259 results about "Housing estate" patented technology

The invention is DCPL field bus of network intelligent meter gauge end. The host connects with several field slave machines which are several network intelligent water meter end, gas meter end and home distribution end respectively. Connects several field slave machines and addressing remote digital correspondence function through a twisted pair line, and provides the field bus of direct current power. The network prepaying bridge sets CPU, data storing chip, analog switch, displaying circuit, light coupler and correspondence chip connected through MODEM chip, the CPU also connects with radiofrequency read / write model, the user forms outdoor card brushing information interactive. The host of bridge connects with DCPL field bus ports of slave machines; connects with RS485 or CAN bus portsof housing estate managing computer. The IC card is brushed without contact through bridge, and the data are transmitted to user network intelligent meter gauge end through DPCL.

The invention relates to the field of logistics, and particularly discloses an automatic logistic delivering device, an automatic logistic delivering system and an automatic logistic delivering method. The automatic logistic delivering device comprises a terminal cabinet machine, a terminal host and a master controller. The terminal cabinet machine comprises a plurality of cells for loading packages or goods, an opening unit for controlling opening and closing of the cell is arranged in each cell, a first information reading unit for reading information labels of the packages or goods is arranged in each cell. The terminal host comprises a second information reading unit for acquiring identification information of a receiver or a delivery man. The master controller is electrically connected with the first information reading unit, the second information reading unit and the opening unit respectively. The automatic logistic delivering device is mounted at the positions such as a housing estate, a school or an office building and the like crowded with people, the delivery man only needs to store the delivered goods or packages in the cells, the receiver can go to the appointed address to fetch goods or packages at own convenient times, and a conventional manner that the delivery man and the receiver must finish the delivering face to face is broken through.

The invention relates to a cross layer design method of up resources of a shared system by the terminal direction connection technology. The method is used for conducting combined scheduling and optimization distribution on frequency, time, space and power resource by combining base stations, a D2D communication end physical layer, a link layer and a network layer. The method includes allowing D2D users to adopt the mode of simultaneously coordinating interference of the D2D client to a base state and interference of honeycomb users to the D2D client when the D2D users share up link resources of a honeycomb system to keep normal communication of a traditional user link and obtain effective gain brought by the D2D direction connection technology, and conducting cross layer resource distribution mode on the resources through the link self-adapting method. The cross layer design method is specifically applied to the following three scenes: 1) a single D2D communication pair and the honeycomb users coexist in a housing estate; 2) a plurality of D2D communication pairs and the honeycomb users coexist in the housing estate; and 3) a single D2D communication pair and the honeycomb users coexist between housing estates.

The invention provides a communication matching method, user equipment and a base station. The communication matching method comprises that second user equipment which supports a device to device (D2D) function obtains D2D capacity information of a serving base station in a housing estate in which the second user equipment is arranged. After the second user equipment ensures that the housing estate in which the second user equipment is arranged supports the D2D function according to the D2D capacity information, the second user equipment obtains first user equipment information broadcasted by first user equipment which supports the D2D function. The second user equipment carries out communication matching with the first user equipment according to information of the first user equipment and the D2D capacity information of the serving base station in the housing estate in which the second user equipment is arranged. The communication matching method can achieve communication matching of user equipment which supports the D2D function according to information of user equipment and the capacity of base stations, and avoids the problem of procedure failure or exception of D2D communication matching caused by the facts that the base station is incapable of supporting the D2D function, or the capacity of supporting the D2D function of the base station is limited, and thus the success rate of the communication matching can be improved.

The invention relates to systems and methods for displaying housing estate landscape data and generating housing estate landscape display data. In the system and the method for displaying the housing estate landscape data, each piece of housing estate landscape display data is associated with corresponding housing estate information; a housing estate landscape image and a housing estate landscape virtual scene are generated in a shooting mode or a mode of creating a three-dimensional model scene; housing estate outdoor landscapes, specific to individual households, of housing estates which are built or even not built can be displayed; and a visualized housing estate experience is provided for a housing estate follower. By adoption of the system and the method for generating the housing estate landscape display data, high-efficiency batch generation of the display data can be realized. The system and the method for displaying the housing estate landscape data are particularly applicable to marketing display of the housing estates having large house source quantity.

The invention relates to an automatic cleaning system for garbage in an artificial river channel in a housing estate, and a use method for the automatic cleaning system, and belongs to the technical field of river channel cleaning. The technical key point of the automatic cleaning system is that the automatic cleaning system comprises a cleaning boat body, a salvage device arranged on the cleaningboat body, a container for transshipment, a transmission device, an extrusion device, a carrying box, a collection box, a flow guidance hopper and a material pushing device, wherein the container fortransshipment is arranged on the cleaning boat body; the transmission device is arranged on the cleaning boat body for transmitting garbage fished by the salvage device to the container for transshipment; the extrusion device is arranged on the container for transshipment for extruding the garbage in the container for transshipment for reducing moisture in the garbage; the carrying box is arranged below the container for transshipment for carrying the moisture extruded by the extrusion device; the collection box is arranged on one side of the container for transshipment for collecting the extruded garbage; the flow guidance hopper is arranged between the container for transshipment and the collection box for carrying out flow guidance on the extruded garbage to the collection box; and thematerial pushing device is arranged in the container for transshipment for pushing the extruded garbage to the flow guidance hopper. By use of the automatic cleaning system, the garbage flowing on the artificial river channel can be automatically cleaned, and the labor capacity of cleaning personnel is lowered.

The invention discloses a housing-unit access control device based on wireless communication and housing-estate access control system. The housing-unit access control device based on wireless communication comprises a building-door terminal and a plurality of indoor terminals, wherein the building-door terminal comprises a building-door controller, a wireless communication module, a display screen, an electric lock controller, a camera, an electroacoustic device and a digital key; each indoor terminal comprises an indoor controller, a wireless communication module, a display screen, an electroacoustic device and a control key; and the wireless communication module of the building-door terminal is in wireless communication connection with the wireless communication modules of the indoor terminals. The invention has the advantages that the cost is reduced by utilizing free communication of a 3G-visual communication trunking network, and the defects of more wires in the rooms and difficulty in maintenance in the access control device and system are effectively overcome; the indoor terminals are connected with a security detector, so that when an owner is not at home, a personal mobile terminal can be used for monitoring indoor security equipment remotely and carrying out remote meeting; and when no person is at home, guests can enter the room in advance for waiting.

The invention relating to the field of the information service technology provides a real-estate market and housing resource information management system comprising a housing estate headline content display processing module, a housing resource content display processing module, a housing estate and real-estate market circle display processing module, a data base, and a map module. The housing estate headline content display processing module is used for obtaining housing estate information, carrying out classification processing on the housing estate information, and controlling displaying of the housing estate information at a headline edition interface; the housing resource content display processing module is used for processing the housing estate information, displaying the processed housing estate information, receiving a query instruction, and invoking and displaying housing estate information matching the query instruction; the housing estate and real-estate market circle display processing module is used for receiving comment contents inputted by communication users including housing estate masters and displaying the comment contents at a housing estate and real-estate market circle edition interface according to a receiving time sequence; the database is used for storing the housing estate information, the housing resource information, and the comment contents; and the map module is used for providing map data and displaying a map picture for a user. Therefore, convenience is provided for users buying or selling houses to avoid lots of time and energy spent in on-site house visiting and selection.

The invention provides a telecommunication wide-band network intelligent monitoring platform, applied to intelligently manage machine room environment and network devices in the telecommunication wide-band network, and including two parts: a device system platform situated housing estate convergent machine room and a system platform situated in the center, where the former includes: environment monitoring module to monitor temperature and humidity in the machine room and make smoke sensing and fire alarm; safety control module to provide remote talk-back, entrance guard control and video monitoring; device control module; network management module including data collecting unit, network manger control unit, data storage unit and network manager substituting unit; the two parts exchange data by a wide-band network, the system platform in the center takes charge of the information collected by housing estate machine room platform and provides monitoring and management display interface to realize monitoring and management.

The invention provides a system for video data acquisition and management based on cloud storage. The video data acquisition uses a way of multichannel acquiring and then analyzing and combining the data. The combined and compressed data is uploaded to cloud data storage by a wired or a wireless way. And then an administrator can call the data in the cloud storage anytime anywhere as long as connecting to a network. The system overcomes defects of existing video devices such as poor adjusting capability, low compression ratio, large space usage, narrow output range, etc. The system can acquire data rapidly, and can call, monitor, and save remote video data better and faster. The system can be used in various kinds of communal facilities in traffic, housing estates, banks, etc.

The invention relates to an intelligent express delivery locker, a dispensing system and a dispensing implementation method and relates to the technical field of physical distribution, aiming to solve the technical problem of dispensing out of express delivery lockers in housing estates and commercial buildings. The intelligent express delivery locker comprises a plurality of express delivery locker bodies, a dispensing interactor, a control module and a power module, wherein the delivery locker bodies are used for storing express parcels, the dispensing interactor is used for acquiring dispensing interactive information, the control module is used for opening the express delivery locker bodies after validating the dispensing interactive information successfully, and the power module is used for supplying working voltage to all the other modules.

The invention discloses a business data integration method oriented to real estate registration. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a uniform data model of real estate registration according to different structures of real estate registration units such as housing estates, land parcels, forest lands, grasslands and the like; establishing a data conversion rule according to the data relation between various isomerous data bases and the uniform data model; converting different types of real estate data into data conforming with the real estate registration rule through the ETL technology; establishing the relation between the housing estates, grasslands, forest lands and land parcels and completing integration of the business data. The business data integration method oriented to real estate registration has important practical application value in the field of real estate registration, effectively reduces troubles of manual operation, and ensures that the converted real estate business data are correct and applicable, thereby being wide in application prospect.

The invention relates to a three-layer mechanical ascending and descending parking device which is driven by solar energy and adapts to the transformation of old residential areas. The device comprises a base and an ascending and descending vehicle table used for parking. The invention is characterized in that a steel frame is fixedly arranged on the base, the top of the steel frame is provided with a power source and a lifting mechanism connected with the power source, and the lifting mechanism provides power via the power source; and the ascending and descending vehicle table is connected on a cable wire of the lifting mechanism, and the ascending and descending vehicle table is driven to ascend and descend via the lifting mechanism. The invention occupies small area and has low manufacturing cost, and a single device or a plurality of side-by-side devices can be arranged on the corner floor of the old residential area. The device has ingenious and reasonable structure, and can be suitable for parking all vehicles. The lifting mechanism is a reel cable mechanism with low speed and large torque, and is driven by a small-power motor and a battery, a solar panel charges the battery all the day, and a power supply does not need to be switched on. An anti-falling mechanism is arranged in a steel frame column, so the safety is good; and the work noise is lower, and the device is suitable for the living environment of a housing estate.

The invention discloses a device for the treatment and reclamation of rain water based on water quality, comprising a water inlet pipe (1), a recycle-water pipe (32) and a rain water collecting chamber (31). The invention is provided with a rain water treatment device which is used to treat polluted rain water; the water inlet pipe(1) is connected with the rain water treatment device and the rain water collecting chamber(31) respectively; the polluted rain water enters the rain water treatment device for treatment by the water inlet pipe(1), and the treated rain water meets the requirement of the recycle-water on water quality, then the rain water enters the rain water collecting chamber(31), and the rain water meeting the water quality of the recycle-water directly enters the rain water collecting chamber(31); and the rain water collected by the rain water collecting chamber(31) is recycled by the recycle-water pipe(32). The device can treat and utilize the rain water based on different pollution degrees of the rain water, thereby resolving the recycling problem of rain water in housing estates, architectural complexes and areas; and the device not only reduces the pollution load of rain water in cities, but also improves the utilization ratio of rain water resource.

The present invention belonging to a power control device and more particularly relates to the transformer load control caused by multiple charging piles. The technical scheme is that the system comprises a controller host machine (1), a plurality of controller extension machines (2) arranged at charging piles (5) and a communication bus (3) which is connected between the controller host machine (1) and the controller extension machines (2). By applying the system and the method, all charging piles in a housing estate can be controlled in real time, a power use peak is staggered, construction investment can be reduced for new residential housing estates and enterprises, transformer zero load loss can be reduced, and electrical system transformation difficulty and cost can be greatly reduced for a built housing estate with the need of adding charging piles.

The invention provides a satellite positioning navigation-based intelligent parking system using Internet. The intelligent parking system comprises a smart phone client, a parking stall reserving and renting software, a wireless router, an intelligent garage management system, parking stalls, Internet + intelligent parking stall locks, and electric car charging points. The smart phone client, the intelligent garage management system, and the Internet + intelligent parking stall locks access the Internet; the intelligent garage management system or each Internet + intelligent parking stall lock sends unoccupied parking stall information; the smart phone client does online search and pays to reserve an unoccupied parking stall through the parking stall reserving and renting software; when a parking stall is reserved, the information on the Internet is changed timely; when a vehicle to be parked arrives the parking stall, the vehicle can enter a housing estate or a parking garage after identity confirmation by means of password entering; when the parking lock is unlocked by means of password entering, self-service parking is finished; and if the vehicle to be parked arrives at a garage, the parking program is changed correspondingly so as to guarantee that there is a parking stall for the vehicle to be parked to use. Each parking stall can be additionally provided with a charging point. The parking stall owner can set the rent condition about his / her parking stall through the Internet at any time.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a heating adjustment method. The heating adjustment method comprises the steps that the indoor temperatures of a plurality of users in a housing estate are collected within the set time period; the average value T of the indoor temperatures of the multiple users is calculated; the difference value delta T between the average value T and a set temperature T' is calculated; and the heating flow supplied to the housing estate is adjusted according to the delta T, and the time period is adjusted according to the delta T. The indoor temperatures of the multiple users in the housing estate are collected periodically, whether there is a need to adjust the heating flow supplied to the housing estate or not is determined according to the difference value between the average value of the indoor temperatures of the multiple users and the set temperature, and the adjusting period of the heating flow is adjusted according to the temperature difference. Therefore, rapid and fine control and adjustment are conducted on the heating flow of the housing estate through the indoor temperature big data. The invention further discloses a heating adjustment device.

An electric vehicle anti-theft system based on technology of internet of things realizes thievery prevention of electric vehicles in a housing estate by the aid of ZigBee and GPRS (general packet radio service) technology. The system comprises electronic tags, a detection device, an alarm device and a monitoring center, the electronic tags include vehicle owner tags and plate number tags, one vehicle owner tag and one plate number tag in a set are provided for each electric vehicle, the vehicle owner tag is carried with a vehicle owner, the plate number tag is mounted on the electric vehicle, the vehicle owner tag and the plate number tag respectively have a wake-up mode and a sleep mode and can transmit information to the outside in the wake-up mode, a probe distinguishes vehicle identities according to received tag information, the alarm device is immediately started when a suspicious vehicle is detected, an alarm lamp is turned on, an alarm whistle peals to remind a worker on duty of carefully and thoroughly examining the vehicle, information of passing vehicles is transmitted to the monitoring center through a GPRS wireless network, the monitoring center receives the electric vehicle information transmitted by the detection device and stores the information for counting and positioning the vehicles, and a system user can browse the information through a terminal.

The invention relates to a transverse moving parking space for parking an automobile at the roadside, particularly on a roadside lawn, standard parking under poor road conditions is achieved, and operation is convenient and safe. A base fixed to a foundation under a lawn or a terrace is designed, a frame is installed on a positioning shaft and buffering springs of the base, an automobile bearing plate provided with guide wheels can move on the frame and can be moved to a road surface outside a step of the lawn so that a driver can drive the automobile onto or away from the automobile bearing plate in the mode of being parallel to the step, and the automobile bearing plate is lifted and moves back to the parking space after the automobile is parked or picked up. The automobile can be parked or picked up manually under the power-losing condition. The transverse moving parking space has the advantages that on the occasions of lacking parking spaces, the roadside lawn is used for parking at night, landscape greening is not affected in the daytime, the transverse moving parking space is exquisite in appearance, the automobile is parallel to the roadside when parked or picked up so that turning or backing can be avoided, and the transverse moving parking space is people-oriented effective equipment relieving parking difficulty in a housing estate.

The invention discloses a method and a device based on measurement report (MR) data and for constructing network uploading interference matrix. The method comprises that a building automation (BA) form preset by a housing estate is edited and is output to a memory system (MS) in the housing estate; MR data is obtained through measurement by the MS in each service housing estate according to the BA form received; segmenting count is performed according to each MS uploading electric level in the MR data so that an uploading electric level normal distribution function of the service housing estate is established; according to a downloading point of the network service housing estate and a uploading point of an adjacent housing estate, an uploading road damage correcting value and a downloading road damage correcting value are obtained; uploading electric level of transmitted power of the adjacent housing estate MS in the position of a base transceiver station (BTS) of the service housing estate is obtained according to the MR data so that an interference normal distribution function to the service housing estate from each adjacent housing estate is established; according to the interference normal distribution function to the service housing estate from each adjacent housing estate and the uploading electric level normal distribution function of the service housing estate, same and adjacent channel interference telephone traffic among the housing estates are calculated. According to the method and the device, uploading interference conditions and total interference of an optimized network among the housing estates are estimated.

The invention discloses a trunking traffic achieving method based on long term evolution and a trunking user terminal. The trunking user terminal comprises a first monitoring unit used for monitoring a trunk paging transmission calling transmission channel (TPCH), a group calling requesting unit used for launching group calling, a second monitoring unit used for monitoring a trunk group control information channel (TGCCH) on the network side after the first monitoring unit monitors group calling news through the TPCH to obtain configuration information of a trunk group traffic channel (TGTCH) transmitted on the TGCCH and a third monitoring unit used for building local TGTCH loads based on the configuration information to monitor the TGTCH. A logic information channel is increased at the trunk UE end. The method achieves the group calling process of the trunk UE to other trunk UEs in the housing estate, achieves point to multipoint calling, and avoids building a plurality of special loads to meet LTE trunk traffic communication requirements.

The invention discloses a movable intelligent express box. The movable intelligent express box comprises a cabinet and a cabinet door. A controllable electromagnetic lock is arranged on the cabinet, and the express box is detachably fixed through the electromagnetic lock; a key module and an identification module are arranged on the cabinet, the key module comprises a numeric keypad for inputting data, a function selection key for selecting the taking function or the putting function, an enter key for entering operation, a releasing key for opening the electromagnetic lock and an attracting key for locking the electromagnetic lock; a communication module is arranged on the cabinet and connected with a server through a network. The invention also relates to an application method of the movable intelligent express box. The movable intelligent express box and the application method thereof are used in a housing estate, the number and the position of the express box can be arranged as required, limitation of a site is avoided, and full utilization of the express box can be achieved.

The invention discloses a family base station frequency spectrum allocation method based on load prediction grouping in a layered heterogenous network and belongs to the technical field of communications. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, load predictive value is periodically obtained by family base stations in a housing estate according to historical load information; step 2, obtained load prediction information is used by the family base stations in the housing estate for periodically grouping and the frequency spectrums are independently allocated for each group; step 3, the frequency spectrums are independently allocated within each group when the grouping is decided by the family base stations in the housing estate and the frequency spectrums of the family base stations in the same group are not repeated. According to the method, the historical load information of all the family base stations and a macro base station is optimized to obtain the load prediction information in a further period; the obtained load predictive value of all the family base stations is used for grouping the family base stations in the housing estate; the spectrum resource is independently used and allocated after grouping, therefore, the interferences in the same level among the family base stations can be reduced effectively.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional network terminal warehouse service system. The three-dimensional network terminal warehouse service system comprises a terminal server, a express delivery personnel mobile phone client, a user mobile phone client, a communication base station, N express company servers, and M self-service material sending terminals, wherein N and M are positive integers which are bigger than or equals to 2. According to the three-dimensional network terminal warehouse service system, problems that in the prior art, express enterprises adopts an offline stagnation point office method, thus expenditure of the enterprises is big and express price information is not transparent, and the choice of people is not benefitted are solved; problems that in the prior art, the method of arranging intermediate service sites in a housing estate so as to uniformly settle and allocate goods from each express company is low in working efficiency, high in rent cost, and the situation that people reasonably arrange own time and conveniently and fast send expresses is not benefitted are solved.

The invention discloses an intercom access control cloud management system and method, and a highlighting method thereof. The intercom access control cloud management system comprises an access control host, a mobile terminal and a cloud server, and a management platform is arranged on the cloud server; the access control host is installed on a housing estate (enterprise) unit door, and the mobile terminal is provided with an access control management APP; the mobile terminal can communicate with the cloud server and the access control host through the access control management APP, the access control host is provided with a lock control module, a keyboard, a camera, a card reader, a liquid crystal screen, a microphone, a loudspeaker and a communication module, a user can perform Bluetooth approach unlocking and visitor video call through the APP on the mobile terminal and can also send an unlocking verification code of the visitor, the management platform is provided with multiple levels of administrators to perform hierarchical management, the system is simple in structure, free of local area network and is convenient and efficient.

The embodiment of the invention discloses an air conditioning control method. The air conditioning control method comprises the steps of obtaining initial setting temperatures of air conditioners of multiple users in a housing estate; calculating an average value T of the initial setting temperatures of the air conditioners of the multiple users; determining the target temperature ti of the ith air conditioner of the first kind of users according to the average value T, wherein i is equal to 1, 2, 3...; and adjusting the temperature of the ith air conditioner of the first kind of users to the target temperature ti. The initial setting temperatures of the air conditioners of the first kind of users in the housing estate are automatically intervened and adjusted by utilizing the average value of the initial setting temperatures of the air conditioners of the multiple users in the same housing estate, so that energy consumption which corresponds to the target temperature is lower than that which corresponds to the initial setting temperatures after adjustment, the room temperature of a specific user can be precisely adjusted in a targeted mode by effectively using room temperature big data, the requirement of the user on the room temperature control can be satisfied, and the user can be assisted to reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioner. The invention further discloses an air conditioning control device.

The present invention provides a shop position positioning method and a system thereof. The method comprises the following steps that (1) a server obtains a plurality of shop information and a plurality of housing estate information and binds each of the shop information with the information of the housing estate where the shop is, (2) the server receives the position information of a user and a shop search instruction and calculates the position coordinate of the user according to the user position information, (3) the server obtains the information of the housing estate of the user corresponding to the position coordinate according to the obtained position coordinate, searches all shop information bound to the housing estate information according to the information of the housing estate of the user, and pushes the shop information to the user, (4) the server receives the order instruction of the user and sends the order to the corresponding shop such that the shop completes distribution according to the order instruction. According to the method and the system, all shop information and housing estate information are bound, and thus while the user searches a convenience store, the user can be precisely positioned according to the housing estate information of the user.

The invention provides super housing estates and an interference coordination method for the super housing estates networked in a common-frequency and chained manner. The method comprises the following steps of judging whether interference from another super housing estate adjacent to a margin sub-region (CP) of a super housing estate exists when a user joins up the margin sub-region (CP) of the super housing estate; and selecting a bandwidth scheduling user which is not overlapped with the adjacent super housing estate if the interference from the super housing estate adjacent to the margin sub-region (CP) exists. By the interference coordination method, interference coordination among the super housing estates which are networked in the chained manner is realized.

The invention discloses an intelligent commodity vending machine, a vending system and a commercial sale method thereof. The vending system comprises a cloud server, a merchant background and the intelligent vending machine, wherein the intelligent vending machine, the cloud server and the merchant background are connected through the internet to achieve data transmission, personalized shopping experiences are provided for users of all housing estates, and meanwhile the cloud server and the merchant background execute data storage, statistics, analysis, classification and management. The intelligent vending machine integrates intelligent vending, print and video advertisement pushing, information publishing and bilateral interaction, can receive and send parcels according to the demands ofclients and achieve personalized purchase and other functions and can achieve large-scale copying, popularization and operation, accordingly the waste and pollution problems of package of daily necessities are decreased, meanwhile residents of the housing estates can also purchase cheap and high-quality commodities indoors and meanwhile can also recover, lease, rent and sale empty bottles, and the cost is saved.

The invention provides a commuting house searching method and device. The method comprises the following steps that: dividing a map into geohash blocks; calculating corresponding commuting time when different commuting ways between the geohash blocks are used for commuting, and storing the commuting ways among a finite number of geohash blocks and corresponding commuting time in a first database;obtaining the coordinate of a user and the acceptable commuting time of a user, and converting the coordinate of the user into the corresponding geohash block, inquiring the first database according to the converted geohash block and the acceptable commuting time of the user, and obtaining each target geohash block which meets commuting time requirements and a commuting way and commuting time independently corresponding to each target geohash block; and according to each target geohash block, independently inquiring the first database, obtaining a housing estate or a housing estate set independently corresponding to each target geohash block, and displaying each obtained housing estate or housing estate set and the corresponding commuting time and commuting way. By use of the method, housing resources which meet the commuting requirement can be quickly and accurately obtained.