33results about "Solid cathode details" patented technology

The embodiment of the present invention discloses a gas discharge tube and an overvoltage protection device. The gas discharge tube includes: a tubular electrode; an insulating component, the tube mouth of the tubular electrode and the insulating component are sealed and connected by solder to form a discharge cavity, and the discharge cavity is filled with discharge gas; at least two inner electrodes are arranged at intervals, located in the discharge cavity, and the inner electrode and the tubular electrode are arranged at intervals; the surface of the inner electrode close to the inner surface of the tubular electrode adjacent to the tubular electrode is parallel and opposite to the part of the inner surface of the tubular electrode to form a first discharge gap; the opposite surfaces of two adjacent inner electrodes are parallel to form a second discharge gap, and the extension direction of the tubular electrode is parallel to the opposite surfaces of the two adjacent inner electrodes. The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can easily increase the flow rate by increasing the height of the gas discharge tube without re-opening the mold, and the size relationship of each discharge gap can be conveniently and freely adjusted.

The application belongs to the technical field of nano-plasmonic switch, and relates to a nano-plasmonic switch with a vertical electrode structure, which comprises, from bottom to top, a substrate layer, a first conductive layer, a dielectric layer and a second conductive layer; the dielectric layer is provided with a cavity vertically penetrating the dielectric layer along the stacking direction, the second conductive layer covers one end of the cavity away from the first conductive layer and is arranged in a spaced mode with the first conductive layer; an excitation voltage is applied to the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer to form a potential difference between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, so that the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are used as electrodes, and the cavity is used as an electrode gap to form the nano-plasmonic switch with the vertical electrode structure. The application can increase the effective field electron emission area, reduce the difficulty of switch conduction, and shorten the time required for the switch to change from the cutoff state to the fully on state, and the response speed is fast.

The invention belongs to the technical field of nano plasma switches, and relates to a nano plasma switch with a vertical electrode structure, which comprises a substrate layer, a first conductive layer, a dielectric layer and a second conductive layer which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, the dielectric layer is provided with a cavity vertically penetrating through the dielectric layer along the overlapping direction, the second conductive layer covers one end, far away from the first conductive layer, of the cavity, and the second conductive layer and the first conductive layer are arranged at an interval; and applying excitation voltage on the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer to form a potential difference between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer, thereby forming the nano plasma switch with a vertical electrode structure by taking the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer as electrodes and the cavity as an electrode gap. According to the invention, the field electron emission area can be effectively increased, the switch conduction difficulty is reduced, the time required for switching the switch from a cut-off state to a complete conduction state is short, and the response speed is high.

Non-evaporable getter (NEG) element and NEG pump comprising a substrate, wherein the substrate is an electrical insulator, and an NEG material layer on the substrate, wherein the NEG material layer is applied to the substrate by thermal spray coating.

In some embodiments, a gas discharge tube (GDT) can include first and second electrodes, each including an edge and an inwardly facing surface, where the inwardly facing surfaces of the first and second electrodes face each other. The GDT can further include a sealing portion mounted to join and seal portions of the edges of the inwardly facing surfaces of the first and second electrodes to define a sealed chamber between the inwardly facing surfaces of the first and second electrodes. The GDT can further include an electrical insulator mounted to form a surface within the sealed chamber and cover a portion of each inwardly facing surface of at least one of the first and second electrodes, whereby a leak path within the sealed chamber includes the surface of the electrical insulator.

The present invention discloses a cathode discharge tube, belonging to the field of optical and ionization devices. It includes a body part, a cathode discharge part and a connection part. Among them, the body part forms a closed hollow accommodation space, and a radioactive gas and / or a protective gas is filled in the accommodation space; the cathode discharge part is arranged in the accommodation space, one end of the connection part is exposed outside the body part and is suitable for being connected to the negative pole of a power supply; the other end is hermetically passed through the body part and is connected to the cathode discharge part. In the present invention, the cathode discharge part is always located under a protective atmosphere composed of a radioactive gas and / or a protective gas, without contacting with air or oxygen, ensuring that the cathode is not oxidized, prolonging the service life of the emission cathode product, and reducing the use cost of the product.

Aiming at the problem that the service life of a device is shortened due to electrode damage caused by ion bombardment, the invention provides a grid regulation and control type vertical structure micro-nano plasma triode which is of a vertical structure and comprises a substrate, a lower electrode, a grid, an upper electrode, a vertical insulating layer and a horizontal insulating layer. The lower electrodes are arranged above the substrate, the grid electrode is arranged above the lower electrodes, the horizontal insulating layers cover the upper layer and the lower layer of the grid electrode, the vertical insulating layers are distributed on the side edges of the grid electrode, the upper electrodes are arranged above the upper horizontal insulating layers, the edges of the upper electrodes are flush with the edges of the vertical insulating layers, and a vertical air channel is formed between the two upper electrodes. The grid electrode can effectively regulate and control ion and electron distribution in a channel, collision ionization is increased, micro-nano plasma formation is promoted, and the working voltage of the device is reduced. In addition, the grid electrode can regulate and control the electric field distribution in the vertical channel, change the ion motion trail, inhibit high-speed ions from directly bombarding the electrode, and prolong the service life of the device.

The application discloses a gas discharge tube, and belongs to the technical field of discharge tubes. The gas discharge tube comprises an electrode, a ceramic tube wall and electronic powder. The electrode comprises an outer electrode and an inner electrode. The inner electrode is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the outer electrode. The outer electrode is fixedly and sealingly connected with the ceramic tube. The inner electrode is in a groove shape. The groove opening of the inner electrode is arranged away from the outer electrode. The electronic powder is adhered to the bottom wall of the groove of the inner electrode. The inner electrode with the groove and the electrode powder adhered to the grid can effectively reduce the spatter probability of the electrode powder. Meanwhile, the inner electrode with high temperature resistance can avoid the formation of metal droplets. The groove of the inner electrode can avoid the accumulation of the electrode liquid and the electrode powder to form a conductive belt, and can avoid the discharge tube from being in a short circuit state for a long time. The discharge tube of the application will not fail in short circuit, and the service life of the discharge tube is effectively prolonged.

The present invention provides a composite ceramic gas discharge tube and a method for manufacturing the same. The composite ceramic gas discharge tube comprises a plurality of electrodes arranged along a straight line, a hollow porcelain tube disposed between two adjacent electrodes, and at least one hollow composite ceramic tube. The hollow porcelain tube is coaxially arranged with the composite ceramic tube. The hollow porcelain tube or the composite ceramic tube, together with the two electrodes at its ends, forms a sealed space for storing an inert gas. The composite ceramic tube has a capacitance for absorbing pulse impulse voltage. The composite ceramic gas discharge tube of the present invention addresses the prior art problem of a lack of a gas discharge tube with low production cost, simple production process, and fast response speed.

The invention discloses a coaxial gas discharge tube, and particularly relates to the field of gas discharge tubes, the coaxial gas discharge tube comprises an outer conductive electrode, an inner conductive electrode, an upper insulating sheet and a lower insulating sheet, the outer conductive electrode and the inner conductive electrode are both cylindrical, the inner conductive electrode is located inside the outer conductive electrode, the outer conductive electrode and the inner conductive electrode are coaxially arranged, and the upper insulating sheet and the lower insulating sheet are fixed to the two ends of the outer conductive electrode and the two ends of the inner conductive electrode respectively, so that the outer conductive electrode, the inner conductive electrode, the upper insulating sheet and the lower insulating sheet form a closed space. According to the coaxial gas discharge tube, the structure of the inner and outer coaxial conductive electrodes is adopted, so that a larger discharge electrode end face can be obtained under the same volume; meanwhile, the size adjustment of the internal closed space and the size adjustment of the discharge electrode are more flexible, the adjustment of the action voltage is facilitated, and higher surge current conduction capability can be obtained under the condition of small size.

Apparatus and methods for nanoplasma switches are disclosed. In certain embodiments, a nanoplasma switching system includes a nanoplasma radio frequency (RF) switch that receives an RF signal, and a nanoplasma DC switch that receives a DC bias voltage. The nanoplasma DC switch is positioned adjacent to but spaced apart from the nanoplasma RF switch. The nanoplasma DC switch induces a nanoplasma through the nanoplasma RF switch when the DC bias voltage is set to a first voltage level. By implementing the nanoplasma switching system in this manner, DC bias to turn on or off the nanoplasma RF switch can be realized without needing to use passive components such as DC blocking capacitors, choke inductors, or baluns for isolation.

High fidelity plasma switch for cut-off of high voltage and / or high current power to enable the operation of high frequency high fidelity high current and substantially high voltage pulse supply of electrical power using a source of high voltage and high current; a plasma discharge device; an outlet sensor; and a control switch, wherein the plasma discharge device comprises: a vacuum chamber; a means of producing a high vacuum in said vacuum chamber; a means of introducing a gas into said vacuum chamber; inlet and outlet electrodes within said vacuum chamber posed to create a 'spark gap'; and an at least one electromagnet configured to produce a magnetic field in the vacuum chamber that cuts off plasma discharge between the electrodes.

The utility model provides a ceramic gas discharge tube with a grid structure electrode. The discharge tube comprises a first side electrode, a ceramic tube, a metal grid and a second side electrode, pits are formed in the middles of the first side electrode and the second side electrode, the peripheries of the metal grids are welded to the pits, and the metal grids and the first side electrode and the second side electrode on the corresponding sides form composite electrodes; and the peripheries of the first side electrode and the second side electrode are welded through a ceramic tube to form a closed discharge chamber. According to the electrode disclosed by the utility model, a layer of grid is additionally arranged on the upper layer of the pit, after the electrode is coated according to a conventional wet coating process, electronic powder is adhered in the grid and the pit, and when the electrode discharges, the grid can prevent part of the electronic powder in the pit from being sputtered outwards, so that the service life of a product is prolonged.

A circuit for igniting and sustaining an electron discharge includes an ignitor circuit. The ignitor circuit includes a high voltage transformer and a switch connected in series between a primary of the transformer and a DC source return. The switch is configured to receive a driving signal. A reset circuit is connected in parallel to the primary of the high voltage transformer. A first rectifier is connected in series between a secondary of the high voltage transformer and a keeper. A terminal of the secondary of transformer is connected to a cathode. The circuit for igniting and sustaining the electron discharge also includes a sustaining circuit having a current source with a return connected to a cathode and a second rectifier connected in series between the current source and the keeper.

This invention discloses a coaxial gas discharge tube, specifically relating to the field of gas discharge tubes. The coaxial gas discharge tube includes an outer conductive electrode, an inner conductive electrode, and upper and lower insulating sheets. Both the outer and inner conductive electrodes are cylindrical. The inner conductive electrode is located inside the outer conductive electrode and is coaxially arranged. The upper and lower insulating sheets are fixed to the two ends of the outer and inner conductive electrodes, respectively, forming a sealed space. The coaxial gas discharge tube of this invention, with its coaxial inner and outer conductive electrode structure, can achieve a larger discharge electrode surface area within the same volume. It also offers greater flexibility in adjusting the internal sealed space and the size of the discharge electrodes, facilitating the adjustment of the operating voltage, and achieving higher surge current conduction capability within a smaller volume.

To provide an ion source and an accelerator, as well as a method for generating ions and accelerating those ions in the ion source.SOLUTION: A nuclear reaction generation device includes a chamber configured to contain gas and include a target. The nuclear reaction generation device also includes a filament provided within the chamber and a voltage source configured to apply a first positive voltage to the filament relative to the chamber. The first positive voltage is configured to heat the filament to a temperature that causes thermionic emission and generates multiple thermions. The multiple thermions are configured to ionize the gas and generate positive ions in the chamber. The target is configured such that nuclear reactions occur when the positive ions interact with the target.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

A gas discharge tube assembly (100) comprises: a multi-cell gas discharge tube (GDT) (102) including: a housing (106) defining a GDT chamber (108); a plurality of inner electrodes (E1-E21) located in the GDT chamber; a gas (M) contained in the GDT chamber (108); wherein the inner electrodes are serially disposed in the chamber in spaced apart relation to define a series of cells (C) and spark gaps (G); and characterized in that: the gas discharge tube assembly includes an integral primary GDT connected in series with the multi-cell GDT, wherein the primary GDT is operative to conduct current in response to an overvoltage condition across the gas discharge tube assembly and prior to conduction of current across the plurality of spark gaps of the multi-cell GDT.

A nuclear reaction generator includes a chamber configured to contain a gas and including a target. The nuclear reaction generator also includes a filament provided inside the chamber and a voltage source configured to apply a first positive voltage to the filament relative to the chamber. The first positive voltage is configured to heat the filament to a temperature at which thermionic emission occurs and a plurality of thermions are generated, and the plurality of thermions is configured to ionize the gas to generate positive ions in the chamber. The target is configured such that nuclear reactions occur when the positive ions interact with the target.

The invention discloses a gas discharge tube based on a silicon cavity wall structure. The gas discharge tube comprises a silicon cavity wall, a substrate, a first layer of insulating adhesive, a second layer of insulating adhesive, a copper electrode plate, an anode wire and a packaging shell. The silicon cavity wall is of a silicon ring structure with a vertical side wall, and the silicon ring structure is formed by micromachining and passivating a high-purity monocrystalline silicon material. The invention has the advantages of high discharge gap control precision, high response speed, high air tightness and the like, is compatible with a CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistor) process, is suitable for electrostatic discharge (ESD) and surge protection scenes of a high-density integrated circuit, remarkably reduces the packaging cost, and is suitable for large-scale production. The invention further provides a manufacturing method of the gas discharge tube.

The invention relates to a nanoplasma switch device, comprising: —multiple electrically isolated electrodes; —a gap separating the two electrodes; wherein the gap has a width which is dimensioned to effect the generation of a plasma by electric-field electron emission.

A nuclear reaction generator includes a chamber configured to contain a gas and to contain a target. The nuclear reaction generator also includes a filament disposed within the chamber and a voltage source configured to apply a first positive voltage to the filament relative to the chamber. The first positive voltage is configured to heat the filament to a temperature at which thermionic emission occurs and a plurality of thermions are generated, and the plurality of thermions are configured to ionize the gas to generate positive ions in the chamber. The target is configured such that a nuclear reaction occurs when the positive ions interact with the target.

A method for generating ions includes providing a filament in a chamber containing gas, applying a first positive voltage to the filament relative to the chamber to heat the filament to a temperature at which thermionic emission occurs and a plurality of thermions are generated, and ionizing the gas to generate positive ions in an ionization region of the chamber.

The utility model provides a glass gas discharge tube with high surge and low clamping voltage. The glass gas discharge tube comprises a glass tube, a first dumet wire, a second dumet wire, inert gas, an aluminum oxide ceramic rod and a carbon powder ring. The first dumet wire is connected to one end of the glass tube, and the second dumet wire is connected to the other end of the glass tube. A containing cavity is formed between the second dumet wire and the first dumet wire, and the inert gas is arranged in the containing cavity. The plurality of aluminum oxide ceramic rods are positioned in the accommodating cavity, one end of each aluminum oxide ceramic rod is connected with the first dumet wire, and the other end of each aluminum oxide ceramic rod is connected with the second dumet wire. The carbon powder ring is arranged in the aluminum oxide ceramic rod, a first distance is arranged between the carbon powder ring and the first dumet wire, and a second distance is arranged between the carbon powder ring and the second dumet wire. The length of the first interval ranges from 0.25 mm to 0.35 mm, and the length of the second interval ranges from 0.25 mm to 0.35 mm.

To provide a gas discharge tube (GDT) which is a device having a volume of gas confined between two electrodes and provides reliable and effective protection for various applications during electrical disturbances.SOLUTION: A gas discharge tube includes first and second electrodes each including an edge and an inward facing surface, such that the inward facing surfaces of the first and second electrodes face each other. The GDT further includes a sealing portion implemented to join and seal edge portions of the inward facing surfaces of the first and second electrodes to define a sealed chamber between the inward facing surfaces of the first and second electrodes. The GDT can further include an electrically insulating portion implemented to form a surface in the sealed chamber and to cover a portion of the inward facing surface of each of at least one of the first and second electrodes such that a leakage path within the sealed chamber includes the surface of the electrically insulating portion.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1A

To provide an ion source and an accelerator, as well as a method for generating ions and accelerating those ions in the ion source.SOLUTION: A nuclear reaction generation device includes a chamber configured to contain gas and include a target. The nuclear reaction generation device also includes a filament provided within the chamber and a voltage source configured to apply a first positive voltage to the filament relative to the chamber. The first positive voltage is configured to heat the filament to a temperature that causes thermionic emission and generates multiple thermions. The multiple thermions are configured to ionize the gas and generate positive ions in the chamber. The target is configured such that nuclear reactions occur when the positive ions interact with the target.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

A glow discharge tube includes a gas-sealed envelope, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The gas-sealed envelope defines an interior having an interior surface that defines a first interior portion having a first interior surface and a second interior portion having a second interior surface. The first electrode is located within the first interior portion, and the second electrode is located within and in contact with the second interior portion.

The present invention relates to a dynamic closed-loop arbitrary electron beam current generating device, comprising a high-speed proportional closed-loop regulating circuit, an oscillating circuit, an amplitude regulating circuit, a high-speed adjustable inverter circuit, a bias transformer, a peak absorption circuit and a bias rectifier filter circuit; the high-speed proportional closed-loop regulating circuit is used to receive a beam setting signal and a beam sampling signal and output a positive and negative equal closed-loop regulating signal to the amplitude regulating circuit, the input end of the amplitude regulating circuit is respectively connected to the oscillating circuit and the high-speed proportional closed-loop regulating circuit, the output end of the amplitude regulating circuit is connected to the high-speed adjustable inverter circuit; the output end of the high-speed adjustable inverter circuit is connected to the input end of the bias transformer, the output end of the bias transformer is connected to the input end of the peak absorption circuit, and the output end of the peak absorption circuit is connected to the bias rectifier filter circuit. The purpose of the dynamic closed-loop arbitrary electron beam current generating device is to solve the problem that conventional bias power supplies cannot meet the requirements of rapid and controllable adjustment of electron beam currents.

The utility model relates to the technical field of discharge tubes, in particular to a gas discharge tube, which comprises a discharge tube electrode, a metal sputtering layer is arranged on the side surface of an emitting surface of the discharge tube electrode facing a discharge space, and the metal melting point of the metal sputtering layer is higher than that of the discharge tube electrode. Due to the arrangement of the metal sputtering layer, the direct influence of high temperature in the discharge space on the discharge tube electrode can be isolated, and meanwhile, the metal melting point of the metal sputtering layer is higher than the metal melting point of the discharge tube electrode, so that the surge resistance of the product or the high-temperature resistance caused by follow current can be improved.

A nuclear reaction generator includes a chamber configured to contain a gas and a target material. The nuclear reaction generator also includes a filament disposed in the chamber and a voltage source configured to apply a first positive voltage to the filament relative to the chamber. The first positive voltage is configured to heat the filament to a temperature at which thermionic emission occurs and a plurality of thermions are generated, and the plurality of thermions are configured to ionize the gas to generate positive ions in the chamber. The target material is configured so that a nuclear reaction occurs when the positive ions interact with the target material.

A gas discharge tube assembly (100) comprises: a multi-cell gas discharge tube (GDT) (102) including: a housing (106) defining a GDT chamber (108); a plurality of inner electrodes (E1-E21) located in the GDT chamber; a gas (M) contained in the GDT chamber (108); wherein the inner electrodes are serially disposed in the chamber in spaced apart relation to define a series of cells (C) and spark gaps (G); and characterized in that: the gas discharge tube assembly includes an integral primary GDT connected in series with the multi-cell GDT, wherein the primary GDT is operative to conduct current in response to an overvoltage condition across the gas discharge tube assembly and prior to conduction of current across the plurality of spark gaps of the multi-cell GDT.