120 results about "Plant physiology" patented technology

Methods and apparatus for determining when plants require watering, and methods of attending to the watering of plants including signaling the grower that the plants are in need of hydration are provided. The novel methods include real-time measurement of plant metabolics and phytometric physiology changes of intrinsic physical or behavioral traits within the plant such as determining physiological flux measurement of enzyme flux due to environmental changes such as the wind and drought stress, soil and plant mineral deficiencies, or the interaction with a bio-control for organic disease control including, cell movement, signal transduction, internal chemical processes and external environmental processes including when plants require watering, and methods of attending to the watering of plants including signaling the grower that the plants are in need of hydration.

The invention discloses a plant physiology monitoring method based on chlorophyll fluorescence and a multispectral image. The method comprises the following steps that modulated type chlorophyll fluorescence detection is performed on plants to be detected, modulated type chlorophyll fluorescence characteristic parameter diagrams are acquired, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters related to the plant physiology condition are preset according to the characteristic parameter diagrams; multispectral image measurement is performed on the plants to be detected, and a spectral relative reflectivity parameter diagram of the reflection intensity at the waveband of 540-560 nm to the reflection intensity at the waveband of 500-515 nm is obtained; chlorophyll fluorescence parameter values in a plant area and the spectral relative reflectivity parameter diagram are counted; the plant physiology condition is judged by combining a distribution curve, acquired in the step 3, of the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter values and a distribution curve, acquired in the step 3, of spectral reflectivity parameter values. According to the method, nondestructive testing is performed on the plant physiology by combining a multispectral imaging technology of visible light with a chlorophyll fluorescence detection technology, the method is simple, judging is accurate, and the reliability is high.

The invention relates to the field of plant physiology, in particular to a method for screening saline-alkaline resistant / tolerant cotton. The method comprises the steps that (1), a cotton culture solution is prepared, and the pH value of the cotton culture solution is adjusted between 6.5 and 7.0; (2), the culture solution serves as a solution to prepare NaCl solutions with the concentration being 0.0 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 0.6 wt% and 0.8 wt%; (3), a sand sprout method is adopted, when cotton seeds sprout and grow until all cotyledons are spread and turn into green and no root is generated, the cotton seeds are moved in the NaCl solutions; (4), cultivation is carried out in a shading condition; (5), in the ninth to tenth day, seedlings are taken out for surveying the root hair number of each cotton seedling, and the saline-alkaline resistant / tolerant degree of cotton is judged according to the number of the root hairs. The method excludes the interference of the factors that salinity gradient is uneven and rainfall wets salt in the field identification process, the duration is short, the identification result is stable and reliable, and method is high in practicability and maneuverability.

The present invention relates to methods for stimulating root growth and / or enhancing the formation of lateral or adventitious roots and / or altering root geotropism comprising expression of a plant cytokinin oxidase or comprising expression of another protein that reduces the level of active cytokinins in plants or plant parts. The invention also relates to novel plant cytokinin oxidase proteins, nucleic acid sequences encoding cytokinin oxidase proteins as well as to vectors, host cells, transgenic cells and plants comprising said sequences. The invention also relates to the use of said sequences for improving root-related characteristics including increasing yield and / or enhancing early vigor and / or modifying root / shoot ratio and / or improving resistance to lodging and / or increasing drought tolerance and / or promoting in vitro propagation of explants and / or modifying cell fate and / or plant development and / or plant morphology and / or plant biochemistry and / or plant physiology. The invention also relates to the use of said sequences in the above-mentioned methods. The invention also relates to methods for identifying and obtaining proteins and compounds interacting with cytokinin oxidase proteins. The invention also relates to the use of said compounds as a plant growth regulator or herbicide.

The invention belongs to plant physiology and particularly relates to a method for identifying low-temperature resistance of wild cotton in a seedling stage. The method comprises the following steps: 1) sulfuric acid delinting and incision treatment on seeds; 2) germination accelerating treatment; 3) seedling culture: common seedlings in a 3-5-leaf stage with consistent growth vigor are selected; 4) low-temperature stress treatment: low-temperature stress treatment closer to natural conditions is selected; 5) low-temperature resistance level classification: grading is performed according to damaged conditions of cotton seedlings, and resistance levels of the wild cotton are classified. According to the method, severe low-temperature stress treatment is performed in the seedling stage when the wild cotton is most sensitive to low temperature, so that a low-temperature-resistant cotton material truly with higher resistance level can be screened out; grading is performed according to damaged conditions of cotton leaves, objective classification is performed, and errors caused by human factors are reduced greatly. The method is not limited by seasons, can be used for identifying mass materials and is easy to popularize and use.

The invention provides a method and equipment system for in situ dynamic monitoring of a wetland plant root system and relates to the technical field of plant physiology and ecology engineering. The method includes steps of performing root system grading according to root system parameters obtained through digital processing of root system images of modeling wetland plants by root system analyzing software and obtaining a corresponding biomass model through curve fitting according to different grades of the root system parameters; performing root system grading according to root system parameters obtained through digital processing of root system images of to-be-tested wetland plants by the root system analyzing software and obtaining real time root system biomass by substituting the real time parameters into the biomass model of the corresponding grade. By adopting the method for model establishing and evaluating of biomass of plant root systems, shortcomings of poor continuity, damage to plants and complicated operation and the like of a conventional method can be overcome. The method provided by the invention is proved to have characteristics of being accurate, efficient, simple, convenient, being capable of realizing automatic and continuous monitoring and the like.

The invention discloses a sampling method for non-damage fixed position observation of plant stomata in a field experiment, which comprises the following steps of: according to experimental design, selecting functional leaves, avoiding overripe leaves, over tender leaves, leaves damaged by diseases and insects and malformed leaves, and cleaning object leaves; evenly coating a thin layer of nail polish at a position to be observed, and natural drying or blowing to be nearly dry by using a washing ear ball; flatly and tightly pasting a transparent adhesive tape on a clean glass slide, using a dissecting needle or a clean blade for slowly guiding to prevent air bubbles, and tightly pasting the adhesive tape with the width being at least 2mm around the nail polish on the glass slide; and numbering, clean packaging, and taking back to the laboratory for microscopic observation and measurement. The method has the advantages of being capable of bulk sampling in field living leaves, having no damage to the leaves, fixed position recording stomatal conditions, observing daily change of the stomata of the leaves under different processing conditions, and the like, and can be used for the research and practice in the fields such as bioecology, plant physiology, plant germplasm resource, plant thremmatology, cultivation science, etc.

The present invention generally relates to the regulation of plant physiology, in particular to methods for inhibiting the ethylene response in plants or plant products. First,the invention relates to methods of minimizing impurities capable of reversibly binding to plant ethylene receptor sites during the synthesis of cyclopropene and its derivatives such as methylcyclopropene, thereby avoiding the negative effects these impurities have on plants treated with cyclopropene and its derivatives. Second, the invention relates to complexes formed from molecular encapsulation agents such as cyclodextrin, and cyclopropene and its derivatives such as methylcyclopropene, in addition to cyclopentadiene and diazocyclopentadiene and their derivatives, thereby providing a convenient means for storing and transporting these compounds capable of inhibiting the ethylene response in plants, which are reactive gases and highly unstable because of oxidation and other potential reactions. Thirdly, the invention relates to convenient methods of delivering to plants these compounds capable of inhibiting the ethylene response in the plants in order to extend their shelf life.

The invention belongs to the field of plant physiology, and discloses a method for extracting sucrose synthase and sucrose phosphate synthase of pear fruits and an activity determination method thereof. Small molecules such as sugar, ions and the like can be usually removed from a primary extraction enzyme solution through adding a salting-out step and a dialysis step in the extracting process of the sucrose synthase and the sucrose phosphate synthase, so that activities of the sucrose synthase and the sucrose phosphate synthase in the fruits can be accurately detected. The method provides physiological basis for disclosing accumulation differences of the sugar in the fruits, and further provides theoretical basis for improving the quality of fruit sweetness and flavor.

The invention relates to a calcium fertilizer formulation and a preparation method thereof. The calcium fertilizer formulation is formed by compounding and processing calcium hydroxide powder, carbamide, humic acid, cellulose, foaming agent and water. The fertilizer applied to soil can supply plant with calcium, regulate soil acidity, lighten or eliminate the damage on soil properties and plant physiology by a great many of ions of iron, aluminum, manganese, and the like in acid soil, and has special functions of resisting drought, eliminating soil poison, strengthening seedlings and resisting first injurious frost. The calcium fertilizer is suitable for different soil, can increase nutrients to improve the soil, a soil structure and physical properties. By applying the fertilizer, the grain yield can be improved by about 40 percent to 50 percent.

The ion exchange and reversed phase chromatographic separation process for extracting abscisic acid from fermented liquid includes the following steps: the first macroporous resin adsorption of abscisic acid from fermented liquid to extract and concentrate abscisic acid in fermented liquid initially; the subsequent silica gel chromatography to eliminate much of fermentation side products and obtain natural abscisic acid product with relatively high purity (higher than 90 %); and final C18 silica gel reversed phase chromatographic separation to obtain natural abscisic acid product with purity higher than 98 %. The process can obtain high purity abscisic acid product suitable for plant physiology research.

Provided are methods for increasing seed size and / or weight, embryo size and / or weight, and cotyledon size and / or weight. The methods comprise expression of a plant cytokinin oxydase.

The invention provides an organic rice planting method. The organic rice planting method comprises the following steps of S1, precision sowing, wherein sowing time selection, variety selection, seed sun-curing, seed soaking, germination accelerating and bud airing are conducted; S2, sowing and seedling cultivation, wherein sowing quantity judgement, seeding tray preparation, seeding tray seeding quantity determination, seedling cultivation substrate preparation, seedling cultivation site preparation, seedbed preparation, planosol filling, sowing and seedbed management are conducted; S3, material and production preparation before rice transplanting, wherein selection of organic fertilizer and cultivation of crops for expelling and killing pests are conducted; S4, rice planting with machines, wherein rice transplanting seedling age judgement, fertilizer preparation, land preparation, fertilizer application, rice transplanting rote designing, rice transplanting machine selection, rice transplanting time determination, seedling taking quantity adjustment and rice transplanting density and depth determination are conducted; S5, field management, wherein gaps are filled with the seedlings, secondary water management, base fertilizer application and top application are conducted, and disease and pest prevention and control technologies and grass damage prevention and control technologies are adopted. By combining and applying theories of pesticide science, cultivation science, soil science, fertilizer science, plant physiology and field ecology, the organic planting method on thebasis of traditional Chinese medicinal herb preparations is formed.

The invention discloses a multi-cylinder compensation type water surface evaporating / exhaling instrument and using method thereof, belonging to the plant physiology, ecology monitoring and wetland meteorology hydrology measurement technology field. The instrument consists of a group of evaporating / exhaling monitoring cylinders, communicating pipes and a data central processing system; the monitoring cylinders are in same specification, each has different evaporating / exhaling bodies disposed therein, and the number of the monitoring cylinder can be added according to the real condition; the data central processing system consists of a data acquisition box, a bidirectional rotating motor, a photoelectric switch, a ultrasonic wave sensor and a water tank, to realize data timing automatic acquisition and wireless delivering function; the operation mode designed by the PLC program comprises: measuring multiple monitoring cylinder water levels by the ultrasonic wave sensor, controlling the instrument to acquiring and storing the data in certain time automatically. The beneficial effect of the invention is that: The evaporating / exhaling instrument can be used for monitoring evaporating / exhaling amount of emerged plants of multiple species in multiple states at the same time, and achieves the advantages of low cost, high precision, easy maintenance and convenient data delivering.

The present invention relates to methods for stimulating root growth and / or enhancing the formation of lateral or adventitious roots and / or altering root geotropism comprising expression of a cytokinin oxidase or comprising expression of another protein that reduces the level of active cytokinins in plants or plant parts. Also provided by the present invention are methods for increasing seed size and / or weight, embryo size and / or weight, and cotyledon size and / or weight. The methods comprise expression of a cytokinin oxidase or expression of another protein that reduces the level of active cytokinins in plants or plant parts. Methods and compositions for increasing seed yield are also provided. The invention also relates to isolated plant cytokinin oxidase proteins, nucleic acid sequences encoding cytokinin oxidase proteins as well as to vectors, host cells, transgenic cells and plants comprising such sequences. The use of these sequences for improving root-related characteristics including increasing yield and / or enhancing early vigor and / or modifying root / shoot ratio and / or improving resistance to lodging and / or increasing drought tolerance and / or promoting in vitro propagation of explants and / or modifying cell fate and / or plant development and / or plant morphology and / or plant biochemistry and / or plant physiology, is also provided. The invention also relates to methods for identifying and obtaining proteins and compounds interacting with cytokinin oxidase proteins as well as the use of such proteins and / or compounds as plant growth regulators or herbicides.

The invention relates to a water-soluble calcium-magnesium fertilizer which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: a calcium-containing raw material, a magnesium-containing raw material, an organic fertilizer, an absorption accelerant, trace elements and water. The water-soluble calcium-magnesium fertilizer provided by the invention comprises completely water-soluble calcium-magnesium elements, can be absorbed and utilized by crops and meanwhile has an appropriate calcium and magnesium ratio; due to addition of the organic fertilizer, the absorption accelerant and thetrace elements, the calcium-magnesium elements in the fertilizer meet synergetic absorption of the calcium-magnesium elements in plant physiology and are promoted by one another to take the effects into play, and together with the organic fertilizer, the absorption accelerant and the trace elements, growth of crops can be promoted, and the yield of the crops can be remarkably increased.

The invention provides a forest and fruit base growth substance for cold regions and arid regions. The forest and fruit base growth substance is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 20-40% of urea, 10-30% of potassium hydrogen phosphate, 8-20% of carrageenan powder, 25-55% of starch, 5-15% of dry yeast powder and the balance of brown sugar powder. In early spring, by virtue of the characteristic that the surface soil is thawed and the deep soil is not thawed, the forest and fruit base growth substance solution provided by the invention is uniformly input beneath the shallow surface soil layer, to promote quick temperature rise of the surface soil layer, activate soil microorganisms, reinforce first recovery of shallow root rates of a plant and obtain sufficient supply of water and fertilizer, so as to drive the earlier recovery of the entire plant, conform to the principle of plant physiology, collect light and heat resources in advance, prolong the photosynthetic reaction time of leaves and generate more biomass.

The invention relates to a plant characteristic spectrum experimental box and an experimental method thereof. A plurality of monocolor LED (Light-Emitting Diode) light sources, a multi-layer culturing chamber, a temperature regulating device, a humidity regulating device, an intelligent control device and the like are arranged in the plant characteristic spectrum experimental box, the plant characteristic spectrum experimental method comprises the steps of irradiating leaves of the plant respectively by adopting different wavelengths of monocolor light, measuring corresponding light intensity by adopting a spectrum radiometer, testing the photosynthesis rate of leaves by adopting a photosynthesis tester to obtain the relationship of the light intensity corresponding to corresponding wavelength and the plant photosynthesis rate, thus obtaining the characteristic spectrum of the specific plant; and carrying out cultivation experiments by taking the obtained plant characteristic spectrum as a lighting source for the plant, thus obtaining the relationship of lighting time and photosynthesis of the light source and the yield. The plant characteristic spectrum experimental box and the experimental method thereof provide experimental technology and means for researching plant physiology, and lay the foundation of manufacturing of characteristic spectrum light source suitable for plant growth, thus being capable of meeting the demand on the scientific and research and production of modern agriculture.

The invention discloses a method for releasing dormancy of pear seeds, relates to imbibition, whitening and germination of seeds, and belongs to the fields of plant physiology and production cultivation. According to the method disclosed by the invention, seeds are soaked in an earlier stage; successively, the seeds are coated by degreasing cotton on seed coat; the features of good moisture retention performance and good permeability of the degreasing cotton are utilized, the dormancy of the pear seeds is completely broken through cold stratification. The method has the advantages of easiness for operation, simple steps, convenience for observation and the like, and has a good effect on breaking dormancy; moreover, by adopting the degreasing cotton for coating, chemical agent and hormones are conveniently added so as to research the effect on release of seed dormancy.

The present invention relates to methods for stimulating root growth and / or enhancing the formation of lateral or adventitious roots and / or altering root geotropism comprising expression of a plant cytokinin oxidase or comprising expression of another protein that reduces the level of active cytokinins in plants or plant parts. Also provided by the present invention are methods for increasing seed size and / or weight, embryo size and / or weight, and cotyledon size and / or weight. The methods comprise expression of a plant cytokinin oxidase or expression of another protein that reduces the level of active cytokinins in plants or plant parts. The invention also relates to novel plant cytokinin oxidase proteins, nucleic acid sequences encoding cytokinin oxidase proteins as well as to vectors, host cells, transgenic cells and plants comprising said sequences. The invention also relates to the use of said sequences for improving root-related characteristics including increasing yield and / or enhancing early vigor and / or modifying root / shoot ratio and / or improving resistance to lodging and / or increasing drought tolerance and / or promoting in vitro propagation of explants and / or modifying cell fate and / or plant development and / or plant morphology and / or plant biochemistry and / or plant physiology. The invention also relates to the use of said sequences in the above-mentioned methods. The invention also relates to methods for identifying and obtaining proteins and compounds interacting with cytokinin oxidase proteins. The invention also relates to the use of said compounds as a plant growth regulator or herbicide.

The invention relates to plant protein extracting, in particular to a non-degeneration plant holoprotein extracting solution and a preparing method thereof. The extracting solution is characterized by being an aqueous solution containing a phosphate buffer solution, EDTA, glycerol, PVP and protease inhibitors. The extracting solution has the advantages that plant holoprotein extracted with the holoprotein extracting solution is suitable for analyzing the activity of protease and measuring the protein concentration with methods such as BCA; the holoprotein is not degenerated, reducing agents influencing measuring of the BCA and the like are not added, the extracted holoprotein can be stored for several months in the frozen mode, and sediment is basically avoided after re-melting; in addition, the activity of the holoprotein is basically free of influences before and after storage, the extracted holoprotein is high in amount and can be further directly used for further separation purification, and therefore the extracting solution has important application value in the aspect of plant physiology and biochemistry researching.

The invention discloses a bioactivation organic calcium-boron multielement nutrient solution and a preparation method thereof. The nutrient solution uses calcium lactate and boracic acid as major ingredients; nitrogen, potassium, potassium humate, potassium fulvate, amino acid and various microelements are supplemented according to the plant physiological principle and the nutritional balance principle. The bioactivation organic calcium-boron multielement nutrient solution has the advantages that the thickness of a plant cell membrane can be effectively increased, so that the water melting capability is improved; the smoothness and the fast transportation capability of a plant nutrition passage are ensured, so that the early-period small size, yellow color and leaf falling of the plants isprevented; the percentage of fertile fruits is improved; the flower falling and the fruit falling are avoided, the fruit density and hardness are improved; the sunburn and the steam burning are reduced; the tenacity of the cell wall can be effectively enhanced, i.e., the fruit peel elasticity is enhanced; the fruit cracking and the disease and pest harm are reduced; the yield is increased; the quality is improved; the fruit storability is improved; the shelf life is prolonged.

The invention provides a sampling device and method for the plant balance pressing juice, which is proper for the plant physiology, bionomy and agriculture study. So it is important in using water, fighting drought and breeding of crop. The plant juice sampling device is made up of the high-pressure tank, the tank switch, the manometer, the air inlet controlling valve, the high pressure connecting pipe, the pressure room, the room cover, the sealing collar, the precise manometer, the exhaust controlling valve and vent. In close condition, it give the pressure on the balance pressure at sampling part and keep it by the gas-liquid balancing technology to extract the juice of leaf, tress, stalk and root for test. The merits of it is that the sample is near the real condition, the time is short, the quantity is much, the sampling part is not limited; the precision and quantity are all meet the advance analysis request; also it can detect the water potential of sampling organic.

The invention belongs to the plant root spatial distribution technical field and relates to a method and system for measuring the spatial distribution of a plant root system. According to the method and system of the invention, image segmentation is performed on the video data of on original root system, a spatial scope to which original plant root system skeleton points belong is determined by using a voting principle; root system points are detected in images through the voting principle, the vertical ordinate of the center of an ellipse is calculated through using an ellipse equation; the positions of the original root system in different horizontal layers of a growth medium are determined according to the value of the vertical ordinate of the center of the ellipse; and the positions ofthe root system in different horizontal regions of the growth medium are determined according to the direction of the end coordinates of the semi-major axis of the ellipse. According to the method and system of the invention, the ratio data of the original root system are obtained; and the three-dimensional parameters of the form and configuration of the plant root system can be quantified by using the ratio data of the original root system, and in-situ and dynamic observation can be performed by using the ratio data. Conveniences can be provided for the scientific research of subject fieldssuch as root biology, plant nutrition, plant physiology and plant growth computer simulation.

The invention discloses a method for quickly relieving dormancy of pyrus betulaefolia seeds, relates to hormone treatment and germination acceleration, and belongs to the field of plant physiology and production cultivation. According to the method, by removing peels of the seeds, covering the seeds with degreasing cotton, treating the peeled off seeds with a gibberellin and glucose mixed solution and using proper exogenous hormone and the moisture retention property of the degreasing cotton, the dormancy of the seeds is broken through. The method has the advantages of simple steps, low loss, relatively short time and the like; the effect of relieving the dormancy is good, the number of mildewed seeds is relatively small, and germinated seeds can be used for sowing or subsequent experiment.

The invention discloses a method for predicting the suitable habitat of a ginkgo fruit forest based on climate and soil factors, and belongs to the technical field of species distribution prediction. The method comprises the steps of firstly, establishing a climate ecological niche model and a soil ecological niche model; predicting the habitat types of the ginkgo fruit forest by using the climate ecological niche model and the soil ecological niche model, and classifying the habitat types of the ginkgo fruit forest; carrying out verification test on the model and a prediction result through a seed field test; filtering the climate-suitable habitat by using the soil-suitable habitat; and predicting the change of the suitable habitat of the ginkgo fruit forest under the future climate scene. The two models are combined, the current and future under different climate change scenes can be predicted, the reliability of model output is verified through experimental data, the prediction process is more efficient, the result is more accurate, prediction of the habitat suitability classification model conforms to the knowledge of phytophysiology and economics, and the habitat suitability classification model has good application prospects. The method has important significance for guiding the production practice of the ginkgo fruit forest.

The invention provides a wetland ecological information system which stores wetland ecological data in a database, wherein the database comprises an interface-connected plant landscape information unit, a vector gate information interaction unit, a plant physiological information unit, an animal habitat information unit, an animal habitat forecasting unit and data acquiring equipment. The plant landscape information unit is used for forming into plant landscape thematic information in a classifying way; the vector gate information interaction unit is used for obtaining the vector gate interaction information of different times, different types and different data sources of the wetland; the plant physiological information unit is used for forming into plant physiology thematic information; the animal habitat information unit is used for forming into animal habitat thematic information; the animal habitat forecasting unit is used for forming into animal habitat variation tendency thematic information; and the information is also stored in the database and is outputted as well as displayed through output equipment.

The invention provides a plant tissue culture bottle washing device applied to experiments of plant physiology. The plant tissue culture bottle washing device comprises a washing device body, whereinthe washing device body comprises a washing tank and an arrangement frame; a partition plate is fixed at a position close to the bottom end of the washing tank. When the plant tissue culture bottle washing device is used for washing culture bottles, the bottom ends of the culture bottles are placed into fixing cylinders; guide plates of a clamping plate are aligned to guide sliding grooves, and athrough hole is aligned to a fixing column; clamping holes are sleeved on openings of the culture bottles at the moment, then the clamping plate is pressed, and a fixing nut is sleeved and is used forfixing the culture bottles; the arrangement frame is inverted on a placement frame of the washing tank; washing brushes stretch into the culture bottles at the moment, then a motor is started, a rowof driving gears is driven to rotate when the motor rotates; the driving gears transmit rotation to each row of driven gears at the tail ends; then the each row of driven gears at the tail ends transmit rotation to the row of driven gears, so that all the driven gears rotate together to wash the culture bottles.