60 results about "Polymer degradation" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical flooding recovery efficiency improvement, in particular to a polymer-surfactant binary in-situ emulsification system assisted water-gas alternating flooding numerical simulation method which comprises the following steps: determining reaction kinetic components of an emulsification reaction; establishing a reaction kinetic equation of an emulsification reaction; determining reaction kinetic parameters of the emulsification reaction; establishing a reaction kinetic model of the emulsion reaction; and creating a geological concept model based on CMG software, and carrying out optimization design on an oil production scheme. According to the method, in-situ generation, demulsification, solid-phase trapping, flow dispersion and polymer degradation processes of emulsion are quantitatively described by utilizing a reaction kinetic equation, and a physical process is ingeniously represented by utilizing chemical reaction kinetics in combination with mature reservoir numerical simulation software; functional numerical simulation development is carried out on polymer-surfactant binary in-situ emulsification system assisted water-gas alternating flooding, and a set of practical polymer-surfactant binary in-situ emulsification system assisted water-gas alternating flooding numerical simulation method is formed.

The invention discloses an anti-aging waterproof coiled material and a preparation process thereof, and relates to the technical field of waterproof coiled materials prepared from high-molecular compounds. According to the waterproof coiled material, linear low-density polyethylene serves as a matrix, and an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorbent, a synergistic agent, a rare earth cerium complex, carbon black and other components are added in a matched mode. The preparation process comprises the steps of mixing ingredients, premixing and melting, extrusion molding, online rheology monitoring and temperature dynamic adjustment, cooling and shaping and the like. According to the invention, through construction of a multi-component synergistic anti-aging system, the components play a protection role in different stages and different paths of polymer degradation, and a three-dimensional protection network is formed; the prepared waterproof coiled material has excellent ultraviolet aging resistance and thermo-oxidative aging resistance, the product quality stability is high, the comprehensive performance is balanced, the service life is long, and the waterproof coiled material has good application prospects and economic value.

Methods of forming compostable polymeric materials and compostable polymeric materials formed through the methods are provided herein. In an embodiment, a method includes blending a biodegradable polymer chosen from a biodegradable polyester, a biodegradable polysaccharide, or combinations thereof, with a polymer-degrading enzyme and a plasticizer to form an intermediate composition. The intermediate composition is gel extruded to form the compostable polymeric material. In an embodiment, a compostable polymeric material is formed by a method comprising the recited steps.

The application discloses MS glue, an MS glue additive and a preparation method of the MS glue additive, and the preparation method of the MS glue additive comprises the following steps: dissolving pentamethyl piperidyl alcohol in an organic solvent, heating, and stirring; adding octadecadiene acid dimer, and stirring; adding diisopropyl bis(dioctyl pyrophosphoric acyloxy) titanate, and stirring; heating, and extracting the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain a product. In the technical scheme, the MS glue additive can effectively capture free radicals in a polymer degradation chain reaction, thereby inhibiting a photo-oxidation process, and achieving a light stabilization purpose. Through evaluation, the additive can greatly reduce performance attenuation and yellowing of the MS glue under light aging.

The invention relates to methods of identifying enzymes and methods of screening for optimised enzymes for degrading polymers such as plastics. The invention also relates to polymer degrading enzymes and nucleic acids encoding these enzymes as well as expression cassettes and host cells comprising the nucleic acids. The invention also relates to uses of these enzymes or the host cells comprising the nucleic acids encoding these enzymes to degrade polymers such as plastics. Lastly, the invention also relates to the crystal structure of plastic degrading enzymes and uses of these structures.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental management, and particularly relates to a method for degrading polyolefin waste into oil. The invention provides a method for degrading polyolefin wastes into oil, which comprises the following steps: mixing the polyolefin wastes and a catalyst, and carrying out ball milling to obtain a degradation product; the catalyst is inorganic compound particles; the degradation product comprises a gas phase and a liquid phase, the gas phase comprises short-chain alkane, the liquid phase is an oily compound, and the liquid phase comprises one or more of long-chain alkane, cycloalkane and aromatic compounds. Carbon-carbon bonds in molecular chains of polyolefin compounds can be efficiently attacked under the action of a catalyst through the mechanochemical action initiated by mechanical force of a ball mill, so that the breakage reaction of macromolecular chains is triggered, the polymer degradation efficiency is remarkably improved, and the polyolefin compounds are degraded into gas and liquid oil compounds; the liquid oil compound can be applied to the fields of industrial lubrication, energy supply, chemical raw materials, infrastructure construction and the like.

The invention relates to the field of chemical medicine impurities, and particularly discloses a cefoperazone sodium polymer degradation impurity and a preparation process thereof.The preparation process comprises the steps that cefoperazone sodium serves as a raw material and is subjected to an acylation reaction with pivaloyl chloride, then a product obtained after the acylation reaction reacts with 7-TMCA, and the cefoperazone sodium polymer degradation impurity is obtained. According to the method, cefoperazone sodium is taken as a raw material, cefoperazone sodium polymer degradation impurities are prepared through a synthesis method, the content of the cefoperazone sodium polymer degradation impurities is higher, synthesized components are purer, crystallization and purification are facilitated, a target product with higher purity is prepared, the purity reaches 95.21-99.88%, the yield is 45-50%, the process is simplified, the period is short, operation is easier, and large-scale preparation is easy.

The invention discloses a lithium ion battery diaphragm as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of lithium ion battery diaphragms. The lithium ion battery diaphragm comprises the following components in parts by mass: 70-95 parts of matrix resin, 0.5-5 parts of an antioxidant, 5-30 parts of inorganic particles, 0.1-2 parts of a coupling agent and 0.5-3 parts of a processing aid. And by introducing the antioxidant, the oxidation erosion of the electrolyte to the diaphragm matrix resin at high voltage / high temperature is effectively inhibited. The design can block an oxidation chain reaction and reduce pore structure damage and polymer degradation, so that the long-term performance stability of the diaphragm is maintained. The rigid network of the inorganic particles and the interface bonding effect of the coupling agent synergistically inhibit high-temperature thermal shrinkage, and the antioxidant reduces the risk of oxidation side reaction. The combination significantly improves the dimensional stability and flame retardancy of the diaphragm under a high temperature condition, and reduces the potential safety hazards such as battery swelling and short circuit.

The invention discloses a photoaging-resistant PBAT functional resin, and also discloses a preparation method and an application of the photoaging-resistant PBAT functional resin. The chemical formula of the photoaging-resistant PBAT functional resin provided by the invention is as shown in a formula I in the specification. A TMP structure is introduced into a PBAT molecular chain segment, and PBAT-TMP block copolyester with a stable structure, namely the photoaging-resistant PBAT functional resin, is formed by a chemical copolymerization method. The PBAT-TMP block copolyester can effectively capture free radicals R in polymer degradation chain reaction under the action of illumination, so that the effect of continuously resisting light aging is achieved. The light-aging-resistant PBAT functional resin prepared by the invention has long light-resistant stability and a stable structure. Formula I.

The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield chemistry, in particular to an environment-friendly biological blocking remover for oil extraction and a processing technology of the environment-friendly biological blocking remover. The environment-friendly biological blocking remover is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 4 to 6 percent of alkyl glycoside, 4 to 6 percent of sophorolipid, 3 to 5 percent of methylglycine diacetic acid, 5 to 8 percent of rhamnolipid, 6 to 8 percent of compound microorganism fermentation liquor, 5 to 8 percent of lipase, 5 to 8 percent of protease, 6 to 8 percent of polymer degrading enzyme, 2 to 4 percent of citric acid, 2 to 4 percent of mandelic acid, 1 to 2 percent of glycerol, 1 to 2 percent of trehalose and 31 to 57 percent of deionized water. The biological enzyme, the biological surfactant, the organic acid and the chelating agent cooperate to fundamentally disintegrate blockages, meanwhile, the microcapsule technology and the nano-bubble technology are used, the action period is greatly prolonged, blockages of deeper parts can be treated, and the treatment effect is good. And corrosion and damage of strong acid and strong alkali to underground pipe columns, tools and stratum rocks are avoided, and secondary damage caused by plug removal operation is prevented.

The instant invention concerns a process for fragmenting a polymer chain, comprising an oxidative degradation step wherein the polymer chain is contacted with a reduced form of a metal M and an oxidant such as dioxygen, and wherein the polymer carries covalently bound chemical groups acting as a ligand of said reduced form of the metal M.The invention also relates to methods making use of this fragmentation process as a first step of a degradation process of the polymer especially useful for avoiding the negative impact of a polymer to the environment. In this connection, the invention relates to the use of polymers carrying chemical groups acting as a ligand for a reduced form of a metal M, as a polymer biodegradable in an environment wherein the reduced form of a metal M is present.

The present disclosure provides methods of mitigating polymer degradation in poly (hydroxyalkanoates) including carboxylic acid end groups and monomer repeat units that are readily degradable to form unsaturated carboxylic acid byproducts. The carboxylic acid end groups are reacted with an end-capping agent selected from the group consisting of carbodiimides, diisocyanates, epoxides, and mixtures thereof, and the poly (hydroxyalkanoate) is further reacted with an anhydride to graft the side chains onto the poly (hydroxyalkanoate).

This invention discloses an in-situ polymer characterization method based on conductive two-dimensional materials. First, conductive two-dimensional material films and polymer films are prepared. Then, a composite material is constructed based on the conductive two-dimensional material films and the polymer films, such that the conductive two-dimensional material films act as electrical probes, uniformly and orderly dispersed within different polymer matrices, and forming continuous conductive pathways within the composite material. The composite material is used as a platform-based test unit to measure its resistance, obtaining resistance change curves. Analysis and processing of these resistance change curves reveal the structural changes of the polymer matrix during thermal transition and degradation processes, and the glass transition temperature and melting point of the polymer matrix are calculated. This method can be applied to important fields such as polymer thermal property characterization, polymer degradation process research, and polymer degradability evaluation.

The application discloses an upgrading and recycling method for catalytic alcoholysis of PET based on in-situ generation of alkali-rich proton salt, and relates to the fields of polymer degradation and green catalysis technology. The method uses organic alkali and amino acid as catalytic components, constructs an alkali-rich proton salt composite catalytic system in-situ in an ethylene glycol or methanol alcoholysis medium, and does not need to synthesize and purify the catalyst in advance. The pretreated PET fragments are added into the system, and catalytic alcoholysis is carried out under mild conditions to efficiently prepare BHET or DMT. The alkali-rich proton salt composite catalytic system is constructed in-situ, the catalyst does not need to be synthesized and purified in advance, the process steps are simplified, the energy consumption and cost are reduced, the efficient alcoholysis of PET under mild conditions is realized, the high-purity BHET or DMT product is obtained, the catalyst can be recycled, and the problems of complicated preparation of the existing PET alcoholysis catalyst, high reaction energy consumption and difficult product purification are solved, which meets the needs of green environmental protection and industrial production.

The application provides a polymer degradation method, comprising the following steps: under visible light conditions, a polymer and an oxidant generate an oxidation product through an oxidation reaction under the action of a catalyst; wherein the catalyst is selected from a compound or a mixture capable of generating chlorine or bromine radicals in situ; the oxidant is selected from oxygen or air, the pressure of the oxidant gas is 1 atm-100 atm; the reaction temperature of the oxidation reaction is 0 DEG C-100 DEG C, and the reaction time is 8h-48h. The degradation method has low reaction cost, can convert the polymer into a high-value chemical product, and has simple operation, good safety, and is a mild and environment-friendly degradation method. The degradation method can solve the problems of increased reaction cost and environmental pollution in the polymer degradation process.

This invention discloses a NaP molecular sieve catalyst prepared using Fischer-Tropsch synthesis waste residue, its method, and its application, belonging to the field of catalytic materials and polymer degradation technology. It includes a NaP-type molecular sieve support on which active metal components copper and nickel are loaded. The loading amounts of copper and nickel on the support are 12–76 wt% and 11–70 wt%, respectively. The silica-alumina ratio of the NaP-type molecular sieve support is 6.5–7.5, the sodium-silicon ratio is 1.3–2.0, the water-silicon ratio is 75–90, and the water-sodium ratio is 50. The NaP molecular sieve catalyst can be applied to the depolymerization of lignin. The NaP molecular sieve catalyst combines the catalytic advantages of two metals, effectively improving the liquefaction rate of lignin.

The invention discloses a real-time monitoring system and method for nano-enzyme degradation polymer dynamics based on plasmon imaging, and the system comprises a monochromatic laser emission module which is used for generating excitation light with a fixed wavelength, and adjusting a light path to excite surface plasmon resonance; the sample reaction module comprises a plasmon resonance gold sheet of which the surface is modified with a polymer molecular layer, and a sample pool for accommodating a reaction solution; the optical detection module is used for collecting and detecting scattered light signals from the sample reaction module and carrying out image acquisition; wherein the monochromatic laser emission module, the sample reaction module and the optical detection module are sequentially connected according to a light path; the invention provides a new important research means for researching the local change of the single nano enzyme and the interaction of biomolecules.

The present invention discloses a degradable polymer part suitable for 3D printing and a method for preparing the same, relating to the technical field of 3D printing liquid resin materials. The method comprises obtaining an acrylate-based crosslinker through the reaction of dopamine hydrochloride and polyethylene glycol diacrylate; mixing a monomer mixture including the crosslinker and a photoinitiator to form a 3D printing precursor solution; and obtaining a three-dimensional polymer part after 3D printing and curing. The three-dimensional polymer part is capable of dissolving into a liquid state in an aqueous solution. The present invention regulates the degradation rate of the polymer by controlling parameters such as the ratio of monomers and the ratio of solvents, thereby obtaining a polymer part with rapid degradation and controllable degradation.

Laboratory Equipment For Controlled Polymer Degradation And Chemical Stability Analysis

The present invention belongs to the technical field of waste polymer degradation and metal-organic framework (MOF) material preparation, and discloses a method for preparing aliphatic carboxylic acid ligand MOF by two-step hydrothermal degradation of waste nylon 66, comprising the following steps: S1. dispersing waste nylon 66 and a strong base compound in water to obtain a dispersion; S2. subjecting the dispersion to a hydrothermal reaction at 180-220°C for 12-48h to hydrolyze nylon 66 to obtain a nylon 66 degradation solution; S3. adding a metal salt solution thereto, and continuing the hydrothermal reaction at 60-160°C for 3-24h to coordinate the adipic acid salt and hexamethylenediamine in the degradation solution with metal ions to synthesize MOF, and the obtained product is an aliphatic carboxylic acid ligand MOF material. The present invention realizes the preparation of high-value-added MOF products from waste nylon 66 raw materials through a two-step hydrothermal method, the method is simple, realizes waste resource utilization, improves resource utilization, and reduces MOF production costs.

A nanobubble-enhanced fluid to transport acid to a subterranean formation. The nanobubble-enhanced fluid generally comprises nanobubbles, an acid, and an additive. The acid may be an organic acid or a mineral acid. The additive may be a salt or brine, corrosion inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor intensifier, biocide, scale control additive, clay control additive, gel stabilizer, anti-oxidant, polymer degradation prevention additive, relative permeability modifier, surfactant, demulsifier, foaming agent, wetting agent, dispersant, flocculant, scavenger (e.g., H2S scavengers, CO2 scavengers, or O2 scavengers), gelling agent, iron control agent, chelating agent, complexing agent, sequestering agent, metal ion control additive, or combinations thereof.

The present disclosure provides methods for mitigating polymer degradation in poly(hydroxyalkanoates), which include carboxylic acid end groups and monomeric repeat units which are susceptible to degradation to form unsaturated carboxylic acid by-products. The carboxylic acid end groups are reacted with an end-capping agent selected from the group consisting of carbodiimides, diisocyanates, epoxides, and mixtures thereof, and the poly(hydroxyalkanoates) are also reacted with an acid anhydride to graft side chains onto the poly(hydroxyalkanoates).

The application discloses a polymer shear degradation evaluation method based on a FENE-P model and belongs to the field of polymer turbulent flow drag reduction. The method comprises the following steps: based on a polymer degradation loop experimental device, polymer degradation influencing factor experiments are carried out, and a degradation rate is calculated; rheological experiments are carried out on solutions in different degradation stages; rheological experimental data are fitted, and a rheological equation is established; viscoelastic parameters in the FENE-P model are determined, a momentum equation and a molecular deformation transport equation are corrected, and relevant UDF files are compiled; the UDF files are loaded into source terms, transient terms and convection terms of a fluid domain of FLUENT software, FENE-P model related viscoelastic parameters are changed, polymer fluid degradation flow field simulation is realized; differences between Newton fluid and FENE-P solution flow field information are analyzed, polymer shear degradation behaviors from macro flow to micro flow field are evaluated, and polymer shear degradation mechanisms are explained. The method provides a theoretical basis for optimization of polymer drag reducers in actual fluid turbulent flow transportation.

Described herein are systems and methods for sorting and selecting cells by immobilizing or enclosing cells in degradable hydrogel chambers, including a method of sorting cells comprising: (a) providing a fluidics device comprising: (i) a channel comprising a surface, (ii) a spatial energy modulation element in optical communication with the surface, and (iii) a detector in optical communication with the surface and in operable association with the spatial energy modulating element, the detector identifying cells and determining positions thereof on the surface; (b) loading the channel with cells and one or more polymer precursors so that the cells are disposed on or adjacent to the surface; (c) immobilizing one or more cells selected based on one or more optical signals therefrom by synthesizing one or more gel structures enclosing each of the one or more cells by projecting light into the channel with the spatial energy modulating element such that the projected light causes cross-linking of the one or more polymer precursors to form gel structures, wherein the positions of the gel structures in the channel are determined by the positions of the cells enclosed thereby identified by the detector; and (d) removing from the channel unselected cells.

The invention belongs to the technical field of degradable functional polymer materials, and relates to a PBAT / PLA fiber membrane and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that dichloromethane and N, N-dimethylformamide are mixed to prepare a binary solvent; pBAT and PLA are sequentially added into a binary solvent and are heated to be fully dissolved, and a spinning solution is obtained; a spinning solution is conveyed into an inner tube of a micro-fluidic chip, sheath gas is communicated at an outlet of the micro-fluidic chip, the spinning solution is sheared and stretched in the inner tube of the micro-fluidic chip by regulating and controlling the pressure of the sheath gas and the conveying flow speed of the spinning solution to form stable jet flow to be sprayed out, and the PBAT / PLA composite fiber membrane is obtained after solidification and collection. The problems that fibers prepared through high-temperature melt blending are uneven in structure, polymer degradation is possibly caused in the high-temperature processing process, and the performance of a final product is affected are solved. The prepared PBAT / PLA fiber membrane is uniform and stable in fiber structure.

The invention discloses a propene polymer degradation type cleaning agent in the technical field of cleaning agents. The propene polymer degradation type cleaning agent is prepared from, by mass, 10%-30% of main oxidizing agent, 5%-15% of activating agent, 1%-5% of penetrating agent, 0.5%-3% of corrosion inhibitor, 0.5%-5% of surface active agent, 10%-25% of organic solvent and the balance deionized water. The method has the advantages that through the synergistic effect of the main oxidant and the activator, active free radicals are generated under mild conditions, and the molecular chain of the propylene polymer is effectively cut off; meanwhile, by means of the swelling effect of the organic solvent and the permeation effect of the penetrant, the degradation and cleaning efficiency of stubborn residues such as polypropylene is remarkably improved. The corrosion inhibitor in the formula can effectively protect a metal matrix of equipment and reduce corrosion. The cleaning agent has the advantages of high efficiency, low temperature, low corrosion and environmental protection, and is especially suitable for cleaning equipment such as polypropylene reaction kettles, polymerization pipelines and extruders.

The invention relates to the technical field of polymer degradation, and discloses a degradation method of a cross-linked high-molecular material, which comprises the following steps: adding at least one of dichloroethane, dichloromethane and chloroform and an amphoteric permeation carrier into crushed cross-linked high-molecular material for swelling treatment, and adding anhydrous ferric trichloride for constant-temperature permeation treatment; then adding benzaldehyde and at least one of triphenylphosphine and polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether for in-situ complexing activation to obtain mother liquor to be reacted; carrying out degradation reaction on the mother liquor to be reacted under the condition that the temperature is 85 to 120 DEG C and the pressure is 0.5 to 1.5 MPa and is in periodic gradient fluctuation; and finally, adding a quenching agent into the degradation liquid to terminate the reaction, and separating and purifying to obtain the oligomer. Through the synergistic effect of swelling permeation, in-situ activation and pressure fluctuation physical disturbance, embedding and efficient reaction of a catalytic active center in a three-dimensional network are achieved, and an oligomer product with narrow molecular weight distribution and complete active end group retention is obtained.

The invention relates to a high-molecular polymer degrading bacterium which is an engineering bacterium with the surface modified by PDA / PEI and is configured to degrade a high-molecular polymer or a product containing the high-molecular polymer. The invention also relates to a construction method of the high-molecular polymer degrading bacterium. The construction method comprises the following steps: obtaining nucleotide of the high-molecular polymer degrading enzyme; constructing an engineering bacterium capable of secreting the high-molecular polymer degrading enzyme; and modifying the engineering bacteria, the method for modifying the engineering bacteria comprises the following steps: adding a PDA solution into the engineering bacteria to obtain the engineering bacteria subjected to first modification; adding a PEI solution into the engineering bacteria subjected to first modification to obtain engineering bacteria subjected to second modification; the engineering bacteria subjected to the second modification are the high-molecular polymer degrading bacteria. The invention constructs an engineering bacterium capable of adsorbing and degrading a high-molecular polymer, the engineering bacterium can grow under the unique carbon source of PET, the plastic surface structure is damaged, the functional group structure is changed, the high-molecular polymer is subjected to depolymerization or chain scission within 7 days, and a new product is generated, so that the engineering bacterium can effectively adsorb and degrade the high-molecular polymer; particularly, the PET can be adsorbed and degraded. The engineering bacterium provided by the invention can be applied to harmless treatment of micro-plastic resources and environmental remediation as a biodegradable microbial agent.

This invention relates to the field of polymer compound preparation technology, specifically to a multi-component copolymer, its preparation method, and its applications. The multi-component copolymer comprises a first structural unit derived from a first polymeric monomer and a second structural unit derived from a second polymeric monomer, with a molar ratio of the first to the second structural unit of 20-100:1. The first polymeric monomer is a water-soluble vinyl monomer, and the second polymeric monomer contains carbon-carbon double bonds and β-keto ester groups. This multi-component copolymer can be used as a drag-reducing agent, and during its use as a drag-reducing agent, it can achieve controlled degradation of the main chain under the temperature conditions of shallow and medium-depth shale oil reservoirs, degrading the macromolecular polymer into smaller molecular fragments and avoiding the blockage and damage to reservoir pore throats caused by polymer residues.