The invention discloses a process for harmlessly enriching aluminum in
bauxite, decomposing and separating
silicon and extracting valuable elements by using
red mud and alkali liquor, and relates to the technical field of
bauxite. According to the technology,
bauxite is subjected to grading treatment, fine particles are subjected to mud washing and sieving and then are subjected to flotation separation with
red mud, alkali liquor and an
ammonium chloride saturated solution under microbubble, ultrasonic and
hydrogen ion cation membrane
electrodialysis, mixed
slurry obtained through flotation is subjected to
spray drying,
magnetic separation and
ammonium sulfate leaching, and
iron oxide,
titanium oxide and aluminum
oxide are obtained respectively; and after
grinding and reselecting the coarse particles, separating
silicon oxide,
iron oxide, aluminum oxide and
titanium oxide. According to the method, aluminum and
silicon valuable elements in the bauxite are harmlessly decomposed and separated through the
red mud and the alkali liquor, the
recovery rate is high, full-closed-loop circulation of resources such as acid, alkali and water can be achieved, no three wastes are discharged, the red mud is recycled, the process is mild and low in consumption, the method is suitable for industrial clean production, and many technical defects of a traditional process are overcome.