The invention provides a prediction method and
system for a rock stratum fracture disaster in
tunnel engineering, and belongs to the field of
tunnel engineering. Comprising the steps of multi-
modal monitoring data acquisition and synchronization, data preprocessing and feature calculation, multi-
modal information entropy evolution analysis, catastrophe point detection and precursor identification,
risk assessment and early warning output and the like. Multiple types of sensors are arranged at key positions of a tunnel, an
edge computing gateway is accessed through an industrial-grade
field bus, and space-time reference unification of multi-source heterogeneous data is achieved; carrying out preprocessing and feature calculation on the collected
original data; performing sliding window probability distribution modeling on each
modal feature, calculating an information theory index, and analyzing non-linear relevance among the multi-modal features; judging whether a catastrophe precursor event exists or not by adopting
multiple methods; and finally, based on a catastrophe point detection result, performing
risk assessment on the tunnel region by using a multi-dimensional
risk quantification model, and performing early warning output on high-risk and emergency states.