can be simultaneously carried out, so that the test efficiency can be obviously improved; meanwhile, the operation condition that the hydraulic concrete is subjected to the action of the high hydraulic gradient and environment water for a long time can also be simulated; the evolution property of corrosion degradation of the hydraulic concrete under the action of the high hydraulic gradient can be really reflected.

The invention relates to a phosphorus-free reverse osmosis membrane antisludging agent and a preparation method thereof, relating to water treatment. The phosphorus-free reverse osmosis membrane antisludging agent comprises the following components by weight percent: 50-90 percent of AL-one, 5-20 percent of sulphonate copolymer, 0.5-1.5 percent of pH regulator and the balance of de-ionized water. The preparation method comprises the steps of sequentially adding the de-ionized water, the pH regulator, the AL-one and the sulphonate copolymer into a container according to the weight percent, stirring for 1-1.5 h under room temperature and obtaining the product. The phosphorus-free reverse osmosis membrane antisludging agent can be used in a wider pH range of water supply, has favorable stability for calcium ion concentration, alkalinity and metal ions of iron, manganese, and the like, can effectively control dirties such as CaCO3, CaSO4, BaSO4, SrSO4, CaF2, SiO2, and the like, has no causticity compared with acid and safe operation, can be compatible with general flocculating agent, is not easy to decompose, can be stored for a long time and can eliminate biological pollution and bacteria exceeding standard of the membrane system and avoids pollution of calcium phosphate precipitation and pollution for environmental water source. The invention is suitable for the water treatment of a reverse osmosis system.

The invention discloses a hydrophilic polymer microsphere and a simple preparing method thereof and belongs to the field of resin synthesis. The problems that according to an existing resin synthesis method, the steps are tedious, conditions are strict, and the yield is low are solved. According to the hydrophilic polymer microsphere, hydrophilic N-vinylpyrrolidone and oily divinylbenzene serve as main monomers, an N-vinylpyrrolidone-divinylbenzene polymer microsphere is synthesized in a polymerization mode under a certain condition; the hydrophilia of the polymer is obviously improved and the specific surface area is obviously increased by increasing the use amount of N-vinylpyrrolidone. The prepared hydrophilic polymer microsphere is uniform in grain size, a very high specific surface area is achieved, a very good adsorption effect on hydrophilic substances and oil substances is achieved, and the hydrophilic polymer microsphere can be used for purifying various environment water bodies, can also be used for enrichment, separation and analysis of water solubility organic pollutants in the water bodies and has wide application prospects.

The invention relates to an application of a magnesium oxide microsphere in environmental water samples, and particularly a method of using a magnesium oxide microsphere as a solid phase extraction adsorbent for enrichment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water samples. A solid phase extraction empty tube is filled by a dry method; various experimental parameters of the solid phase extraction process (column equilibrium, sample application, leaching, elution) are optimized, including the type (methanol, isopropanol, acetone...) and the concentration (0-30%) of a modification agent, the type (dichloromethane, n-hexane, ethyl acetate...) of an elution solvent, the sample applying volume (10-250 mL), the sample applying flow rate (1.0-10.0 mL/min), so as to obtain an optimal condition; and finally the method is applied to the enrichment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water samples. The invention has the advantages of simple operations, low cost, environment-friendly performance, and high efficiency.

The invention belongs to the field of environmental water pollution abatement, and discloses a ZnIn2S4 nanosheet coated beta-Bi2O3 core-shell heterogeneous compound photocatalyst, as well as a preparation method and application thereof. According to the method, the ZnIn2S4 nanosheet coated beta-Bi2O3 core-shell heterogeneous compound photocatalyst is prepared by using ZnIn2S4 and synthetic beta-Bi2O3 monomer as raw materials through a simple self-aggregation effect. The binary ZnIn2S4/beta-Bi2O3 compound nano-photocatalyst can be applied to catalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride and methyl orange under visible light, shows excellent photo-induced electron separation efficiency, and can be used for improving the visible light utilization and integral photocatalytic activity. The ZnIn2S4 nanosheet coated beta-Bi2O3 core-shell heterogeneous compound photocatalyst is prepared from nontoxic raw materials, has simple operation and mild reaction condition, accords with the concept of environment-friendly chemistry, and has a wide application prospect in the aspect of solving water environmental pollution.

The invention belongs to the field of environmental water treatment, and discloses a graphene/ZnAlTi hydrotalcite-like composite material, a method for preparing the same and application of the graphene/ZnAlTi hydrotalcite-like composite material. The graphene/ZnAlTi hydrotalcite-like composite material, the method and the application have the advantages that LDHs (layered double hydroxides) are used as catalyst carriers, three types of Zn, Al and Ti elements with photocatalytic performance are loaded between layers of the catalyst carriers, the photocatalytic efficiency can be reinforced by added graphene, accordingly, semiconductor materials with photocatalytic functions can be prepared by the aid of the method and can be used for degrading Cr (VI) and antibiotics in water, and the pioneer of application of graphene-LDHs composite materials to the field of treatment of sewage in low-power LED lamp environments can be initiated.

The invention relates to an adsorbing agent for removing petroleum type pollutants in an environmental water sample. The adsorbing agent is prepared by adopting an SBA-15 mesoporous molecular sieve, attapulgite and halloysite nanotubes as carriers. The structural formula of the adsorbing agent is shown in the specification, wherein n is equal to 10-50. Simultaneously, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the adsorbing agent. The adsorbing agent has the advantages of magnetism, high removing rate, easy separation, capability for recycling petroleum, and the like.

The invention discloses an ionic liquid modified magnesium-aluminum lamellar double hydroxide adsorbent as well as preparation and application thereof and belongs to the field of an adsorption material preparation technology. According to the ionic liquid modified magnesium-aluminum lamellar double hydroxide adsorbent disclosed by the invention, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane is used as a cross-linking agent and sodium lauryl sulfate intercalated magnesium-aluminum lamellar double hydroxide is used as a carrier; under the cross-linking effect of the (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt is loaded on the magnesium-aluminum lamellar double hydroxide to synthesize an adsorption material. According to the ionic liquid modified magnesium-aluminum lamellar double hydroxide adsorbent disclosed by the invention, a lot of ionic liquid is introduced on the magnesium-aluminum linear double hydroxide so that the affinity on organic pollutants is increasedand the adsorption performance of the adsorbent is improved; the adsorbent has the advantages of firmness in bonding and stable property, and can be used in a relatively wide pH (Potential of Hydrogen) range (with the pH of 5 to 10). The adsorbent can be used for adsorbing dyestuffs in an environment water sample.

The invention discloses a composite modifier and environment water corrosion resistant low-intensity level concrete prepared from the same for slope protection and reinforcement engineering and roadbed processing engineering. The composite modifier comprises 100 portions of fly ash, 0.05 to 0.2 portion of SJ-2 type nonionic air-entraining component, 1 to 10 portions of naphthalene sulfonate water reducing component, 1 to 10 portions of sodium sulfate or sodium borate setting time adjusting component, and the like. The concrete consists of silicate cement, a modifier, stones and water. The composite modifier can optimize hydrate product compositions of cement stones in the concrete, and introduce tiny closed air holes to the concrete so as to improve the pore structure thereof and improve the workability, and the like of the concrete, thereby remarkably improving the durability of the slope protection and reinforcement engineering and the roadbed processing engineering. The composite modifier has the advantage that the concrete prepared from the compound modifier has excellent environment water corrosion resistance and can remarkably reduce the cost of a construction project under the condition of satisfying the requirement on low design strength level.

The invention provides a core-shell type iron-carbon microelectrolysis (Fe-Pd/C) nanocatalyst for catalytically degrading high-toxicity organic pollutants in an environmental water sample, and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst is derived from an iron metal-organic framework material (Fe-MOFs). The Fe-MOFs material is prepared by a mechanochemical technology, and undergoes high-temperaturecarbonization to form the core-shell Fe-C microelectrolysis material composed of a graphitized carbon shell (C), zero-valent iron (Fe<0>) and a nano-palladium composite material. A zero-valent iron anode of the core-shell Fe-Pd/C continuously transports electrons to a carbon cathode and releases Fe<2+> in a water sample; the protection of the carbon shell prevents a product obtained after the hydrolysis of iron ions in the solution from adhering to the surface of the zero-valent iron, so a micro-electrolysis reaction is not affected; and nano-palladium particles in the core can promote the conversion of Fe<3+>/Fe<2+> and the pH value of the surface of the catalyst, so a Fenton reaction can be carried out in a pH range of 3-6. The catalyst has a good stability, and can be reused many times, and is very suitable for removing phenol and other pollutants in the environmental water samples by an advanced oxidation technology Fenton reaction.