671 results about "Electronic tags" patented technology

The invention discloses an agricultural product cold chain carriage temperature control method based on space equalization, and relates to the technical field of intelligent cold chain logistics, and the method comprises the steps: collecting carriage three-dimensional point cloud data and agricultural product electronic tag information, building a carriage loading three-dimensional model, carrying out the space grid division, and generating a partition topological feature vector; collecting temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration data, calculating average temperature and average gas concentration observation values, and generating a breathing heat estimation value in combination with the partition topological feature vector; inputting the breathing heat estimation value into a dynamic prediction model, generating a subarea cold load curve and a priority weight by combining the subarea temperature deviation, and outputting a subarea cold load sequence; and according to the partition cold load sequence, generating a local execution proposal, constructing a global optimization problem taking the space temperature balance degree as an optimization target, and generating a global control plan. According to the method, global temperature equalization and energy consumption collaborative optimization are realized through network reasoning and dynamic optimization of the meta-reinforcement learning strategy.

A communication method, apparatus and device, and a storage medium, a chip, a product and a program are provided. The method includes that a first electronic tag sends a first signal, the first signal being used for a first device to perform measurement to obtain a first measurement result or being used for a second device to perform measurement to obtain a second measurement result, and the first measurement result or the second measurement result being used for determining location information of the second device.

The invention provides a warehouse management method for emergency materials of a smart station, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a production date, an expiration date and an initial environment parameter through the analysis of an electronic tag of the emergency materials, and generating a dynamic temperature suitable range based on the nonlinear mapping of the expiration date and an initial temperature value; generating a dynamic humidity suitable range based on a correlation model of the production date and the initial humidity value; the overlap ratio of the remaining days of the shelf life and the temperature suitable range is calculated to serve as a first priority factor, a second dynamic allocation factor is generated in combination with the real-time load rate of the warehouse, and a material allocation matrix is generated through integration of a priority fusion algorithm; according to the method, target warehouse environment parameters are monitored in real time, a multi-stage adjustment strategy is triggered when the target warehouse environment parameters exceed a suitable range, a parameter self-learning engine is started when verification fails, intelligent regulation and optimization of the storage environment are achieved, and the emergency material storage safety and management efficiency are improved. The method can dynamically adapt to the material characteristic change, and optimizes the warehouse environment control precision.

The invention discloses a multi-system fused vehicle-mounted carbon metering comprehensive management system, and relates to the technical field of carbon emission monitoring, the system is composed of a plurality of functional modules, and the system comprises a data acquisition and processing module for acquiring cargo electronic tags and matching cargo information in multiple systems based on the cargo electronic tags; the operation scheduling optimization module is used for performing evaluation and classification according to the cargo information, and screening candidate vehicles meeting basic conditions from a vehicle information base according to evaluation and classification results; carrying out comprehensive evaluation on the screened candidate vehicles, carrying out global optimization in combination with all goods and vehicles in the transportation task, and constructing a transportation task matching algorithm; and the carbon metering and feedback module is used for acquiring actual energy consumption data, mileage data and cargo transportation conditions of the vehicle based on global optimization, and calculating the carbon emission of the vehicle in the transportation process according to a set carbon emission accounting method.

The invention discloses a high-performance concrete detection method, and relates to the technical field of concrete detection. Comprising the following steps: sampling: performing segmented sampling and uniform mixing in an unloading process, acquiring image information of a sample, analyzing and pre-judging risks, generating a unique electronic tag for the sample, and binding related information of the batch of high-performance concrete; and fresh mixing performance testing: monitoring discharge rheological parameters in real time, automatically testing integrated slump, expansion degree, volume weight and gas content of the sample, judging workability and deciding pouring. According to the method, the solid curing test piece is manufactured and cured in the environment which is completely the same as the solid structure, the measured strength can more accurately reflect the actual development condition of solid concrete, the strength of the solid concrete is compared with the strength of the standard curing test piece, and the field curing effect is scientifically evaluated; the problem of high-performance concrete or the problem of field maintenance conditions can be better judged, and the accuracy of a detection result is improved.

The invention provides a range hood and stove linkage method, a knob assembly and a stove, is applied to the knob assembly, and relates to the technical field of smart home. The knob assembly comprises a knob and at least two electronic tags, the knob comprises a radio frequency card reader and a Bluetooth module, the knob is coupled with the kitchen range, the electronic tags are arranged on the face, opposite to the knob, of the kitchen range, the Bluetooth module is used for being in communication connection with the range hood, and tag information corresponding to different operation states of the kitchen range is stored in the electronic tags respectively; the method comprises the steps that label information of an electronic label at a corresponding position is read in response to rotation of a radio frequency card reader along with a rotary knob, and the read label information is sent to a range hood through a Bluetooth module, so that the range hood obtains the operation state of a kitchen range and makes a response; the knob with the communication function is used for replacing a knob of an existing stove and is matched and linked with the range hood with the linkage function, all equipment does not need to be updated, the purchase pressure of customers is reduced, and the experience is improved.

The invention provides an RFID-based monitoring system, and relates to the technical field of data processing, and the system comprises a deployment module which is used for deploying a plurality of RFID readers in a monitoring area, forming a read-write network, and recording the geographic coordinates of the readers; constructing an electronic map of the monitoring area based on the geographic coordinates of each reader-writer, and carrying out spatial buffer area analysis by taking a hazard source as a center and combining hazard source attribute data to obtain area boundaries of different hazard levels; dividing an area in the area boundary into two annular monitoring areas; and the positioning module is used for configuring an identity certificate of an RFID electronic tag for a person entering the monitoring area, scanning in a preset period through a read-write network, and obtaining the identity information of the person and the corresponding real-time position. Through cooperation of all the modules, full coverage of a monitoring area, personnel positioning and identity association, risk quantification fusion early warning and full-process datamation management after alarm are achieved, and the accuracy and timeliness of safety monitoring of a crowded place are improved.

The invention discloses a prefabricated part production management system, and relates to the technical field of constructional engineering. The system comprises a BIM model integration module, a scene matching module and a production monitoring module. The BIM model integration module is associated with a production progress plan, extracts component information to generate initial production data, and can parametrically modify the model according to interference conditions and progress deviation to generate optimized production data; the scene matching module detects time sequences and space interferences of different construction stages in combination with the production progress, generates a three-dimensional thermodynamic diagram with progress nodes, and supports installation sequence simulation to output an optimal scheme; the production monitoring module associates the components with the BIM model through a unique electronic tag, full life cycle tracing is achieved, and the tag contains raw material and production process information. According to the system, the production collaboration and controllability of the prefabricated parts are improved, and the system is suitable for the field of prefabricated buildings.

The invention discloses a total factor monitoring method for a marine ranch, and belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering and information. The method comprises the following steps: collecting water quality parameters and biological population data in real time; the planktons and pollutants are identified through spectral analysis and chemical sensing, and environmental elements are classified; a sonar and an electronic tag are combined to track a fish trajectory, and dynamic monitoring data are obtained; predicting a red tide probability based on machine learning and outputting risk early warning; continuously updating the model to form multi-element integrated monitoring data; and finally, sorting the key indexes to generate marine ranch key element monitoring framework data. According to the invention, the real-time monitoring capability of the marine ranching environment and the biological state is obviously improved, the ecological risks such as red tide are reduced, and the sustainable development of the marine ranching is ensured.

The invention discloses a commodity monitoring method based on a paper-based fragile tag and a block chain state machine, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: attaching a paper-based fragile electronic tag to a commodity, initializing the link information and digital identity label state of the commodity, and binding the link information and digital identity label state with the paper-based fragile electronic tag, recording the initialized link information and the digital identity label state to a block chain network; wherein the paper-based fragile electronic tag is designed to generate irreversible physical damage when the paper-based fragile electronic tag is torn off; and in the commodity circulation link, receiving the packaged and uploaded label ID and the link information and the digital signature of the current link, and updating the digital identity label state of the commodity. According to the method, the fragile anti-transfer characteristic of the physical layer and the non-tampering characteristic of the digital layer are deeply coupled, and a unique binding mechanism of one object, one code and one chain and a full-life-cycle credible closed loop are realized, so that the fundamental pain point that a physical commodity is separated from a digital identity is solved.

The invention provides a cross-border commodity adaptive compliance data standardization system and method. Comprising a data preprocessing module used for mapping and converting field names and data formats of different sources; the semantic recognition module is used for recognizing and obtaining initial standardized commodity information; the compliance processing module is used for generating a supervision rule data structure associated with commodity categories, customs clearing fields and customs codes; the standard commodity archive generation module is used for filling customs clearance fields which can be deduced according to the cross-border commodity knowledge graph and the initial standardized commodity information, marking customs clearance fields which cannot be automatically determined, and generating standard commodity archive data; and the electronic tag docking module is used for establishing a corresponding relationship between the electronic tag code and the standard commodity archive data. According to the invention, unified standardized modeling of heterogeneous commodity data can be realized, the generation accuracy of compliance fields and customs clearance information is improved, and the electronic tag application and commodity file maintenance cost is reduced.

The utility model relates to a laser welding anti-theft electronic tag which comprises a thin film layer, a first metal circuit layer and a second metal circuit layer, wherein the first metal circuit layer and the second metal circuit layer are arranged on two sides of the thin film layer; the first metal circuit layer comprises a first capacitor plate, a coil and a first connecting line, and the second metal circuit layer comprises a second capacitor plate and a second connecting line; the first capacitor plate, the second capacitor plate, the first connecting wire and the second connecting wire are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the thin film layer; the welding structure is characterized in that the first connecting line and the second connecting line form a welding point in a laser welding mode. According to the invention, the processing precision of the connection point of the electronic tag is higher, the quality is higher, the speed is higher, the appearance consistency is better, the firmness of the connection point is better, and the performance of the electronic tag is more stable and reliable.

The invention provides an electric power iron tower remote detection fastener and a detection method thereof, and relates to the technical field of electric power facility steel constructions.The electric power iron tower remote detection fastener comprises a bolt, a nut is in threaded connection with the bolt, and an electric power iron tower steel structure is arranged on a bolt rod between the nut and a bolt cap of the bolt; grooved gaskets are arranged on the portions, between the bolt and the electric iron tower steel structure and between the nut and the electric iron tower steel structure, of the tightening latch, and label gaskets are arranged on the portions, between the bolt and the grooved gaskets and between the nut and the grooved gaskets, of the tightening latch. According to the invention, the fastening force change of the bolt and the nut is converted into a measurable signal of the electronic tag through the cooperation of a mechanical structure in the tag gasket and a circuit, and lossless and remote detection of the fastening state of the electric iron tower is realized.

This invention provides a warehouse management method for emergency supplies in smart facilities. It obtains production date, shelf life, and initial environmental parameters by parsing electronic tags on emergency supplies. A dynamic suitable temperature range is generated based on a nonlinear mapping between shelf life and initial temperature value, and a dynamic suitable humidity range is generated based on a correlation model between production date and initial humidity value. The overlap between the remaining shelf life and the suitable temperature range is calculated as a first priority factor, combined with the real-time warehouse load rate to generate a second dynamic allocation factor. A priority fusion algorithm is used to integrate and generate a material allocation matrix. The target warehouse environmental parameters are monitored in real time. When parameters exceed the suitable range, a multi-level adjustment strategy is triggered. If verification fails, a parameter self-learning engine is activated, achieving intelligent control and optimization of the warehouse environment, improving the safety and management efficiency of emergency supplies storage. This application can dynamically adapt to changes in material characteristics and optimize the precision of warehouse environment control.

The utility model discloses an improved implantable RFID tire tag, and relates to the field of electronic tags, the front surface of a PCB is provided with a first bonding pad, one end of a first bonding pad main body is provided with a first convex part, and the vertical width of the first convex part is matched with the outer diameter of a connecting end. During welding, firstly, the connecting end is attached to the first convex part and the first bonding pad main body; then, the connecting end and the first convex part are welded through liquid soldering tin, so that the connecting end is preliminarily fixed; and the connecting end and the first bonding pad main body are welded by using liquid soldering tin, so that the welding of the connecting end and the first bonding pad is reinforced. Therefore, the bonding pad structure of the PCB is used for positioning and welding the spring antenna, so that the offset of the spring antenna is reduced, and the welding firmness of the spring antenna is ensured. In addition, the other end of the first bonding pad main body is provided with a second convex part for positioning and mounting an RFID chip module; a second bonding pad is arranged on the back face of the PCB so that the bonding strength of the PCB and the rubber coating can be improved.

The utility model discloses a full-automatic shared bicycle fixed-point returning electronic lock which comprises a base, two positioning frames are fixedly connected to the top of the base, limiting grooves are formed in the tops of the two positioning frames, recognition modules are fixedly connected to the bottoms in the limiting grooves in an embedded mode, a bicycle body is arranged between the two positioning frames, and the bicycle body is fixedly connected with the two positioning frames. A front wheel frame is arranged on one sides of the two positioning frames, and a bicycle locking assembly is jointly arranged on the sides, close to the front wheel frame, of the two positioning frames. The front wheel frame, the limiting groove and the electromagnetic lock are matched with one another, and the front wheel frame and the limiting groove are used for fixing the shared bicycle, so that a handlebar of the bicycle and a bicycle body including a front wheel are stably positioned and are not prone to toppling over; the electromagnetic lock at the top of the base attracts and locks the vehicle, the vehicle structure is not prone to being damaged when the vehicle is subjected to external acting force, and the service life of the vehicle is prolonged.

The invention discloses an anti-tamper anti-medium electronic tag device and a manufacturing method thereof. The anti-tamper anti-medium electronic tag device comprises an upper cover device, a base device, an inner core module, an anti-tamper device, an anti-medium plate and a mounting device, a coding groove, an inner core module groove and a base groove are formed in the upper cover device; the inner core module is embedded in an inner core module groove of the upper cover device, the base device is embedded in a base groove, the base device is composed of a base plate and a base anti-disassembly hole groove formed in the base plate, and the base plate and the upper cover device are fixed in a sealed mode. The anti-disassembly device is aligned with the anti-disassembly hole groove of the base and is attached to the chip of the inner core module; the anti-medium plate is attached to the bottom surface of the base plate; the installation device is attached to the back face of the anti-medium plate. The tamper-proof scheme is innovatively provided by combining the design application of the anti-medium plate, so that the tamper-proof and tamper-proof capabilities of the tag are improved, and the information safety protection capability of the tag is enhanced. The label device is simple in structure, low in cost and suitable for large-scale popularization and application.

The utility model discloses a wiring-free magnetic type electronic tag, which belongs to the technical field of electronic tags and comprises a shell, an ink screen is arranged on the front surface of the shell, an indicating lamp is fixedly connected to the front surface of the shell, a magnet is fixedly connected to the back surface of the shell, and the magnet is fixedly connected to the back surface of the shell. The two sides of the shell are fixedly connected with fixing devices used for limiting the shell, and a signal receiving device used for receiving data is arranged in the shell. According to the utility model, when the shell needs to be adsorbed at a required position, the magnet on the back surface of the shell is adsorbed on a medicine cabinet, a consumable rack or equipment, and the reusable electronic tag is adopted, and the system is combined with the low-power-consumption technology of the ink screen through the magnet, so that the difficulty that the traditional sticking type tag cannot be reused is solved; and the efficiency and the accuracy of information management are improved, the flexibility, the convenience and the compliance of the consumable and medicine management of the catheter room are greatly improved, the workload is reduced, and the cost is reduced.

The invention provides a heat preservation method for an electronic tag at low temperature, a first temperature sensor and a heating resistor are further arranged in the electronic tag, and a second temperature sensor is arranged in the external environment where the electronic tag is located; according to the internal temperature of the electronic tag and the external environment temperature collected by the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, the MCU calculates the internal temperature change rate of the electronic tag and the temperature difference between the internal temperature of the electronic tag and the external environment temperature; according to the heat preservation method for the electronic tag at the low temperature, the MCU is matched with the heating resistor, different working modes are selected based on different working states, and the heat preservation effect and the energy-saving effect are both considered.

The utility model provides an electronic tag grabbing device. The electronic tag grabbing device comprises a lifting air cylinder, an adapter block fixedly connected with a first piston rod of the lifting air cylinder, a material taking assembly fixed to the adapter block and a material taking air cylinder fixed to the adapter block. A second piston rod of the material taking cylinder is connected with the clutch cylinder; a third piston rod of the clutch cylinder is provided with a magnetic part for adsorbing the electronic tag; the material taking assembly is provided with a limiting mechanism used for limiting the electronic tags. On the premise that the second piston rod extends out, the third piston rod extends out or retracts back, so that the magnetic piece can adsorb an antenna of the electronic tag or the magnetic piece is separated from the antenna of the electronic tag. According to the electronic tag grabbing device, the lifting air cylinder, the material taking air cylinder, the clutch air cylinder and the material taking assembly are matched, so that the electronic tag grabbing device can be suitable for current mainstream electronic tag grabbing of single-row material belt type disc-shaped packaging and double-row or multi-row tray type packaging, the application scene is wider, and the grabbing accuracy is improved.

This invention relates to the technical fields of RFID equipment manufacturing and novel magnetic inks, providing a magnetic ink for RFID electronic tags and its preparation method. The magnetic ink comprises bisphenol A epoxy acrylate prepolymer, modified polyester resin, polyamide-imide resin, nano-scale soft magnetic ferrite powder, silver-coated flake copper powder, low-polymerization-degree polyurethane compatibilizer, γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltriethoxysilane coupling agent, photoinitiator, antioxidant, leveling agent, and reactive diluent monomer. The ferrite powder has a D50 of 0.1-0.3µm and its surface is treated with a phosphate ester-silane double coating. After UV curing, its magnetic permeability is 20-60, and its loss tangent is ≤0.05. This invention's ink possesses excellent magnetic properties, conductivity, and flexibility, effectively improving the tag's electromagnetic response, crack resistance, and printing accuracy. It is suitable for printing high-Q value narrow-linewidth antenna patterns.

This utility model relates to the field of medical diagnostic analysis technology, specifically an RFID-based reagent buffer device. It includes a test tube holder, an electronic tag fixed to one side of the test tube holder, multiple RFID readers mounted on the inner wall of a temporary storage rack, an anti-precipitation component mounted on a cooling module, and a control circuit board fixed to the inner bottom of the temporary storage rack. When the electronic tag on the reagent rack is facing the RFID reader, the RFID reader can decode the electronic tag signal. The anti-precipitation component drives the reagent tubes containing magnetic beads / microspheres to rotate. The cooling module, the extraction motor, the RFID reader, and the anti-precipitation component are all electrically connected to the control circuit board. This utility model can automatically identify the reagent rack, achieving a higher degree of automation, and can also drive the reagent tubes containing magnetic beads / microspheres to rotate, ensuring that the concentration at the bottom of the reagent tube is consistent with the concentration in the middle of the reagent tube, thus guaranteeing the accuracy of the detection results after extraction by the detector's extraction head.

The application belongs to the technical field of tray intelligent tracking, and particularly relates to an RFID intelligent tracking plastic tray, which comprises a tray body and an intelligent sensing electronic tag, one side of the tray body is provided with an embedding groove, and the intelligent sensing electronic tag is embedded in the embedding groove; the intelligent sensing electronic tag is integrated with an RFID chip, an antenna, at least one environmental sensor and a microprocessor; the microprocessor is used for collecting data of the environmental sensor, and the environmental data and ID information of the tag are sent to a terminal through the antenna; the environmental sensor comprises any one or a combination of multiple of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an acceleration sensor, a photosensitive sensor or a vibration sensor; the device solves the problem that the current tray cannot realize intelligent tracking, and the intelligent sensing electronic tag cannot be replaced conveniently and fixed sufficiently, so that the tag falls off during subsequent transportation of the tray.

A wireless identification needle includes an acupuncture needle and an electronic tag. The acupuncture needle includes a needle body, a needle tip provided at a front end of the needle body, and a needle handle provided at a rear end of the needle body. The electronic tag includes a substrate directly or indirectly connected with the needle handle, an antenna disposed with the substrate, and a radio frequency identification (RFID) chip electrically connected with two ends of the antenna. As a result, the wireless identification needle has a table structure, a reduced metal interference, and a long-distance identification capability.

A doll includes a body part having a plurality of articulated legs 5 attached thereto, where the body part includes a bell-shaped torso 1 having an interior space and a lower rim 3 forming an opening to the interior space. The electronic tag 11 is arranged in the interior space of the bell-shaped torso 1, and the articulated leg 5 is attached to the hip member 5, which is attached to the bell-shaped torso 1 via a snap lock and is shaped such that it abuts against the lower rim 3 and covers the opening.

The utility model provides an anti-fake waterproof electronic tag which comprises a first waterproof film layer, an antenna layer, a base material layer and a second waterproof film layer which are stacked in sequence. The antenna layer is provided with a chip; the top of the second waterproof film layer is provided with a gap bridge layer, and the antenna layer is connected with the gap bridge layer through a gap bridge conduction point to form a loop. The base material layer is provided with a plurality of anti-counterfeiting additives, the anti-counterfeiting additives are one or more of a polygon, a rectangle and a circular ring, and the first waterproof film coating layer is provided with a code spraying area. The protection performance of the electronic tag is ensured by arranging the double waterproof film layers; according to the anti-counterfeiting electronic tag, a plurality of different anti-counterfeiting additives are randomly added by adding a plurality of anti-counterfeiting additives, so that the copying possibility is reduced, and the anti-counterfeiting performance of the electronic tag is ensured.

The application discloses a kind of flaw identification method and system in template machine sewing process, belong to garment manufacturing production technical field.The core to be solved technical problem is that when existing template machine high-speed nonlinear sewing, quality detection and production rhythm are difficult to take into account, and detection data cannot support the closed-loop management needs of downstream automated sorting.With spindle encoder signal as space-time reference, needle plate area dynamic image stream and spindle mechanical data stream are synchronously collected, and are mapped to unified sewing trajectory coordinate system;sewing quality state is determined by multi-modal feature fusion;when abnormal, the vector deviation coordinates of defect points relative to U-shaped template are calculated, and the pose compensation is performed by follow-up marking module, to complete accurate physical marking under non-stop state;at the same time, the vector deviation coordinates are written into the RFID electronic tag of U-shaped template, for downstream six-axis robot to directly read and realize "zero search" automatic sorting and repair, to realize production whole-process digital closed-loop control.

The invention provides an electronic tag auxiliary sorting method and system based on a decentralized search algorithm, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a double-segment two-layer coding representation scheduling scheme, and randomly generating an initial population based on a preset constraint condition; calculating the maximum completion time of each individual in the initial population in combination with simulation based on a hardware structure of the sorting system, and taking the reciprocal of the maximum completion time as a fitness value; sorting according to fitness values, and screening out high-quality and diversified individuals to form a reference set; combining a high-quality solution and a diversity solution in the reference set as a parent to perform interlace operation to generate a filial generation individual, and updating a population and reconstructing the reference set according to the filial generation individual; and after multiple rounds of iteration, taking the individual with the highest fitness value as a global optimal solution, and decoding the global optimal solution into a control instruction to execute sorting. Through the global collaborative optimization framework, the problems of turnover box sorting and sorting order distribution separation are solved, sorting order dynamic balanced distribution is achieved, uneven load of a sorting table is avoided, and the dynamic adaptability and overall efficiency of the system are remarkably improved.

This utility model discloses an intelligent storage box for turnout hand cranks, including an intelligent storage box body and a door hinged to one side of the intelligent storage box body. An electrical partition is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the intelligent storage box body, and a processing terminal is installed at the upper end of the electrical partition. Multiple sets of turnout hand cranks are installed on the mounting frame assembly, and each set of turnout hand cranks is equipped with an electronic tag. A communication module is used to establish a connection between the intelligent storage box and an external network, transmitting data such as the time the turnout hand cranks are taken, their storage status, and the time the electronic lock is unlocked to the station management cloud platform in real time. The station management cloud platform, as a cloud management platform, stores various information and operation records of the turnout hand cranks, providing an operation interface for relevant personnel such as the electrical section and the station dispatching department. It supports functions such as online application, authorization approval, status query, and historical record tracing, realizing remote intelligent management of the hand cranks.

The application discloses a kind of identification method, identification system and host computer of vehicle-mounted electronic tag.The method comprises: obtaining the position of vehicle, obtaining the position of vehicle-mounted electronic tag, according to the position of vehicle and the position of vehicle-mounted electronic tag, the quantity of vehicle-mounted electronic tag on the vehicle is identified.The application scheme can quickly identify the quantity of vehicle-mounted electronic tag installed on the vehicle when the vehicle is running at high speed, effectively regulate the behavior of car owner, prevent car owner from escaping toll by installing multiple vehicle-mounted electronic tags on the vehicle.