346 results about "Hydrophobic moiety" patented technology

The invention provides a water soluble complex comprising an inner core of a metal or semi-conductor nanoparticle. The nanoparticle is coated with a hydrophobic ligand, which is encapsulated in a micelle. In an aqueous medium, the micelle comprises a hydrophilic shell and a hydrophobic core, the hydrophilic shell comprising a plurality of hydrophilic moieties, the hydrophobic core comprising a plurality of hydrophobic moieties, each hydrophobic moiety comprising at least one chain, each chain comprising a minimum of 8 atoms; wherein the total number of atoms in all chains for each moiety comprises at least 24 atoms. The micelle has a minimum average diameter of approximately 5 nm and a maximum average diameter of approximately 45 nm.

The present invention relates to a biosensor which comprises an electrode system including at least one pair of electrodes, at least one insulating base plate for supporting the electrode system, a first reaction layer provided at least on a working electrode of the electrode system, including an organic compound having a functional group capable of bonding or being adsorbed to an electrode and a hydrophobic hydrocarbon group, a second reaction layer provided on the first reaction layer, including an amphiphilic lipid capable of bonding or being adsorbed to a hydrophobic portion of the first reaction layer, and a reagent system carried in a two-component membrane composed of the first and second reaction layers, including at least membrane-binding type pyrroquinoline quinone-dependent glucose dehydrogenase and an electron mediator.

Reversible switchable surfactants are provided. A surfactant is the salt of an amidine or guanidine having at least one R group that is a hydrophobic moiety selected from the group consisting of higher aliphatic moiety, higher siloxyl moiety, higher aliphatic/siloxyl moiety, aliphatic/aryl moiety, siloxyl/aryl moiety, and aliphatic/siloxyl/aryl moiety. The other R groups are smaller moieties such as H, C₁ to C₄ aliphatic or the like. The surfactant is turned on by a gas that liberates hydrogen ions, such as, for example, carbon dioxide, which liberates hydrogen ions in the presence of water. The surfactant is turned off by exposure to a flushing gas and/or heating. When “on” the surfactants are useful to stabilize emulsions, and when “off” they are useful to separate immiscible liquids or a liquid and a solid. The surfactants find uses in polymerization and in the oil industry.

Disclosed is a sustained release lipid pre-concentrate, comprising: a) a sorbitan unsaturated fatty acid ester having a polar head with at least two or more —OH (hydroxyl) groups; b) a phospholipid; and c) a liquid crystal hardener, free of an ionizable group, having a hydrophobic moiety of 15 to 40 carbon atoms with a triacyl group or a carbon ring structure. The lipid pre-concentrate exists as a liquid phase in the absence of aqueous fluid and forms into a liquid crystal in the presence of aqueous fluid. Also, a pharmaceutical composition further comprising a pharmacologically active ingredient plus the pre-concentrate is provided.

An ink composition including a colorant, a solvent, and a surface property treatment agent represented by the following formula (1):

where each of Y1, Y2, and Y3 is independently —N(R3)- or —O—. R3 is H, a C1-C20 alkyl group, or a C6-C20 aryl group, each of R1 and R2 is independently a chemical bond, a C1-C10 alkylene group, a C2-C10 alkenylene group, a C2-C10 alkynylene group, or a C1-C20 alkyl group including a C2-C10 alkenylene group or a C2-C10 alkynylene group, 1≦a≦7, and b, c≧0 are integers, each of A and B is a hydrophobic moiety or are connected to each other to form a ring, A and B cannot simultaneously be H, and B can be a hetero atom. The ink composition can reduce smearing by increasing the rate of penetration into paper and may increase a duration of storage stability, while using little or no surfactant.

The current invention provides compositions, which are useful as stationary phases for a variety of chromatographic applications, such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The compositions include a substrate (e.g., silica gel), covalently bound to a compound, which includes both a hydrophobic moiety and a hydrophilic moiety, which is preferably a 1,2-diol moiety. The hydrophobic moiety is sufficiently hydrophobic for the compositions to exhibit reversed phase characteristics and typically incorporates at least 5 carbon atoms in sequence. Based on having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic functionalities, the new stationary phases exhibit unique chromatographic properties. For example, these media can be used in either hydrophilic (HILIC) mode, in which the mobile phase includes a high percentage of an organic solvent, or in reversed phase mode, in which the mobile phase contains a higher percentage of an aqueous solvent. The current invention also provides methods of making and using the compounds and compositions of the invention.

A composition having a first hydrophobic moiety linked to a spacer, which is linked to a second hydrophobic moiety to form a Gemini surfactant is provided. Each hydrophobic moiety of the foregoing composition may include silicon. A method for linking a first hydrophobic moiety to a second hydrophobic moiety using a spacer to form a Gemini surfactant is provided. A pesticide having an active ingredient and a composition having a first hydrophobic moiety linked to a spacer, which is linked to a second hydrophobic moiety to form a Gemini surfactant is also provided.

Lipid assemblies, such as liposomes, comprising transfection enhancer elements (TEE's), which are complexed with the lipid assemblies by means of ionic interactions, or lipids incorporating such TEE's are disclosed for enhancing the fusogenicity of the lipid assemblies. The TEE's have the formula:

hydrophobic moiety-pH sensitive hydrophilic moiety  (II)

The pH sensitive hydrophilic moiety of each TEE is a weak acid having a pka of between 2 and 6 or a zwitterionic structure comprising a combination of acidic groups with weak bases having a pKa of between 3 and 8. Lipids incorporating one or more such TEEs have the formula (I):

Lipid moiety-[Hydrophobic moiety-pH sensitive hydrophilic moiety]  (I)

Provided are a pesticide, a coating formulation, a cosmetic, a cleaner, and a foamable fire-fighting composition, which may include a Gemini surfactant. The Gemini surfactant may include a first hydrophobic moiety linked to a spacer, which is linked to a second hydrophobic moiety. Each hydrophobic moiety may include silicon. A method is provided that may include linking a first hydrophobic moiety to a second hydrophobic moiety using a spacer to form a Gemini surfactant, and each hydrophobic moiety may include silicon. Water may be added to the Gemini surfactant to form an aqueous mixture. The method may include one or more of applying the aqueous mixture to an agricultural field, cleaning a soiled article using the aqueous mixture, or extinguishing a fire using the aqueous mixture.

Particulate constructs stabilized by amphiphilic copolymers and comprising at least one active coupled to a hydrophobic moiety provide sustained release of the active in both in vitro and in vivo environments.

The present invention relates to mixed-modal anion-exchange materials composed of a support on which a ligand is immobilized. The ligand combines at least one basic domain based on cyclic monobasic derivatives with two or more rings as anion-exchange domain and at least one non-ionic binding domain. The basic domain is ionized under the conditions of use and may contain secondary, tertiary, or quaternary nitrogen forming a weakly (WAX) or strongly (SAX) basic anionic exchange domains. The non-ionic binding domain allows adjustment of the overall hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity of the material and represents a second binding site for the solute to be separated. Binding to this second binding site is based on reversed phase (RP), hydrophobic interaction (HIC) or hydrophilic interaction (HILIC). Linker sites, which can be represented by a chemical bond or by hydrophobic moieties like alkyl(ene) chains or hydrophilic moieties like amide structures connect the support to the binding domains and the binding domains to each other.

The invention relates to the use as surfactant, for the preparation of dispersions of multiphase systems that comprise a continuous aqueous phase containing a high concentration of electrolytes, of hydrophobically modified saccharides of general formula (I) and (II) [A]n(-M)s (I) [B]m(-M)s'(II) wherein [A]n represents a fructan-type saccharide [B]m represents a starch-type saccharide (-M) represents a hydrophobic moiety that substitutes a hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group of the fructosyl and/or glucosyl units of the fructan-type and starch-type saccharides, which is selected from the group consisting of an alkylcarbamoyl radical of formula R-NH-CO- and an alkylcarbonyl radical of formula R-CO-, wherein R represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl group with from 4 to 32 carbon atoms, and s and s', which can have the same value or not, represent the number of said hydrophobic moieties that substitute the fructosyl or glucosyl unit, expressed as average degree of substitution (av. DS) which ranges from 0.01 to 0.5. The invention also relates to a method for the preparation and/or stabilisation of dispersions of multiphase systems that comprise a continuous aqueous phase containing a high concentration of electrolytes, by using as surfactant one or more hydrophobically modified saccharides of general formula (I) and/or (II) defined above. Also dispersions of multiphase systems are disclosed that comprise a continuous aqueous phase containing a high concentration of electrolytes and that comprise as surfactant one or more hydrophobically modified saccharides of general formula (I) and/or (II) defined above.

A photosensitive composition including: a plurality of quantum dots, wherein the quantum dot includes an organic ligand with a hydrophobic moiety bound to a surface of the quantum dot; a binder; a photopolymerizable monomer having a carbon-carbon double bond; a photoinitiator; and a solvent, wherein the binder includes a multiple aromatic ring-containing polymer including a main chain including a carboxylic acid group and a backbone structure incorporated in the main chain, wherein the backbone structure includes a quaternary carbon atom, which is a part of a cyclic group, and two aromatic rings bound to the quaternary carbon atom, and wherein the plurality of quantum dots are dispersed in the binder.

Disclosed are compositions including dihydroxyalkyl substituted polygalactomannan, and the optional further substitution of such with cationic and/or hydrophobic moieties. Method of making such compositions is also disclosed as well as the use of such compositions in industrial applications, fabric laundering, and personal and household care.

A personal care composition is composed of:

• • (a) from about 0.1% to about 99% by weight of a vehicle system which comprises a hydrophobically modified nonionic water soluble polysaccharide polymer which comprises a water soluble polysaccharide polymer backbone and a hydrophobic moiety selected from the group consisting of 3-alkoxy-2-hydroxypropyl group wherein the allyl moiety is a straight or branch chain having 2-6 carbon atoms, C₃-C₇ alky aryl alkyl, alkyl aryl groups and mixtures thereof, wherein the ratio of the hydrophilic portion to the hydrophobic portion of the polymer is from about 2:1 to 1000:1, and
  • (b) at least one other personal care ingredient.

This compostion can be used in a wide range of personal care products such as shampoos, conditioners, hair coloring and styling agents, soaps, body washing agents, underarm products, lubricating agents, oral care products, denture adhesives, sunscreen agents, make-up products, and the like.

A delivery agent for delivering a biologically active agent to a warm-blooded animal includes a hydrophobic moiety covalently bonded to a hydrophilic moiety. The hydrophobic moiety can include bile acids, sterols, or hydrophobic small molecules. The hydrophilic moiety can include α-amino acids, dipeptides or tripeptides, or hydrophilic small molecules. An illustrative delivery agent is N^α-deoxycholyl-L-lysine-methylester. The delivery agent and the biologically active agent are mixed together to form a complex, which is then administered to the animal. These complexes are particularly useful for oral administration of biologically active agents, but other routes of administration may be used.

Disclosed is a bearing material of a medical implant comprising a polymer such as UHMWPE and a surface active agent that is not covalently bonded to the polymer. The surface active agent includes a hydrophilic moiety or segment, such as an ethoxylated moiety, and a hydrophobic moiety or segment, such as an alkanol, alkenol, aromatic alcohol, alkylamine, alkenyl amine, alkyl aromatic alcohol, alkanoic acid, alkenoic acid, or any combination thereof. The bearing material has a reduced wear rate. Also disclosed is a method of reducing the wear rate of a polymeric bearing material of a medical implant when it articulates against a hard counterface in the presence of synovial fluid, the method comprising providing a surface active agent in the synovial fluid in close proximity to the bearing surface, the hard counterface, or both.

A novel class of antimicrobial polymeric agents which are designed to exert antimicrobial activity while being stable, non-toxic and avoiding development of resistance thereto and a process of preparing same are disclosed. Further disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing same and a method of treating medical conditions associated with pathological microorganisms, a medical device, an imaging probe and a food preservative utilizing same. Further disclosed are conjugates of an amino acid residue and a hydrophobic moiety residue and a process of preparing same.

Hydrophobically-modified proteins and methods of making them are described. A hydrophobic moiety is attached to a surface amino acid residue of the protein. The hydrophobic moiety can be a lipid or a peptide. Alternatively, the protein can be derivatized by a wide variety of chemical reactions that append a hydrophobic structure to the protein. The preferred protein is of mammalian origin and is selected from the group consisting of Sonic, Indian, and Desert hedgehog. The hydrophobic moiety is used as a convenient tether to which may be attached a vesicle such as a cell membrane, liposome, or micelle.

Metal-organic framework-based molecular sieves comprising pores with a temperature-adjustable pore opening. The temperature-adjustable pore size molecular sieves comprise a plurality of metal clusters bound with a plurality of amphiphilic ligands, each ligand comprising a functionalized hydrophobic moiety and a functionalized hydrophilic moiety, and wherein the metal clusters and amphiphilic ligand hydrophilic moieties form a metal cluster layer, the metal cluster layer forming at least one hydrophilic pore. On each side of the metal cluster layer, a plurality of associated amphiphilic ligand hydrophobic moieties cooperate with the metal cluster layer to form a tri-layer and a plurality of tri-layers are held in proximity with each other to form at least one hydrophobic chamber. The hydrophobic moieties form temperature-adjustable pore size hydrophobic pores. When adjusted to a pre-selected temperature the temperature-adjustable pore openings allow for the passage of molecules having a size less than the size of the pre-selected temperature-adjustable pore opening.

A cleansing composition according to the present invention comprises (A) an aqueous phase containing 1 to 25% by weight of a water-soluble compound (a), which has a polyoxypropylene structure having 3 or more addition number of propylene oxide but neither an alkyl group having 4 or more carbon atoms nor a polyoxyethylene structure, in the aqueous phase and (B) an oil phase which is liquid at 30° C., wherein the weight ratio (A):(B) of the aqueous phase (A) and the oil phase (B) is 97:3 to 40:60, and water is contained more than 10% by weight in the total composition. Moreover, a cleansing sheet according to the present invention comprises a nonwoven fabric which is made of a fiber having a cellulose content of at least 70% by weight and has a density of about 0.15 to 0.3 g/cm³ impregnated with an oil-in-water emulsion composition comprising (A) an aqueous phase containing 1 to 25% by weight, in the aqueous phase, of a water-soluble compound (a) which has a polyoxypropylene structure having 3 or more addition number of propylene oxide but neither an alkyl group having 4 or more carbon atoms nor a polyoxyethylene structure, (B) an oil phase containing 50% by weight or more of an oil (b) having a boiling point of 160 to 300° C. at 1,013.25 hPa and (C) 0.01 to 1% by weight of an aqueous thickening agent having a hydrophobic part, wherein the weight ratio (A):(B) of the aqueous phase (A) and the oil phase (B) is 97:3 to 40:60.

A porous silica which can be formed into various shapes excellent transparency, capable to be nanoparticulated, capable to be obtained at a high efficiency even when a cationic surfactant having 7 or less carbon atoms is used. Alkoxysilane is dispersed with a cationic surfactant in which a hydrophobic moiety has 2 to 7 of carbon atoms, and added water of which pH is adjusted to 0-2 with the amount of 2-4 equivalents to the alkoxysilane, and mildly hydrolyzed to obtain a monolithic mesoporous silica of which a pore diameter is not less than 0.5 nm and less than 2 nm. A pore diameter can be controlled by adding an organic silane to the system. By adding polyethylene glycol to the synthesis system, a monolithic mesoporous silica nanoparticle is obtained.