15results about "Multiplier cathode arrangements" patented technology

This electron tube is provided with an electron emission unit including a metasurface from which electrons are emitted in response to entering of an electromagnetic wave having a predetermined electric field vibration direction, an electron multiplication unit that multiplies the electrons emitted from the electron emission unit, and a mesh electrode disposed between the electron emission unit and the electron multiplication unit. The mesh electrode includes a plurality of thin wires defining a plurality of openings arranged in a first direction parallel to the electric field vibration direction. When viewed in a traveling direction of the electromagnetic wave, each of the plurality of openings has an elongated shape of which the longitudinal direction corresponds to a second direction intersecting the first direction at an angle greater than or equal to 45 degrees.

A photomultiplier includes a housing including a proximal end and a distal end, an optical window disposed at the proximal end of the housing, an end-wall plate disposed at the distal end of the housing, a feedthrough that penetrates through the end-wall plate, and a gas electron multiplier (GEM) board disposed between the optical window and the end-wall plate.

In a photoelectric conversion device, the meta-surface includes a first antenna portion, a first bias portion, a second antenna portion, and a second bias portion. The first antenna portion extends in a first direction and emits an electron in response to incidence of the electromagnetic wave. The first bias portion faces the first antenna portion and is configured to generate an electric field having a component in the first direction between the first bias portion and the first antenna portion. The second antenna portion extends in a second direction intersecting the first direction and emits an electron in response to incidence of the electromagnetic wave. The second bias portion faces the second antenna portion and is configured to generate an electric field having a component in the second direction between the second bias portion and the second antenna portion.

The photoelectric conversion device includes an electron emitting member. The electron emitting member has a metasurface that emits electrons in response to the incidence of electromagnetic waves. The metasurface includes a first antenna portion, a first bias portion, a second antenna portion, and a second bias portion. The first antenna portion extends in a first direction and emits electrons in response to the incidence of electromagnetic waves. The first bias portion faces the first antenna portion and is configured to generate an electric field having a component in the first direction between the first antenna portion and the first antenna portion. The second antenna portion extends in a second direction intersecting the first direction and emits electrons in response to the incidence of electromagnetic waves. The second bias portion faces the second antenna portion and is configured to generate an electric field having a component in the second direction between the second antenna portion and the second antenna portion.

To provide an electron tube that can appropriately make electromagnetic waves having a predetermined electric field oscillation direction incident on an electron emission section and can appropriately multiply electrons emitted from the electron emission section in response to the incidence of the electromagnetic waves having the predetermined electric field oscillation direction. [Solution] The electron tube (1) comprises an electron emitter (3) including a metasurface (32) that emits electrons in response to incidence of an electromagnetic wave (W) having a predetermined electric field oscillation direction (V), an electron multiplier (4) that multiplies the electrons emitted from the electron emitter (3), and a first mesh electrode (5) arranged between the electron emitter (3) and the electron multiplier (4). The first mesh electrode (5) includes a plurality of wires (52) that define a plurality of openings aligned in a first direction (D1) parallel to the electric field oscillation direction (V). When viewed from the propagation direction (T) of the electromagnetic wave (W), each of the plurality of openings has an elongated shape whose longitudinal direction is a second direction (D2) that intersects with the first direction (D1) at an angle of 45 degrees or more.

The photoelectric conversion device includes an electron emitting member having a metasurface that emits electrons in response to incidence of electromagnetic waves. The metasurface includes a plurality of photoelectric conversion units having sensitivity to electromagnetic waves in different wavelength ranges. The plurality of photoelectric conversion units include patterns having different configurations.

To provide a photodetector capable of reducing the crosstalk between channels.SOLUTION: A photodetector 1 comprises: a tabular incident surface plate 2 on which a photoelectric surface 2s for emitting photoelectrons in accordance with incident light is formed; and a semiconductor element 10 for detecting the photoelectrons emitted from the photoelectric surface 2s, the semiconductor element being disposed to face the photoelectric surface 2s. The semiconductor element 10 has a first portion 11 having an electron incident surface 11s facing the photoelectric surface 2s, the electron incident surface including a plurality of channels ch that are arranged separated from each other. A distance b between the photoelectric surface 2s and the electron incident surface 11s, an interval Δch between the channels ch, and a voltage V applied between the photoelectric surface 2s and the electron incident surface 11s satisfy the formula (1): distance b [mm] / interval Δch [mm]<14.4×voltage V [kV]+60.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

This charged particle detector comprises: a microchannel plate having an input surface through which charged particles enter, a multiplication unit that performs electron multiplication on the basis of input of the charged particles while maintaining positional information of the charged particles with respect to the input surface, and an output surface through which electrons multiplied by the multiplication unit are outputted; a resistive anode that, when electrons outputted through the output surface enters therein, outputs a charge signal corresponding to the entering position of the electrons; and an anode that is disposed in a spatial region between the output surface and the resistive anode, has an electron passage unit through which the electrons outputted through the output surface are allowed to pass, and is for collecting the electrons outputted from the resistive anode.

The present application belongs to the field of optoelectronic devices. Provided is a cascade-enhanced optical input window for a photocathode. The cascade-enhanced optical input window for a photocathode comprises: a substrate layer (1), a cascaded structure, and a photoemissive layer (5), wherein the cascaded structure is located between the substrate layer (1) and the photoemissive layer (5); the cascaded structure is used for modulating incident light; the cascaded structure sequentially comprises a nano-pattern layer (2), a waveguide layer (3) and a plasmonic layer (4) in the direction of the incident light; and the incident light enters from one side of the substrate layer (1), and is deflected after being modulated by the nano-pattern layer (2), and then a waveguide is formed in the waveguide layer (3), such that the plasmonic layer (4) generates a localized plasmon resonance effect, thereby promoting light absorption of the photoemissive layer (5).

The invention discloses a photomultiplier and electronic equipment, and the photomultiplier comprises a first reflector which is used for receiving incident light outside the photomultiplier and reflecting the incident light; the first reflecting photocathode is used for receiving the reflected light of the first reflecting mirror and generating photoelectrons; and the multiplication system is used for multiplying the photoelectrons generated by the first reflection photocathode.

A photodetector is provided with: an incident panel on which a photoelectric surface that emits photoelectrons in response to incident light is formed; and a semiconductor element configured to face the photoelectric surface along a first direction for detecting the photoelectrons released from the photoelectric surface, the semiconductor element having a first portion having an electron incident surface, the electron incident surface being a surface opposite to the photoelectric surface, the electron incident surface being a surface opposite to the photoelectric surface, and the electron incident surface being a surface opposite to the photoelectric surface. Comprising a plurality of channels arranged at intervals along a second direction crossing the first direction, the incident panel has a flat plate shape, and when the distance between the photoelectric surface and the electron incident surface in the first direction is set as a distance b and the interval of the channels in the second direction is set as an interval [Delta] ch, the distance [Delta] ch is greater than the distance b. When a voltage applied between the photoelectric surface and the electron incident surface is set as a voltage V, formula (1) is satisfied.

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical instruments, and particularly relates to a lateral heat dissipation structure for refrigeration of an electric vacuum detector and the electric vacuum detector. The lateral heat dissipation structure for refrigeration of the electric vacuum detection device comprises a refrigeration module and a lateral heat dissipation module, and the refrigeration module is connected with a cathode of the electric vacuum detection device and used for conducting refrigeration and heat conduction on the cathode; and the lateral heat dissipation module is connected with the refrigeration module, is parallel to the axial direction of the cathode, is arranged at the lateral position of the electric vacuum detection device, and is used for laterally conducting and dissipating heat generated by the refrigeration module. The lateral heat dissipation structure for refrigeration of the electric vacuum detection device is a refrigeration structure which is compact in structure, efficient in heat conduction and adaptive to various electric vacuum detection devices, thermal noise and hot electron emission of a core component are remarkably restrained, and the overall performance of the device is improved.

A photodetector capable of accurately and easily positioning a sample at the focal position of a predetermined measuring light beam is provided. [Solution] The photodetector 100 includes a photodetector having an electron emitter 3 including a metasurface 32 that emits electrons in response to incidence of electromagnetic waves W, and an electron multiplier 4 that multiplies the electrons emitted from the electron emitter 3, and a voltage application unit 2 that applies a voltage to an application target that includes at least one of the metasurface 32 and the electron multiplier 4. The voltage application unit 2 applies a voltage to the application target so that the potential on the metasurface side of the electron multiplier 4 is equal to or lower than the potential of the metasurface 32, so as to allow first electrons field-emitted in response to incidence of electromagnetic waves W on the metasurface 32 to reach the electron multiplier 4, while preventing second electrons generated due to factors other than incidence of the electromagnetic waves W on the metasurface 32 from reaching the electron multiplier 4.

The present invention provides a photodetector that can accurately and easily position a sample at the focal point of a predetermined measurement light. [Solution] The photodetector 100 includes a photodetector having an electron emission unit 3 including a metasurface 32 that emits electrons in response to the incidence of electromagnetic waves W, and an electron multiplication unit 4 that multiplies the electrons emitted from the electron emission unit 3, and a voltage application unit 2 that applies a voltage to an object to be applied to, which includes at least one of the metasurface 32 and the electron multiplication unit 4. The voltage application unit 2 applies a voltage to the object to be applied to such that the potential on the metasurface side of the electron multiplication unit 4 is less than or equal to the potential of the metasurface 32, so as to allow first electrons, which are field-emitted in response to the incidence of electromagnetic waves W to the metasurface 32, to reach the electron multiplication unit 4, while preventing second electrons, which are generated due to factors other than the incidence of electromagnetic waves W to the metasurface 32, from reaching the electron multiplication unit 4.

This light detection device comprises: a light detection unit that is provided with an electron emission unit that includes a metasurface which emits electrons in response to the incidence of electromagnetic waves, and an electron multiplication unit that multiplies the electrons emitted from the electron emission unit; and a voltage application unit that applies a voltage to an application target including at least one among the metasurface and the electron multiplication unit. In order to allow first electrons, which are field-emitted in response to the incidence of electromagnetic waves on the metasurface, to reach the electron multiplication unit while preventing second electrons, which are generated due to a factor other than the incidence of electromagnetic waves on the metasurface, from reaching the electron multiplication unit, the voltage application unit applies a voltage to the application target such that the electric potential on the metasurface side of the electron multiplication unit is equal to or lower than the electric potential of the metasurface.