71 results about "Systemic absorption" patented technology

A method for administration of a substance into the dermis of a mammal is disclosed. The method involves administration into the dermis by injection which results in improved systemic absorption relative to that obtained upon subcutaneous administration of the substance. The substance administered may be a growth hormone, a low molecular weight heparin or a dopamine receptor agonist.

Bioadhesive macrosphere delivery systems (“BDDS”) having prolonged gastric retention time due to bioadhesion rather than physical density or size are described. In general, the macrospheres have diameters that are greater than 200 microns, more preferably greater than 500 microns. The bioadhesive macrospheres are released in the stomach where they reside in close proximity to the gastric mucosa for a prolonged period of time. Increased residence of BDDS in the upper GI can lead to increased systemic absorption of drug in the preferred site of systemic absorption, namely the upper GI tract (upper to mid-jejunum). The BDDS may be engineered either as a capsule with drug delivery controlled by a diffusion-limited membrane or degradable shell, or as a solid matrix system with drug delivery controlled by a combination of diffusion and polymer degradation kinetics.

A method for administration of a substance into the dermis of a mammal is disclosed. The method involves administration into the dermis by injection which results in improved systemic absorption relative to that obtained upon subcutaneous administration of the substance. The substance administered may be a growth hormone, a low molecular weight heparin or a dopamine receptor agonist.

The invention provides novel compositions of water-insoluble corticosteroid drug in combination with antimicrobial agents and very low concentrations of polymers and surfactants for topical, otic and ophthalmic treatment. The invention provides stable aqueous suspension where the ingredients remain in such a state so as to allow for immediate re-suspension, when desired, even after extended periods of settling. The invention provides also a method for treating inflammation with low systemic absorption and side-effects of the corticosteroid.

Methods of modifying the rate of systemic absorption of a drug administered to a subject by a pulmonary route, the method comprising covalently conjugating a hydrophilic polymer to a drug, wherein the drug has a half-life of elimination from the lung of less than about 180 minutes, to form a drug-polymer conjugate, wherein the drug-polymer conjugate has a net hydrophilic character and a weight average molecular weight of from about 50 to about 20,000 Daltons, and wherein the half-life of elimination from the lung of the drug-polymer conjugate is at least about 1.5-fold greater than the half-life of elimination from the lung of the drug, wherein the half-life of elimination from the lung is measured by bronchoalveolar lavage followed by assaying residual lung material.

A non-invasive method of treating cerebral ischemia, involving the use of non-inhaled, intra-nasally delivered carbon dioxide (CO2), alone or in combination with other gases to augment cerebral perfusion and improve outcome following a stroke is provided. A vasodilator gas is delivered intranasally, alone or in combination with a second gas, for prolonged periods of time without systemic absorption. The second gas may be selected from NO, hydrogen, xenon, anesthetic gases, oxygen, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, or air. The treatment selectively increases cerebral perfusion and provides neuroprotection in the treatment of cerebral ischemia.

The invention provides application of an eye medicine wrapped with an erythrocyte membrane in preparation of an eye preparation, and also provides the eye preparation. The preparation is in a form of biodegradable nano particles wrapped with the erythrocyte membrane. The preparation has the advantages that the shortcomings of the traditional eye drops that partial removal is quickly realized, the bioavailability is low, the eye drops are absorbed by the whole body, and the side effect is difficult to avoid, are overcome; the time of the medicine standing in eyes is obviously prolonged; the controlled-released administration of the medicine is realized. Therefore, the bioavailability of the medicine is improved, the side effect on the whole body is reduced, and a new hope is brought to clinical ophthalmology on treatment of intraocular diseases.

Insulin conjugated with structurally well defined, bifurcated and trifurcated polymers can be use by pulmonary delivery for systemic absorption through the lungs to reduce or eliminate the need for administering other insulins by injection.

The invention described herein relates to pharmaceutical compositions that are capable of delivering active pharmaceutical ingredients, such as estrogens, to the vagina and vagina-associated tissues and related methods of making and using such compositions (e.g., in the treatment of disease). Compositions of the invention are capable of being absorbed by the vagina or vagina-associated tissues such that subjects receiving treatment with the compositions may resume ambulatory activity immediately after receiving the treatment, the frequency or amount of discharge associated with the composition is low or negligible, there is little or no systemic absorption associated with the administration of the active pharmaceutical composition, or results in a combination of any or all thereof.

Stable aqueous formulations which are free of products derived from human or animal origin and which maintain high biological activity and high chemical and physical stability of alpha-type interferon, and proteins in general, for an extended period of time. Methods of producing stable aerosol formulations of the same for delivery to the lungs are also provided, as well as systems and methods of delivering the formulations to the lungs for systemic absorption.

Provided is a composition permitting high systemic absorption of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and high transfer of them to tissues and capable of fully exhibiting pharmacological effects which the fatty acids have. A fat composition containing one or more phospholipids having, as a constituent fatty acid, an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid selected from docosahexaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid; and α-linolenic acid and / or a fat containing α-linolenic acid.

This invention provides compositions of vitamins and minerals used in the prevention and treatment of vitamin and mineral deficiency. These compositions provide a minimization of the intake dosage of vitamins and minerals while still meeting the nutritional daily requirements for these vitamins and minerals. At the same time, these compositions are easier to manufacture, have an improved prolonged shelf-life, and are easy and convenient to use. These compositions comprise 3 to 5 dose formulations that are ingested separately. Each dose formulation contains vitamins and minerals that are compatible with each other regarding systemic absorption and storage shelf-life.

Pharmaceutical compositions comprising phenylephrine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and methods for administering the pharmaceutical compositions wherein the composition is formulated for systemic absorption of phenylephrine that avoids first pass metabolism. The compositions of the invention are formulated to be applied to oral mucosa of an animal to allow for enhanced systemic delivery of therapeutically active form of phenylephrine.

The invention relates to a method of treating a corticosteroid-responsive condition of the air passage ways and lungs by delivering a corticosteroid to the pulmonary system of a patient, comprising administering a particle mass comprising a corticosteroid from an inhaler characterized in that the corticosteroid is not substantially deposited in the mouth and throat and is not substantially systemically absorbed. The invention also relates to receptacles containing the particle mass and the inhaler for use therein.

Methods and devices for administration of substances into the intradermal layer of skin for systemic absorption.

Methods and devices for administration of substances into the intradermal layer of skin for systemic absorption.

Methods of administering a delayed release 6-mercaptopurine pharmaceutical composition to patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease which provide for release of the 6-mercaptopurine after passage of the pharmaceutical composition through the stomach are disclosed. The methods result in significant clinical improvement despite leading to very little systemic absorption of 6-mercaptopurine and also result in very few undesirable side effects.

Methods and devices for administration of substances into the intradermal layer of skin for systemic absorption.

Methods and devices for administration of substances into the intradermal layer of skin for systemic absorption.

The invention discloses a chloramphenicol eye ophthalmic gel and a preparation method thereof; every 1000ml of the chloramphenicol eye ophthalmic gel contains 5-50g of chloramphenicol, 0.05-1g of preservative, 1.0-7.5g of osmoregulation agent, 30-150g of gel stroma, and rest amount of acid-base buffering agent and water used for injection. Due to the optimization and technique improvement of the auxiliary materials, the medicine dosage forms of the chloramphenicol are enriched, detention time of the medicine in the eyes are greatly prolonged, and the medicine can exert the drug effect, thus not only improving healing efficacy, but also reducing the times and days for taking medicine, decreasing the part side effect of the medicine and the untoward effect caused by the whole body absorption, as well as having no pessimal stimulation response.

The invention provides azithromycin ultrafine powder in-situ gel eye drops and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, micronizing a medicament by using a proper method to remarkably improve the dissolution rate and solubility of the medicament; and secondly, preparing an ophthalmic preparation which is in a liquid state in vitro and is in a gel state when dripped into eyes by adopting sodium alginate as an ion-sensitive gel matrix or adopting poloxamer 407 and poloxamer 188 as thermosensitive gel matrixes. The eye drops are steady in storage at 4 DEG C and uniform in content, and are not required for secondary preparation so as to reduce contamination. In the method, azithromycin ultrafine powder and in-situ gel are combined for the treatment of bacterial keratitis and trachoma; and by the dual effects of the ultrafine powder and the gel, the sustained release effect is achieved when the retention time of the preparation in the eyes is prolonged, so that the local bioavailability of the medicament and the compliance of patients are improved, and the medicament absorption of the cornea is increased to reduce the toxic or side effect caused by the systemic absorption of ophthalmic medicaments.

Disclosed herein are pharmaceutically acceptable rapid dissolve vaginal tablet compositions comprising one or more active pharmaceutical ingredients suitable for therapy via topical action or systemic absorption, and methods of making and using such compositions.

Pharmaceutical compositions comprising phenylephrine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and methods for administering the pharmaceutical compositions wherein the composition is formulated for systemic absorption of phenylephrine that avoids first pass metabolism. The compositions of the invention are formulated to be applied to oral mucosa of an animal to allow for enhanced systemic delivery of therapeutically active form of phenylephrine.

Emerging evidence indicates that diminished activity of the vasoprotective axis of the renin-angiotensin system, constituting angiotensin converting enzyme2 (ACE2) and its enzymatic product, angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)] contribute to pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, clinical success for long-term delivery of ACE2 or Ang-(1-7) would require stability and ease of administration to increase patient compliance. Chloroplast expression of therapeutic proteins enables their bioencapsulation within plant cells to protect from acids and gastric enzymes; fusion to a transmucosal carrier facilitates effective systemic absorption. Oral feeding of rats with bioencapsulated ACE2 or Ang-(1-7) attenuated monocrotaline (MCT)-induced increase in right ventricular systolic pressure, decreased pulmonary vessel wall thickness and improved right heart function in both prevention and reversal protocols. Furthermore, combination of ACE2 and Ang-(1-7) augmented the beneficial effects against cardio-pulmonary pathophysiology induced by MCT administration.Experiments have also been performed which indicate that this approach is also suitable for the treatment or inhibition of experimental uveitis and autoimmune uveoretinitis These studies provide proof-of-concept for a novel low-cost oral ACE2 or Ang-(1-7) delivery system using transplastomic technology for pulmonary and ocular disease therapeutics.

A delivery device for the delivery of an agent to the mouth, nose or other bodily site of a user. The delivery device includes an aerosol canister that is actuated to expel propellant, which captures and disperses the agent. In a preferred embodiment, the propellant captures and disperses the agent into the mouth or nose of a user, and inhalation by the user directs the agent to the lungs of the user. The delivery device is particularly suitable for the treatment of bronchial asthma, respiratory conditions and for the delivery of systemically absorbed agents.

The present invention is directed to methods for reducing systemic absorption of therapeutic compounds or agents while enhancing efficiency of delivery and targeting of intranasal administration of such compounds or agents to the central nervous system. More specifically, use of ultrasound technology in conjunction with intranasal delivery of a therapeutic compound, or pharmaceutical composition, wherein the intranasal delivery is preferably to the upper one third of a patient's nasal cavity, thereby reducing therapeutic compound or agent absorption into the blood. At the same time, the present invention results in reducing the delivery of therapeutic compounds and / or agents to the peripheral tissues, increases therapeutic delivery of the compounds and / or agents to the central nervous system generally, and increases targeting of the therapeutics and / or agents to specific target regions within the central nervous system.