The invention provides a thin-walled component machining magneto-rheological flexible fixture device for clamping a thin-walled component. The flexible fixture device comprises a base assembling body,a magneto-rheological fluid container, a plurality of side box assembling bodies, a plurality of ball screw assembling bodies, and a control unit, wherein the base assembling body comprises a base, aspiral lifting support, a spiral lifter, a servo motor, a box body support, a linear guide rail and sliders, the magneto-rheological fluid container is used for containing magneto-rheological fluid and comprises a box body, an angle plate, a lifting plate and a guide rod, each side box assembling body comprises a side box connected with the corresponding slider through a side box supporting pieceat the bottom, an electromagnet placed in the side body, and a side box cover plate for sealing the side box, each ball screw assembling body comprises a bearing pedestal fixed to the base, a nut base connected with the bearing pedestal and connected with the bottom of the corresponding side body, a ball screw connected with the nut base, a motor base connected with the ball screw and fixed to the base, a coupler arranged in the motor base, and a motor fixed to the motor base and connected with the coupler, and the control unit is in communication connection with a computer.