169 results about "Chloroplast" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural application of nano materials, and discloses a preparation method and application of a photosynthetic accelerant containing carbon quantum dots. Urea and citric acid are adopted as raw materials, and the nitrogen-carbon molar ratio and hydrothermal reaction parameters are optimized, so that efficient doping of nitrogen and accurate regulation and control of the particle size are achieved, and the photosynthetic accelerant containing the carbon quantum dots is obtained. The nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot photosynthetic promoter with excellent upconversion performance is successfully synthesized, the promoter has good water solubility and biocompatibility, the photosynthetic efficiency of plants can be greatly improved within the concentration range of 0-100 mg / L, a safe application window is defined, and by establishing foliage spraying and water planting dual-mode application specifications, the application range of the nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot photosynthetic promoter is widened, and the application range of the nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot photosynthetic promoter is widened. The problems that current crops are insufficient in solar spectrum utilization and low in light energy conversion efficiency are solved in a targeted manner by utilizing an ultraviolet light-photosynthetically active radiation conversion function mediated by the carbon quantum dots and combining the targeted enrichment permeation characteristic of the carbon quantum dots in chloroplast.

The invention belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering breeding, and particularly relates to application and a method of a transcription factor CaBTF3 for regulating capsorubin synthesis. According to the capsicum transcription factor CaBTF3 and the coding gene thereof provided by the invention, the biosynthesis of capsorubin can be influenced by adjusting the expression level of a key enzyme gene in a capsorubin synthesis route and regulating and controlling the development and quantity of fruit chloroplast, the expression of the CaBTF3 gene in capsicum fruits is inhibited, the accumulation amount of capsorubin in the capsicum fruits can be reduced, and the yield of capsorubin is increased. The color of the pepper fruit is further influenced. By enhancing the expression level of the CaBTF3 gene, the content of capsorubin in capsicum fruits can be increased, the gene is applied to plant genetic engineering breeding, a new effective way is provided for creating capsicum varieties with high capsorubin content, and the gene plays an important role in improving the economic benefits of the capsicum industry and popularizing and applying the capsorubin.

The invention discloses a rice large-scale metabolism regulator DGP1 and crop metabolism quality design. The invention finds that the structural domain of the rice DGP1 family protein TIGR01589 targets a plurality of metabolic enzymes and promotes the metabolic enzymes to be transferred to a cell nucleus; the structural domain also has an intervention effect on a light breathing pathway by changing the composition of a glycine decarboxylase compound in mitochondria. Based on a molecular mechanism of DGP1, a chimeric protein ST containing a conservative structural domain and coupled with a chloroplast positioning signal is designed, and genetic engineering modification of pakchoi is realized. The modification strategy not only can guide substrate flow of a central glycolysis pathway to flavonoid biosynthesis, but also can promote accumulation of saccharides derived from photosynthetic products in leaves.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, particularly relates to the technical field of plant genetic engineering, and more particularly relates to application of an MYC gene in regulation and control of chloroplast development and composite stress resistance. Specifically, the invention innovatively discovers that the combined action of warm and JA can significantly induce seedling cotyledon chloroplast dysplasia, and deletion / reduction of MYC gene expression can significantly inhibit chloroplast dysplasia of plants under the combined action of warm and JA. The discovery provides guidance for remarkably improving plant seedling chloroplast development in a complex dynamic environment and improving the seedling survival rate and photosynthetic productivity, can promote optimization of a chloroplast artificial regulation and control technology, and realizes directional design of efficient photosynthetic organs in facility agriculture and an artificial photosynthetic system.

The invention discloses application of rice protein MBS and a coding gene thereof in plant light protection. The invention provides any one of the following applications of the protein OsMBS. C1, regulating and controlling the plant yield; c2, regulating and controlling light protection of the plants; c3, regulating and controlling the strong light adaptability of the plants; c4, regulating and controlling the photosynthetic activity of the plants; and C5, cultivating a strong light resistant plant. Transgenosis experiments and field yield measurement verify that the homologous protein OsMBS has enhanced expression in rice, the chloroplast is wrapped in a sharp increase mode under strong light, a shading layer for directly protecting the chloroplast is formed, light protection of the rice fragrance of the rice can be enhanced, and remarkable and efficient yield increase in the field is achieved.

The invention discloses a method for evaluating the growth performance of mangrove forest seedlings in an estuary high-salinity environment, and the method comprises the steps: constructing an analysis framework in which a dynamic salinity stress system and a multi-dimensional monitoring technology are coupled, and achieving the precise evaluation of the environmental adaptability of the mangrove forest seedlings; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out sterile germination and matrix domestication on a target estuary provenance, then establishing a three-dimensional stress model containing basic salinity maintenance, sudden salinity impact and tidal cycle fluctuation, and strictly controlling the sudden salinity impact amplitude within 20% of the historical extreme value of the estuary; synchronously acquiring canopy volume and root architecture parameters of the seedlings by adopting a three-dimensional laser scanning technology, and constructing a morphological database in combination with leaf apparent characteristic records; subcellular structure indexes such as cell wall thickening, chloroplast envelope integrity and mitochondrial ridge density are observed and analyzed through a transmission electron microscope, the molecular mechanism of osmotic regulation and energy metabolism is disclosed, and the concentration of suspended solids in the water body, the oxidation-reduction potential of sediments and the functional diversity of microorganisms are synchronously monitored.

The invention discloses a dual-emission carbon dot nano-enzyme, a preparation method thereof and application of the dual-emission carbon dot nano-enzyme in enhancing photosynthesis and salt stress resistance of crops, and relates to the field of nano-material technologies and agricultural engineering.The dual-emission carbon dot nano-enzyme is prepared by taking glutathione and formamide as precursors through ultrasonic treatment, microwave heating, purification and drying; the double-emission carbon dots have emission in blue light and red light ranges, are well overlapped with chloroplast absorption, and can be used as a light converter to promote photosynthesis of crops, improve the utilization rate of solar energy and enhance photosynthesis of crops; in addition, the compound has excellent SOD-like activity, and can improve germination of crop seeds and growth of seedlings under salt stress.

The invention discloses an application of a rice chloroplast development gene OsSecY1. A gene OsSecY1 for regulating and controlling development of rice chloroplast is found in a rice development mutant library, the nucleotide sequence of the gene is as shown in SEQ ID NO.1, and the amino acid sequence of encoded protein is as shown in SEQ ID NO.2. Researches show that the expression quantity of the OsSecY1 gene in leaves is relatively high, and the encoded protein is positioned in chloroplast. The OsSecY1 gene is knocked out from wild type rice, so that rice chloroplast develops abnormally, leaves are yellowed, and apoptosis begins at the later stage of a two-leaf stage. Therefore, the OsSecY1 gene provided by the invention can be used as a seedling stage marker character for assisting rice molecular breeding, is beneficial to understanding a regulation mechanism of rice chloroplast development, and provides a reference for improving the leaf photosynthetic efficiency through a genetic engineering means so as to improve the rice yield.

The invention discloses a chloroplast RNA edited gene OsPPR7 for temperature-sensitive regulation and control of rice and application of the gene OsPPR7, and belongs to the technical field of gene engineering. The CDS sequence of the OsPPR7 gene is as shown in SEQ ID NO. 1. The OsPPR7 is an RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) editing factor which has a bidirectional regulation and control function and is sensitive to temperature. Editing of multiple sites on the rpoB gene is negatively regulated and controlled, and meanwhile RNA editing of multiple genes such as ndhB and ndhD which are crucial to the chloroplast function is positively regulated and controlled under high-temperature stress. Under the stress of high temperature of 35 DEG C, the loss of functions can lead to obvious reduction of RNA editing efficiency of a plurality of ndh genes, and serious yellowing of seedlings is caused. The key function of the rice OsPPR7 gene in regulation and control of rice growth and development and high-temperature response is clarified for the first time, the importance of the OsPPR7 gene in maintenance of chloroplast functions under high-temperature stress is clarified, and a new gene resource and a technical path are provided for cultivation of new varieties of high-temperature-resistant rice.

The present invention discloses the application of the NtIPMD gene in regulating the chlorophyll content of tobacco, and belongs to the field of plant genetic engineering technology. Based on the existing progress in tobacco genetic engineering and the observation and identification of related plant phenotypes, the present invention conducts in-depth research on the NtIPMD gene and finds that it is related to the development of tobacco chloroplasts. The nucleotide sequence of the NtIPMD gene is shown in SEQ ID NO.1. After silencing the gene, the chlorophyll content of the leaves decreases, the growth of the plants slows down, and transmission electron microscopy observation reveals abnormal chloroplast development. The present invention finds that the gene encoding tobacco isopropylmalate dehydrogenase, NtIPMD, plays a key role in regulating the chlorophyll content of tobacco leaves, laying the foundation for clarifying the molecular regulatory mechanism of chlorophyll biosynthesis in tobacco leaves and providing a new precise regulatory gene for regulating the chlorophyll content of tobacco leaves.

The invention discloses a gene for degrading chlorophyll as well as an encoding protein and application thereof, and belongs to the fields of molecular biology, plant genetic engineering and horticulture. Protein coded by the gene is located in chloroplast, and chlorophyll degradation can be efficiently promoted under various stress conditions. By performing different treatments on Huangkui tea trees and performing gene function verification in model plants such as nicotiana benthamiana and arabidopsis thaliana, it is found that the CsSGRs gene is subjected to induced expression by factors such as natural aging, abscisic acid, illumination intensity and low temperature, and the gene participates in a chlorophyll degradation approach, so that the functions are redundant. In addition, a bZIP family transcription factor CsABF4 is screened out, and CsSGRs gene expression can be regulated and controlled. The invention provides gene resources and theoretical basis for regulating and controlling the chlorophyll content of plants and improving related characters of plant leaf color, and has potential application value in the fields of plant breeding and gardening.

The invention provides a cactus plant species identification method based on high-throughput sequencing data. A specific variation region in a cactus chloroplast genome is screened based on a high-throughput sequencing data system, and a standardized cactus plant species rapid identification process is developed by combining Pi value screening and specific variation region marking. Compared with a traditional DNA bar code fragment, the identification precision of the targeted specific variation region is remarkably improved, so that species with highly overlapped forms can be effectively distinguished, and the identification accuracy is improved. Meanwhile, the method greatly reduces the technical threshold and cost, PCR amplification is performed on the DNA of the sample to be detected by designing a specific primer of a targeted specific variation region, whole genome sequencing and assembly are avoided, the detection cost and detection period of a single sample are reduced, and the method is compatible with a conventional PCR platform and has high practicability. And on-site rapid detection of scenes such as a medicinal material market and a customs port becomes possible.

A method and system for characterizing chloroplast distribution features based on images belongs to the interdisciplinary field of plant physiology and image processing technology. This invention solves the problem that previous methods for chloroplast distribution feature characterization lacked the ability to quantify its spatial distribution characteristics. The method includes the following steps: S1, acquiring chloroplast microscopic images; S2, preprocessing the chloroplast microscopic images; S3, calculating the chloroplast microscopic image distribution feature parameters; S4, constructing a quantification index of chloroplast microscopic image distribution features to characterize chloroplast distribution features. This invention introduces a novel method for characterizing chloroplast distribution features by introducing new parameters skewness and kurtosis, and based on these, constructing a quantification index that can characterize chloroplast distribution features, thus providing a unified method for characterizing chloroplast spatial distribution features. This method has both universality and accuracy.

The application discloses a PCR primer pair and a molecular marker probe for distinguishing between barnyard grass and rice, a detection kit and application thereof. After align analysis on chloroplast genome sequences of the barnyard grass and the rice, it is found that a difference site exists in a 91 kb region, sequences of the upstream and downstream of the difference site are taken as reference sequences to select homologous sequences to design primers for PCR amplification, and the amplification result proves that the difference site fragment obtained by chloroplast genome sequence analysis exists and can be amplified and identified subsequently; the PCR amplification product is sequenced, and the sequencing result is compared to find that a 12 bp insertion site exists in the site and can separate the barnyard grass from the rice, a colloidal gold probe is designed according to the insertion site, and a RPA detection kit and a detection method are established, and the RPA detection kit is used to detect the barnyard grass and the rice, and the barnyard grass and the rice can be accurately distinguished.

The application discloses application of a PHB9 gene in regulating rice leaf morphology and belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering.The CDS sequence of the PHB9 gene is shown as SEQ ID NO.2.It is found through experiments that overexpression of the PHB9 gene increases leaf length and leaf width, and the PHB9 gene has a significant effect on regulating rice leaf morphology.Further, changes in vascular systems, mitochondria and chloroplast structures in the internal structure of the leaf are analyzed, and it is shown that the vascular systems, mitochondria and chloroplast structures change when the leaf morphology is regulated, and the morphological changes in the internal structure of the leaf affect the changes in the leaf phenotype, and have a significant influence on improving the photosynthetic rate of the leaf.It is also found that overexpression of the PHB9 gene reduces the sensitivity of rice seeds to ABA, promotes seed germination and root growth.The application provides a new gene for breeding of leaf morphology building, root development and seed germination.

A genetically modified plant comprising at least one modification from the natively occurring plant, wherein the at least one modification results in overexpression of at least one chloroplastic translation elongation factor-G (EF-G) protein or active fragment thereof. Methods of producing and using the genetically modified plants are also disclosed herein. The genetically modified plants exhibit increased plant biomass, increased yield, and / or increased photosynthetic capacity over a native, non-genetically modified plant.

The invention belongs to the field of plant engineering technology and crop germplasm resource innovation, and particularly relates to a rice BEIIb gene mutant, application of the rice BEIIb gene mutant in improving rice resistant starch and an improving method. A mutant material with high resistant starch content is created by knocking out the rice BEIIb gene, and compared with a wild type, mutant seeds show an obvious chalky phenotype, composite starch particles are abnormal in a spherical or ellipsoidal shape, the amylose content is remarkably increased, the protein content is remarkably reduced, the resistant starch content is remarkably increased, and the resistant starch content is remarkably reduced. The hardness of cooked rice is remarkably increased, and the elasticity is remarkably reduced. Through transcriptomics analysis, the protein mainly participates in biological pathways such as carbohydrate metabolism, chloroplast photosynthesis, calmodulin combination and secondary metabolite synthesis, and the expression level of endosperm starch synthesis related genes is obviously changed. The method can provide theoretical basis and method reference for breeding of high-quality rice varieties with high resistant starch.

The invention relates to an application of sorghum SbDRP5B in improving plant photosynthesis inhibition herbicide stress resistance. The application comprises application of sorghum chloroplast split protein SbDRP5B and a coding gene thereof in genetic breeding for regulating plant photosynthesis inhibition herbicide stress resistance and / or improving plant tolerance to photosynthesis inhibition herbicides. Researches show that the sorghum chloroplast division protein SbDRP5B can regulate and control stress response of rice to photosynthesis inhibition herbicides. By expressing the SbDRP5B gene in the rice, the rice can show good tolerance to photosynthesis inhibition herbicides, the damage of the photosynthesis inhibition herbicides to the growth and development of the rice is effectively reduced, and the expression of the SbDRP5B does not influence the agronomic traits of the rice. Therefore, the sorghum chloroplast split protein SbDRP5B can improve the resistance of rice to photosynthesis inhibition herbicides, and is used for molecular breeding of photosynthesis inhibition herbicide resistant rice.

The invention discloses a chloroplast gene ITS2 bar code sequence primer composition, an identification kit and application. The primer composition contains at least one pair of primers which are derived from a nucleotide sequence with the login number of PP277665.1 and / or PP906956.1 from GenBank. The primer composition can effectively identify and / or distinguish patrinia scabiosaefolia, thlaspi arvense and a mixture of the patrinia scabiosaefolia and the thlaspi arvense And the identification method is simple and reliable, has strong objectivity, does not depend on subjective judgment, is compatible with various instruments and reaction systems, is not easily influenced by sample characters, and can be used for accurately identifying the medicinal material powder.

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant inheritance and breeding, and particularly relates to a sea salt brassica napobrassica chloroplast gene for identifying a sea salt brassica napobrassica variety and application of the sea salt brassica napobrassica chloroplast gene, the sequence of the sea salt brassica napobrassica chloroplast gene is shown as SEQ ID NO.1, and the sea salt brassica napobrassica chloroplast gene is a chloroplast genome of sea salt brassica napobrassica. The invention discloses a chloroplast genome sequence of the sea salt brassica napobrassica for the first time, and the chloroplast genome sequence is applied to variety identification of the sea salt brassica napobrassica and phylogenetic analysis of brassica species. Results of the invention have important meanings for variety identification and protection of sea salt brassica napobrassica and breeding and protection of brassica species in the future.

The invention belongs to the technical field of germplasm resources, and particularly relates to a method for constructing notopterygium root core germplasm, which comprises the following steps: collecting wild population and cultivated population samples of notopterygium root and broad-leaf notopterygium root, extracting sample DNA, amplifying chloroplast gene segments and sequencing; performing data analysis on a sequencing result; screening populations with the following characteristics as core germplasm sources: a) populations with single genotype or haplotype distribution and large genetic distance; b) populations containing locally specific or rare haplotypes; and c) original populations which are not cultivated and mixed. The method constructs the core germplasm of notopterygium root and notopterygium broadleaf from the molecular perspective, provides a powerful tool for construction of the core germplasm of medicinal plants, and has important significance for sustainable utilization of the germplasm of notopterygium root.

The invention provides an assembled and annotated tilia amurensis mitochondrial genome, and relates to the fields of molecular biology and plant genetics. The tilia amurensis mitochondrial genome is a single cyclic molecule; the total length of the tilia amurensis mitochondrial genome is 830088bp; the GC content of the tilia amurensis mitochondrial genome is 44.97%, the complete sequence of the tilia amurensis mitochondrial genome is reported for the first time, high repeatability and chloroplast sequence migration characteristics of the tilia amurensis mitochondrial genome are disclosed, and a molecular foundation is laid for endangered mechanism analysis, genetic diversity evaluation and protection strategy formulation of tilia amurensis.

The present invention relates to a DNA base editing composition including uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG), and a DNA base editing method using same. Specifically, the present invention relates to a DNA base editing composition including a DNA binding protein, cytosine deaminase, adenine deaminase, and UDG, or polynucleotides encoding the proteins, or a DNA base editing method using same. The present invention is useful for correcting bases in nuclear DNA or organellar DNA and particularly for correcting bases in DNA of organelles such as chloroplasts or mitochondria. In the present invention, the UDG is present independently without being fused to the DNA binding protein, the cytosine deaminase, and / or the adenine deaminase.

The application provides a fat sea base gene and adulteration identification method based on multi-gene joint DNA barcoding, four gene joint barcode combinations are formed by adopting nuclear gene ITS2 and chloroplast genes matK, rbcL and psbA-trnH, at least two pairs of optimized alternative primers for each target gene and fat sea genus specific preliminary screening primer Ster-1 are matched, genus level rapid preliminary screening is realized to exclude non-fat sea genus samples and shorten the identification process, and the efficient amplification success rate of multi-gene fragments is ensured through the flexible use of alternative primers; fat sea and round fat sea, Sterculia and mixed adulterants can be accurately distinguished, the problems that traditional identification methods are subjective and species with close genetic relationship are difficult to distinguish are effectively solved; the method is not limited by sample morphology and fragmentation degree, can be widely applied to the true and false identification, quality control and traceability of traditional Chinese medicinal materials fat sea and its products, and provides technical support for standardizing market order and ensuring the safety and effectiveness of clinical medication.

The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to a symbiotic algae chloroplast extraction method, the symbiotic algae chloroplast extraction method has a remarkable effect on symbiotic algae chloroplast purification, the limitation of an existing Percoll density gradient centrifugation technology is effectively broken through, the traditional technology needs two times of centrifugation and sample transfer, the process is tedious, and sample loss is easily caused. And in the aspects of purity and recovery rate, through reasonable setting of sucrose gradient and precise centrifugation, complete chloroplast is precisely layered, impurities are effectively separated, the purity and recovery rate are greatly improved, the accuracy of subsequent experiments is guaranteed, in the aspect of cost, expensive Percoll is replaced with cheap sucrose, the economic pressure is reduced, and meanwhile, the cost is reduced. The method is simple and convenient to operate and easy to master by experimenters, reduces errors and time consumption, improves efficiency, and provides a better purification scheme for symbiotic algae chloroplast research.

The application belongs to the technical field of molecular biology, and particularly relates to a molecular marker primer group for identifying Huperzia serrata and H. phlegmaria and application thereof. The application provides a cpSSR primer group for identifying Huperzia serrata and H. phlegmaria, wherein the cpSSR marker primer group comprises one or more of Hup3, Hup15, Hup22 or Hup26. The chloroplast SSR marker primer can be used to accurately identify Huperzia serrata and H. phlegmaria. The method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, high repeatability and the like, and can be widely applied to identification of true and false traditional Chinese medicinal materials, investigation of species resources and molecular breeding research.

The present application discloses an endogenous promoter of Koelreuteria paniculata or Koelreuteria paniculata var. variegata and its application in regulating plant leaf color development. GLK The present application compares the leaf phenotype difference of Koelreuteria paniculata and Koelreuteria paniculata var. variegata, analyzes the chloroplast structure of the two, and determines the photosynthetic characteristic index, finds that the net photosynthetic rate of Koelreuteria paniculata var. variegata is significantly lower than that of Koelreuteria paniculata, and accordingly infers that the gene expression amount of Koelreuteria paniculata var. variegata is down-regulated due to the variation of the gene promoter. GLK Based on the transcriptome data, specific primers are designed to obtain the gene and perform tissue specificity and time sequence development expression pattern analysis, and further, through the FPNI-PCR technology, two types of promoters, A type and B type, are cloned from Koelreuteria paniculata and Koelreuteria paniculata var. variegata, and it is found through analysis that the A type promoter is a promoter common to Koelreuteria paniculata and Koelreuteria paniculata var. variegata, and the B type promoter is a promoter specific to Koelreuteria paniculata; it is found through GUS activity detection that the B type promoter has higher driving activity than the A type promoter. The present application has application prospect in cultivating plant varieties with high photosynthetic efficiency or ornamental plant varieties.

The invention discloses an application of a DNA bar code in identification of authenticity, production places or batches of Dendropanax dentiger products. The DNA bar code is selected from at least one of a gene region polymorphic fragment ycf1 and an intergene region polymorphic fragment ndhFrpl32. Researches find that ycf1 and ndhFrpl32 in chloroplast of the Dendropanax dentiger and related species of the Dendropanax dentiger have various haplotypes, and the Dendropanax dentiger and the related species of the Dendropanax dentiger respectively have at least one specific haplotype; and the haplotypes of ycf1 or ndhFrpl32 owned by the dendropanax dentiger from different producing areas are also different. Therefore, by detecting the haplotype of at least one of ycf1 and ndhFrpl32 in the chloroplast of the Dendropanax dentiger product, the authenticity of the Dendropanax dentiger product and the product can be quickly and accurately identified; and batch anti-counterfeiting of the Dendropanax dentiger product can be realized by adopting the DNA bar code.

The present invention relates to base editing using dead uracil DNA glycosylase (dUDG). The present invention is useful for C-to-T base editing in nuclear DNA or organelle DNA, and in particular, is useful for C-to-T base editing in organelle DNA such as chloroplasts or mitochondria. The present invention also relates to a UDG variant and a novel DNA base editing use thereof.