58results about "Mutiple dynode arrangements" patented technology

The invention discloses an axial asymmetric micro-channel plate structure based on an amorphous silicon material and a preparation method of the axial asymmetric micro-channel plate structure. The axial asymmetric micro-channel plate structure comprises a plurality of micro-channels arranged in a penetrating mode in the thickness direction of a device; each micro-channel is provided with an inlet section and an outlet section along the axial direction of the micro-channel plate; the channel geometric parameters of the micro-channels are different on the inlet section and the outlet section; or the equivalent electric fields of the micro-channels are distributed on the inlet section and the outlet section in a different manner; the inlet section of each micro-channel is used for regulating and controlling the initial incidence condition of electrons and the first effective interaction between the inlet section and the inner wall of the channel; collaborative design is carried out on geometrical morphology, electrical characteristics and material characteristics of the microchannels in the axial direction according to different physical stages of the electronic multiplication process corresponding to the structural level of the microchannels. According to the structure, higher controllability and consistency are obtained in the multiplication and transmission process of electrons in the channel on the structural level, and the structural rationality and design flexibility of the micro-channel plate serving as an electron multiplier are improved.

The invention discloses a silicon-based micro-channel plate (MCP) structure and a manufacturing method thereof, relates to the technical field of semiconductor device manufacturing, and aims to solve the problems of poor high temperature resistance, insufficient etching precision, film layer quality defect and process synergy deficiency of a traditional glass-based / organic-based MCP. An 8-inch N-type monocrystalline silicon wafer is adopted in the structure, the thickness of the N-type monocrystalline silicon wafer is (250-350) + / -25 microns, micropores of 3-10 microns are evenly distributed, the hole pitch is 7-22 microns, the inclination angle is 6-12 degrees, the side wall roughness is smaller than or equal to 50 nm, the perpendicularity deviation is smaller than or equal to + / -0.5 degrees, an AlO or AlO / HfO / AlO electron multiplication layer with the thickness of 10-30 nm is prepared on the inner wall of a channel through ALD, and a Cr / Ni electrode with the thickness of 50-80 nm is plated on the surface. According to the method, the OES is used for monitoring SiFs in real time. According to the invention, the double targets of < = 30% of 1kg impact fracture rate and stable electron multiplication gain are achieved, the tolerable temperature reaches 800 DEG C, the secondary electron emission efficiency is improved by 25%, the production efficiency is improved by 20%, the cost is reduced by 15%, and the method is suitable for the high-sensitivity detection fields of night vision imaging, particle detection and the like.

This electron tube is provided with an electron emission unit including a metasurface from which electrons are emitted in response to entering of an electromagnetic wave having a predetermined electric field vibration direction, an electron multiplication unit that multiplies the electrons emitted from the electron emission unit, and a mesh electrode disposed between the electron emission unit and the electron multiplication unit. The mesh electrode includes a plurality of thin wires defining a plurality of openings arranged in a first direction parallel to the electric field vibration direction. When viewed in a traveling direction of the electromagnetic wave, each of the plurality of openings has an elongated shape of which the longitudinal direction corresponds to a second direction intersecting the first direction at an angle greater than or equal to 45 degrees.

The invention relates to a micro-channel plate manufacturing method based on a mold pouring method and a micro-channel plate. The method comprises the steps that a silicon microchannel array substrate is placed on a metal mold material, and holes of the silicon microchannel array substrate face downwards; based on a crucible and a vacuum hot melting filling device, liquefying a metal mold material and filling the metal mold material into the silicon micro-channel array substrate; cooling to realize metal curing to obtain a metal mold precursor, and corroding silicon to obtain a metal mold; putting the high borosilicate glass material and the metal mold into a crucible, and filling the high borosilicate glass material into the metal mold based on a vacuum hot melting filling device; cooling to obtain a glass-metal complex, and corroding a metal material to obtain a micro-channel plate substrate; carrying out hydroxylation treatment; and preparing a dynode on the micro-channel plate substrate, and performing annealing treatment to obtain the micro-channel plate. The microchannel plate with a high softening point and high purity can be manufactured, the yield is high, noise is low, exhaust in the channel is sufficient, and the service life of the image tube is prolonged.

A photomultiplier includes a housing including a proximal end and a distal end, an optical window disposed at the proximal end of the housing, an end-wall plate disposed at the distal end of the housing, a feedthrough that penetrates through the end-wall plate, and a gas electron multiplier (GEM) board disposed between the optical window and the end-wall plate.

The application discloses a kind of compact structure, high time resolution microchannel plate assembly, it can be applied to analytical instrument such as mass spectrometry detection field.The microchannel plate assembly includes: output electrode column, fixed screw, insulating substrate, anode cover plate, anode plate, output electrode plate, microchannel plate, metal shielding base, positioning sleeve, wherein, output electrode plate and output electrode column are connected to each other and constitute the output electrode of microchannel plate;Anode plate is connected to each other by plane anode pattern and conical receiving terminal and constitutes;Microchannel plate input surface is plated with high secondary electron emission film, to realize the high detection efficiency of microchannel plate assembly.Insulating substrate, anode cover plate, anode plate, output electrode plate, microchannel plate and metal shielding base are fixed by fixed screw and become integrated form, with compact structure, high time resolution characteristics.

A method for controlling an ion detector is provided. The method includes converting a received ion into emitted electrons, multiplying the emitted electrons, detecting the multiplied electrons, generating a detection signal in response, and determining the ion intensity from the detection signal.

This application relates to the technical field of low-light imaging and photoelectric detection, and discloses an image intensifier with a microchannel plate having dual-layer output electrodes. The intensifier includes a photocathode, a microchannel plate, and a fluorescent screen arranged sequentially along the directions of photon, photoelectron, and secondary electron propagation. The output end of the microchannel plate has a dual-layer output electrode structure, including a first output electrode layer, a high secondary electron multiplication layer, and a second output electrode layer stacked sequentially from the inside to the outside of the channel. This structure collimates and focuses the output electrons, thereby improving spatial resolution. The high secondary electron multiplication layer of the microchannel plate is an insulating material with a high secondary electron emission coefficient, which can compensate for the gain loss caused by the immersion of the first and second output electrode layers into the channel, improving the spatial resolution of the image intensifier while effectively maintaining its gain performance.

The invention relates to the technical field of electron emission, and discloses a large-current pulse micro-channel plate electron emission source and an X-ray generation device. According to the electron emission source, an electron emission function layer at the head end of an MCP assembly is excited by adopting a rapidly regulated and controlled UV LED light source, and ultrafast time sequence modulation of electron beams is realized through an avalanche multiplication process of the electron beams in the MCP. By adopting a specific high-lead, low-alkali or alkali-free glass component or ceramic substrate composite functional film layer structure, the MCP assembly has long service life stability of low resistance, high current output and high power density operation. Independent bias voltage and gating voltage synchronous with electronic pulse are applied to the MCP assembly through the driving control unit, accurate thermal management is carried out in combination with a pulse-charging circulation mode, and the problems of charge compensation and thermal limitation under large current output are effectively solved. The electron emission source breaks through the bottleneck, supports peak current density exceeding 100 mA / cm under submicrosecond pulse, and realizes hundred microampere level steady-state current output under millisecond level long pulse.

This invention discloses a microchannel plate glass and its preparation method, relating to the field of special glass materials technology. The microchannel plate glass includes a skin glass and a core glass. The skin glass includes P2O5, V2O5, BaO, La2O3, Li2O+Na2O+K2O, ZrO, Al2O3 and Al(OH)3, PbO, and Fe2O3. The core glass includes P2O5, ZnO, Al2O3 and Al(OH)3, SiO2, CaO+MgO, and BaO. This invention overcomes the shortcomings of traditional lead-containing silicate glass as a substrate material for MCP microporous arrays. Furthermore, the microchannel plate made of semiconductor glass does not require hydrogenation heat treatment and does not exhibit this "cation feedback" phenomenon. Compared to microchannel plates made of ordinary glass, the bulk conductivity microchannel plate can maintain stable performance over a long period. By screening specific material components and optimizing the ratio of each component, the skin glass and core glass can simultaneously possess a stable network framework and a high softening temperature, while achieving a precise match between their coefficients of thermal expansion and high-temperature viscosity coefficients.

The application relates to the technical field of micro-light imaging, and discloses an image intensifier with a micro-channel plate, which comprises, from top to bottom, a photocathode, a micro-channel plate and a fluorescent screen. The micro-channel plate comprises a lead silicate glass substrate with hundreds of thousands of electron multiplication channels, an input electrode located at the incident end of the channels, an output electrode located at the outgoing end of the channels and a channel inner wall forming the inner surface of the channels. The surface layer of the input electrode and the channel inner wall is a material layer, and the surface layer of the output electrode is a NiCr material layer. The input electrode and the channel inner wall adopt a material layer with a high secondary electron emission coefficient to ensure high gain; the output electrode adopts a NiCr material layer with a low secondary electron emission coefficient to absorb large-angle electrons and collimate the output electron beam, thereby improving the spatial resolution, effectively solving the mutual restriction relationship between the spatial resolution and the gain in the existing micro-channel plate and realizing high-brightness and high-definition imaging.

This charged particle detector comprises: a channel-type first multiplication unit having a channel unit that emits electrons in response to incidence of charged particles, multiplies the emitted electrons, and emits the multiplied electrons; a discrete-type second multiplication unit that is disposed to face the first multiplication unit in a prescribed direction, and multiplies the electrons emitted from the channel unit of the first multiplication unit; and an anode that collects the multiplied electrons. The second multiplication unit includes a reduction unit formed such that, on at least one cross section along the prescribed direction, the width decreases toward the first multiplication unit in a direction orthogonal to the prescribed direction. The reduction unit has a pair of surfaces formed to approach each other closer toward the first multiplication unit on the cross section. The second multiplication unit multiplies the electrons that are emitted from the channel unit of the first multiplication unit and are incident on the pair of surfaces.

The invention provides a microchannel plate for cathode electron self-focusing in a photocathode X-ray tube and a use method. A micro-channel plate is applied to the technical field of high-performance X-ray tubes, a substrate is a physical substrate of the micro-channel plate and is of a Fresnel lens structure, and the substrate is provided with a plane incident plane and a distorted surface output plane formed by concentric annular belts; a gradient aperture array is distributed on the substrate, and the gradient aperture array is arranged on the plane of the substrate; the radial gradient material is a surface functional coating of the inner wall of the micro-channel; the variable aperture channel is an inner wall surface three-dimensional contour of each independent micro-channel forming the gradient aperture array, and each independent micro-channel in the gradient aperture array is defined. Different secondary electron emission materials are coated on the surface of the inner wall of each micro-channel defined by the gradient aperture array in a partitioned manner along the radial direction. In this way, the problems that in the prior art, an X-ray tube is loose in structure and poor in performance can be solved.

An elementary particle detector including dynodes capable of converting an elementary particle into an electron avalanche, conductive grids capable of being crossed by accelerated electrons, and each being defined by a unique electrical potential, each unique electrical potential being chosen so that the unique electrical potential of the conductive grid is strictly lower than the unique electrical potential applied to the conductive grid which follows it along the detection direction, at least one signal sensor capable of measuring an electrical signal produced by the accelerated electrons when they cross the conductive grids, and a control unit configured to determine, from the electrical signal, a conversion dynode at which the conversion of the elementary particle has taken place. The invention also relates to a method for detecting elementary particles.

The application belongs to the technical field of glass and specifically relates to a glass material with high corrosion resistance and stability, the cation composition of which is as follows in terms of mole percentage: 61-70% of Si 4+ , 3-12.5% of B 3+ , 1-5.5% of Al 3+ , 5-13% of K + , 5-13% of Na + , 0.2-3% of Ca 2+ , 0.1-2% of Li + , 0.1-1% of Mg 2+ , and 0.1-1% of Ti 4+ . The application is designed in a multi-component and multi-functional synergistic manner, so that the prepared glass meets the harsh requirements on thermal, optical, chemical and processing properties, is suitable for high-end optical devices such as micro-channel plates, and has a wide application prospect in the fields of photoelectric detection and imaging, mass spectrometers, high-energy physics, streak cameras, high-end medical imaging and the like.

The CEM and ion detector of the present embodiment has a configuration for achieving ion detection with higher sensitivity than the prior art. The channel-type electron multiplier has at least a channel body, an input-side conductive layer, an output-side conductive layer, and an electrode. The channel body contains a channel having a tapered opening portion provided on the input side, and a resistance layer and an electron emission layer formed on the inner wall surface of the channel. The input-side conductive layer is provided on the input end surface of the channel body and a part thereof extends within the tapered opening portion. The output-side conductive layer is provided on the output end surface of the tapered opening portion. The electrode has one or more openings through which charged particles pass, and is disposed on the opposite side of the output end surface with respect to the input end surface. The electrode and the input-side conductive layer are set to the same potential by excluding the influence of an external electric field within the tapered opening portion.

The application provides a method for improving the gain of a microchannel plate by using a vacuum baking process, which uses a skin glass tube and a core glass rod as a basis, and is processed by two times of wire drawing, screen arrangement, hot melting and pressing, slicing, rough grinding, polishing, etching, hydrogen reduction and film plating to obtain a microchannel plate wafer, and the film layer of the microchannel plate wafer is completed. After that, the microchannel plate wafer is placed in a vacuum environment, and high-temperature baking is performed at a preset baking temperature to obtain a microchannel plate with high gain. The application places the microchannel plate wafer in a vacuum environment after the microchannel plate wafer is prepared, and then performs high-temperature baking at a preset baking temperature. By high-temperature and high-vacuum baking, various gaseous reactants and products that may be adsorbed in the film plating process are removed, and a microchannel plate with high gain is obtained. The gain of the obtained microchannel plate is controlled through the process of vacuum baking, including the control of baking temperature and baking time, and the gain of the microchannel plate can be at least 10 4 times the above gain.

The invention relates to the technical field of image intensifiers, and particularly discloses an audio noise suppression device and method for an automatic gating type image intensifier, and the device comprises a voltage stabilization power supply circuit module, a microprocessor, a low-voltage pulse circuit module, a gating gate circuit module, and a cathode output circuit module. The input end of the voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit module is connected with a 2-4VDC power supply, and the output end of the voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit module outputs 3.3 VDC power supply voltage and is connected with a power supply input pin and a grounding pin of the microprocessor; a PWM output pin of the microprocessor is connected with an input signal end of the low-voltage pulse circuit module; the signal output end of the low-voltage pulse circuit module is connected with the control input end of the gating gate circuit module; the high-voltage power supply input end of the gating gate circuit module is connected with high-voltage alternating current, and the high-voltage pulse signal output end of the gating gate circuit module is connected with the input end of the cathode output circuit module; and the output end of the cathode output circuit module is connected with the photoelectric cathode of the image intensifier single tube.

The application discloses a kind of high detection rate infrared detector, including vacuum chamber, nano-tip combination, microchannel plate, aluminized screen, fiber optic light cone and photosensitive element assembly, the nano-tip combination, microchannel plate and aluminized screen in vacuum environment, infrared incident window, nano-tip combination, microchannel plate, aluminized screen and visible light output window are sequentially arranged along optical path;Nano-tip combination includes silicon substrate and nano-tip array, and the nano-tip array includes nano-tip structure, and the material of silicon substrate and nano-tip structure is silicon wafer;The tip of each nano-tip structure is directed to microchannel plate;Fiber optic light cone is arranged between aluminized screen and photosensitive element assembly, one end of fiber optic light cone is connected with aluminized screen and the other end is connected with photosensitive element assembly.The application can output multiplied electron, and these accelerated electrons stimulate aluminized screen to generate strong visible light, so as to realize high sensitive detection and high detection rate of infrared band conversion.

A photodetector capable of accurately and easily positioning a sample at the focal position of a predetermined measuring light beam is provided. [Solution] The light detection device 1A includes an image intensifier I, a case 2 that supports the image intensifier I, and an attachment mechanism 9 that is configured to allow a holding structure 50 for holding the case 2 to be detachably attached. The attachment mechanism 9 is arranged so that, in an attached state where the holding structure 50 is attached to the attachment mechanism 9, the holding structure 50 indicates the target position at which light incident on the image intensifier I should be focused.

An electron tube 1 includes: a photoelectric surface 3 converting incident light into photoelectrons; a plurality of dynodes 11 and an anode 6; an insulating substrate 12 holding the dynodes 11 and the anode 6 in a state where the dynodes 11 and 11 are electrically insulated from each other, and the dynode 11 and the anode 6 are electrically insulated from each other; and a housing 2 accommodating the dynodes 11, the anode 6, and the insulating substrate 12, wherein the insulating substrate 12 includes: a base layer 21 made of a polycrystalline material and having an electrical insulation property; an intermediate layer 22 made of an amorphous material and having an electrical insulation property; and a surface layer 23 made of a material containing carbon and being smaller in electric resistance than the intermediate layer 22.

An electron tube includes: a photoelectric surface converting incident light into photoelectrons; a plurality of dynodes and an anode; an insulating substrate holding the dynodes and the anode in a state where the dynodes are electrically insulated from each other, and the dynode and the anode are electrically insulated from each other; and a housing accommodating the dynodes, the anode, and the insulating substrate, wherein the insulating substrate includes: a base layer made of a polycrystalline material and having an electrical insulation property; an intermediate layer made of an amorphous material and having an electrical insulation property; and a surface layer made of a material containing carbon and being smaller in electric resistance than the intermediate layer.

The invention discloses a high-helix multichannel electron multiplier and a preparation method thereof, which are suitable for weak signal detection systems in high-end analytical instruments such as an Auger electron spectrometer (AES), an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a mass spectrometer and the like so as to meet the urgent requirements of the high-end analytical instruments on detectors with high sensitivity, low noise and long service life.

To provide an electron tube that can appropriately make electromagnetic waves having a predetermined electric field oscillation direction incident on an electron emission section and can appropriately multiply electrons emitted from the electron emission section in response to the incidence of the electromagnetic waves having the predetermined electric field oscillation direction. [Solution] The electron tube (1) comprises an electron emitter (3) including a metasurface (32) that emits electrons in response to incidence of an electromagnetic wave (W) having a predetermined electric field oscillation direction (V), an electron multiplier (4) that multiplies the electrons emitted from the electron emitter (3), and a first mesh electrode (5) arranged between the electron emitter (3) and the electron multiplier (4). The first mesh electrode (5) includes a plurality of wires (52) that define a plurality of openings aligned in a first direction (D1) parallel to the electric field oscillation direction (V). When viewed from the propagation direction (T) of the electromagnetic wave (W), each of the plurality of openings has an elongated shape whose longitudinal direction is a second direction (D2) that intersects with the first direction (D1) at an angle of 45 degrees or more.

This application discloses an EBAPS device based on an axially asymmetric dual-segment amorphous silicon microchannel plate, comprising: an AVG, a photocathode, an EBCMOS pixel array, an axially asymmetric dual-segment amorphous silicon microchannel plate, and an EBCMOS sensor; the axially asymmetric dual-segment amorphous silicon microchannel plate is disposed between the photocathode and the EBCMOS pixel array; the axially asymmetric dual-segment amorphous silicon microchannel plate is bonded to the EBCMOS pixel array; and the axially asymmetric dual-segment amorphous silicon microchannel plate and the EBCMOS sensor are bonded together. This EBAPS device enables electrons to undergo electron multiplication in a directional manner before entering the silicon target, allowing the multiplied electrons to enter the EBCMOS sensor in a directional manner. Simultaneously, the number of multiplied electrons is greatly increased, and crosstalk between electrons and pixels is isolated, thus improving imaging quality.

The application relates to the technical field of micro-channel plates, in particular to a high-gain fast-response micro-channel plate and a preparation method thereof, which comprises a first micro-channel plate provided with a first side end face and a second side end face, wherein the first micro-channel plate is provided with a plurality of first hole structures penetrating through the first side end face and the second side end face; and a second micro-channel plate provided with a first side end face and a second side end face, wherein the second micro-channel plate is provided with a plurality of second hole structures penetrating through the first side end face and the second side end face. According to the application, two micro-channel plates with different hole diameters are pasted together to form a micro-channel plate, so that the input surface micro-channel passage diameter of the micro-channel plate is greater than the output surface micro-channel passage diameter; the characteristics of large holes to small holes and one hole to multiple holes can reduce the degradation degree of position resolution capability, and meanwhile, excellent time characteristics and high gain are still possessed.

This invention provides a microchannel plate for cathode electron self-focusing in photocathode X-ray tubes and its usage method. Applied to the field of high-performance X-ray tube technology, the substrate is the physical base of the microchannel plate, configured as a Fresnel lens. The substrate has a planar incident surface and a deformed output surface composed of concentric rings. A gradient aperture array is distributed on the substrate, arranged on the plane of the substrate. A radial gradient material is a surface functional coating on the inner wall of the microchannel. Variable aperture channels are the three-dimensional contours of the inner wall surface of each independent microchannel constituting the gradient aperture array, defining each independent microchannel in the gradient aperture array. Different secondary electron emission materials are coated radially on the inner wall surface of each microchannel defined by the gradient aperture array. This method solves the problems of loose structure and poor performance in existing X-ray tubes.

This electron tube comprises: an electron emission unit including a metasurface that emits electrons in response to incidence of electromagnetic waves; an electron multiplication unit that multiplies the electrons emitted from the electron emission unit; and a mesh electrode disposed between the electron emission unit and the electron multiplication unit. The potential of the mesh electrode is set to a negative value when the potential of the metasurface is used as a reference.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a bulk conductive micro-channel plate based on hydrogen reduction special lead silicate glass, which comprises the following steps: forming a micro-channel array formed by initial micro-channels on a special lead silicate glass substrate to obtain a substrate of the micro-channel plate; carrying out heavy ion bombardment treatment on the substrate so as to form densely distributed secondary microchannels in the substrate; hydrogen reduction treatment is conducted on the substrate subjected to heavy ion bombardment treatment, hydrogen diffuses and permeates into the substrate along the initial micro-channel and the secondary micro-channel, hydrogen reduction reaction is conducted in all areas of the substrate, and therefore overall uniform electric conduction of the inner wall of the initial micro-channel is achieved; and plating an electrode on the substrate after hydrogen reduction to obtain the bulk conductive micro-channel plate. According to the invention, the heavy ions are adopted to process the substrate, the uniform conductive state of the micro-channel wall is realized, the bulk conductive micro-channel plate is formed, and the method has the remarkable advantages of shorter dead time and reduction of ion feedback noise.

This charged particle detector comprises: a microchannel plate having an input surface through which charged particles enter, a multiplication unit that performs electron multiplication on the basis of input of the charged particles while maintaining positional information of the charged particles with respect to the input surface, and an output surface through which electrons multiplied by the multiplication unit are outputted; a resistive anode that, when electrons outputted through the output surface enters therein, outputs a charge signal corresponding to the entering position of the electrons; and an anode that is disposed in a spatial region between the output surface and the resistive anode, has an electron passage unit through which the electrons outputted through the output surface are allowed to pass, and is for collecting the electrons outputted from the resistive anode.