104 results about "Chloroplast" patented technology

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural application of nano materials, and discloses a preparation method and application of a photosynthetic accelerant containing carbon quantum dots. Urea and citric acid are adopted as raw materials, and the nitrogen-carbon molar ratio and hydrothermal reaction parameters are optimized, so that efficient doping of nitrogen and accurate regulation and control of the particle size are achieved, and the photosynthetic accelerant containing the carbon quantum dots is obtained. The nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot photosynthetic promoter with excellent upconversion performance is successfully synthesized, the promoter has good water solubility and biocompatibility, the photosynthetic efficiency of plants can be greatly improved within the concentration range of 0-100 mg / L, a safe application window is defined, and by establishing foliage spraying and water planting dual-mode application specifications, the application range of the nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot photosynthetic promoter is widened, and the application range of the nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot photosynthetic promoter is widened. The problems that current crops are insufficient in solar spectrum utilization and low in light energy conversion efficiency are solved in a targeted manner by utilizing an ultraviolet light-photosynthetically active radiation conversion function mediated by the carbon quantum dots and combining the targeted enrichment permeation characteristic of the carbon quantum dots in chloroplast.

The invention belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering breeding, and particularly relates to application and a method of a transcription factor CaBTF3 for regulating capsorubin synthesis. According to the capsicum transcription factor CaBTF3 and the coding gene thereof provided by the invention, the biosynthesis of capsorubin can be influenced by adjusting the expression level of a key enzyme gene in a capsorubin synthesis route and regulating and controlling the development and quantity of fruit chloroplast, the expression of the CaBTF3 gene in capsicum fruits is inhibited, the accumulation amount of capsorubin in the capsicum fruits can be reduced, and the yield of capsorubin is increased. The color of the pepper fruit is further influenced. By enhancing the expression level of the CaBTF3 gene, the content of capsorubin in capsicum fruits can be increased, the gene is applied to plant genetic engineering breeding, a new effective way is provided for creating capsicum varieties with high capsorubin content, and the gene plays an important role in improving the economic benefits of the capsicum industry and popularizing and applying the capsorubin.

The invention discloses a rice large-scale metabolism regulator DGP1 and crop metabolism quality design. The invention finds that the structural domain of the rice DGP1 family protein TIGR01589 targets a plurality of metabolic enzymes and promotes the metabolic enzymes to be transferred to a cell nucleus; the structural domain also has an intervention effect on a light breathing pathway by changing the composition of a glycine decarboxylase compound in mitochondria. Based on a molecular mechanism of DGP1, a chimeric protein ST containing a conservative structural domain and coupled with a chloroplast positioning signal is designed, and genetic engineering modification of pakchoi is realized. The modification strategy not only can guide substrate flow of a central glycolysis pathway to flavonoid biosynthesis, but also can promote accumulation of saccharides derived from photosynthetic products in leaves.

The invention discloses application of rice protein MBS and a coding gene thereof in plant light protection. The invention provides any one of the following applications of the protein OsMBS. C1, regulating and controlling the plant yield; c2, regulating and controlling light protection of the plants; c3, regulating and controlling the strong light adaptability of the plants; c4, regulating and controlling the photosynthetic activity of the plants; and C5, cultivating a strong light resistant plant. Transgenosis experiments and field yield measurement verify that the homologous protein OsMBS has enhanced expression in rice, the chloroplast is wrapped in a sharp increase mode under strong light, a shading layer for directly protecting the chloroplast is formed, light protection of the rice fragrance of the rice can be enhanced, and remarkable and efficient yield increase in the field is achieved.

The invention discloses an application of a rice chloroplast development gene OsSecY1. A gene OsSecY1 for regulating and controlling development of rice chloroplast is found in a rice development mutant library, the nucleotide sequence of the gene is as shown in SEQ ID NO.1, and the amino acid sequence of encoded protein is as shown in SEQ ID NO.2. Researches show that the expression quantity of the OsSecY1 gene in leaves is relatively high, and the encoded protein is positioned in chloroplast. The OsSecY1 gene is knocked out from wild type rice, so that rice chloroplast develops abnormally, leaves are yellowed, and apoptosis begins at the later stage of a two-leaf stage. Therefore, the OsSecY1 gene provided by the invention can be used as a seedling stage marker character for assisting rice molecular breeding, is beneficial to understanding a regulation mechanism of rice chloroplast development, and provides a reference for improving the leaf photosynthetic efficiency through a genetic engineering means so as to improve the rice yield.

The invention discloses a chloroplast RNA edited gene OsPPR7 for temperature-sensitive regulation and control of rice and application of the gene OsPPR7, and belongs to the technical field of gene engineering. The CDS sequence of the OsPPR7 gene is as shown in SEQ ID NO. 1. The OsPPR7 is an RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) editing factor which has a bidirectional regulation and control function and is sensitive to temperature. Editing of multiple sites on the rpoB gene is negatively regulated and controlled, and meanwhile RNA editing of multiple genes such as ndhB and ndhD which are crucial to the chloroplast function is positively regulated and controlled under high-temperature stress. Under the stress of high temperature of 35 DEG C, the loss of functions can lead to obvious reduction of RNA editing efficiency of a plurality of ndh genes, and serious yellowing of seedlings is caused. The key function of the rice OsPPR7 gene in regulation and control of rice growth and development and high-temperature response is clarified for the first time, the importance of the OsPPR7 gene in maintenance of chloroplast functions under high-temperature stress is clarified, and a new gene resource and a technical path are provided for cultivation of new varieties of high-temperature-resistant rice.

The application discloses application of a PHB9 gene in regulating rice leaf morphology and belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering.The CDS sequence of the PHB9 gene is shown as SEQ ID NO.2.It is found through experiments that overexpression of the PHB9 gene increases leaf length and leaf width, and the PHB9 gene has a significant effect on regulating rice leaf morphology.Further, changes in vascular systems, mitochondria and chloroplast structures in the internal structure of the leaf are analyzed, and it is shown that the vascular systems, mitochondria and chloroplast structures change when the leaf morphology is regulated, and the morphological changes in the internal structure of the leaf affect the changes in the leaf phenotype, and have a significant influence on improving the photosynthetic rate of the leaf.It is also found that overexpression of the PHB9 gene reduces the sensitivity of rice seeds to ABA, promotes seed germination and root growth.The application provides a new gene for breeding of leaf morphology building, root development and seed germination.

The invention belongs to the field of plant engineering technology and crop germplasm resource innovation, and particularly relates to a rice BEIIb gene mutant, application of the rice BEIIb gene mutant in improving rice resistant starch and an improving method. A mutant material with high resistant starch content is created by knocking out the rice BEIIb gene, and compared with a wild type, mutant seeds show an obvious chalky phenotype, composite starch particles are abnormal in a spherical or ellipsoidal shape, the amylose content is remarkably increased, the protein content is remarkably reduced, the resistant starch content is remarkably increased, and the resistant starch content is remarkably reduced. The hardness of cooked rice is remarkably increased, and the elasticity is remarkably reduced. Through transcriptomics analysis, the protein mainly participates in biological pathways such as carbohydrate metabolism, chloroplast photosynthesis, calmodulin combination and secondary metabolite synthesis, and the expression level of endosperm starch synthesis related genes is obviously changed. The method can provide theoretical basis and method reference for breeding of high-quality rice varieties with high resistant starch.

The invention discloses a chloroplast gene ITS2 bar code sequence primer composition, an identification kit and application. The primer composition contains at least one pair of primers which are derived from a nucleotide sequence with the login number of PP277665.1 and / or PP906956.1 from GenBank. The primer composition can effectively identify and / or distinguish patrinia scabiosaefolia, thlaspi arvense and a mixture of the patrinia scabiosaefolia and the thlaspi arvense And the identification method is simple and reliable, has strong objectivity, does not depend on subjective judgment, is compatible with various instruments and reaction systems, is not easily influenced by sample characters, and can be used for accurately identifying the medicinal material powder.

The invention provides an assembled and annotated tilia amurensis mitochondrial genome, and relates to the fields of molecular biology and plant genetics. The tilia amurensis mitochondrial genome is a single cyclic molecule; the total length of the tilia amurensis mitochondrial genome is 830088bp; the GC content of the tilia amurensis mitochondrial genome is 44.97%, the complete sequence of the tilia amurensis mitochondrial genome is reported for the first time, high repeatability and chloroplast sequence migration characteristics of the tilia amurensis mitochondrial genome are disclosed, and a molecular foundation is laid for endangered mechanism analysis, genetic diversity evaluation and protection strategy formulation of tilia amurensis.

The present invention relates to a DNA base editing composition including uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG), and a DNA base editing method using same. Specifically, the present invention relates to a DNA base editing composition including a DNA binding protein, cytosine deaminase, adenine deaminase, and UDG, or polynucleotides encoding the proteins, or a DNA base editing method using same. The present invention is useful for correcting bases in nuclear DNA or organellar DNA and particularly for correcting bases in DNA of organelles such as chloroplasts or mitochondria. In the present invention, the UDG is present independently without being fused to the DNA binding protein, the cytosine deaminase, and / or the adenine deaminase.

The application provides a fat sea base gene and adulteration identification method based on multi-gene joint DNA barcoding, four gene joint barcode combinations are formed by adopting nuclear gene ITS2 and chloroplast genes matK, rbcL and psbA-trnH, at least two pairs of optimized alternative primers for each target gene and fat sea genus specific preliminary screening primer Ster-1 are matched, genus level rapid preliminary screening is realized to exclude non-fat sea genus samples and shorten the identification process, and the efficient amplification success rate of multi-gene fragments is ensured through the flexible use of alternative primers; fat sea and round fat sea, Sterculia and mixed adulterants can be accurately distinguished, the problems that traditional identification methods are subjective and species with close genetic relationship are difficult to distinguish are effectively solved; the method is not limited by sample morphology and fragmentation degree, can be widely applied to the true and false identification, quality control and traceability of traditional Chinese medicinal materials fat sea and its products, and provides technical support for standardizing market order and ensuring the safety and effectiveness of clinical medication.

The application belongs to the technical field of molecular biology, and particularly relates to a molecular marker primer group for identifying Huperzia serrata and H. phlegmaria and application thereof. The application provides a cpSSR primer group for identifying Huperzia serrata and H. phlegmaria, wherein the cpSSR marker primer group comprises one or more of Hup3, Hup15, Hup22 or Hup26. The chloroplast SSR marker primer can be used to accurately identify Huperzia serrata and H. phlegmaria. The method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, high repeatability and the like, and can be widely applied to identification of true and false traditional Chinese medicinal materials, investigation of species resources and molecular breeding research.

The invention discloses an application of a DNA bar code in identification of authenticity, production places or batches of Dendropanax dentiger products. The DNA bar code is selected from at least one of a gene region polymorphic fragment ycf1 and an intergene region polymorphic fragment ndhFrpl32. Researches find that ycf1 and ndhFrpl32 in chloroplast of the Dendropanax dentiger and related species of the Dendropanax dentiger have various haplotypes, and the Dendropanax dentiger and the related species of the Dendropanax dentiger respectively have at least one specific haplotype; and the haplotypes of ycf1 or ndhFrpl32 owned by the dendropanax dentiger from different producing areas are also different. Therefore, by detecting the haplotype of at least one of ycf1 and ndhFrpl32 in the chloroplast of the Dendropanax dentiger product, the authenticity of the Dendropanax dentiger product and the product can be quickly and accurately identified; and batch anti-counterfeiting of the Dendropanax dentiger product can be realized by adopting the DNA bar code.

The present invention relates to base editing using dead uracil DNA glycosylase (dUDG). The present invention is useful for C-to-T base editing in nuclear DNA or organelle DNA, and in particular, is useful for C-to-T base editing in organelle DNA such as chloroplasts or mitochondria. The present invention also relates to a UDG variant and a novel DNA base editing use thereof.

The present application belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering, and relates to application of a tobacco chloroplast psbY gene or a coded protein thereof in regulation of abortion of tobacco. The present application causes shortened tobacco filaments and abnormal pollination by overexpression of the psbY gene, thereby causing abortion of the tobacco. Meanwhile, a breeding method for a tobacco male sterile line is proposed based on the application, that is, a transformation vector containing the tobacco chloroplast psbY gene is transformed into the genome of the tobacco by using an agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation method, and a tobacco male sterile line variety with overexpression of the psbY gene is obtained. The present application firstly discovers and proves that the tobacco chloroplast protein psbY can be used for regulation of abortion of the tobacco, overexpression of the psbY gene can cause shortened tobacco filaments, the stigma is far higher than the anther, and the tobacco cannot be normally pollinated, thereby causing abortion of the tobacco. This has important theoretical significance and practical value for research on the tobacco male sterility, and creates a new prospect for tobacco breeding.

The present invention relates to a chloroplast genome sequence-based SNP marker composition for distinguishing *Carex kobomugi* and its use. Since the SNP marker of the present invention can accurately distinguish *Carex kobomugi*, a plant of the sedge family, from similar species, it can improve the accuracy of species identification for sedge family plants that are difficult to distinguish morphologically, and can maintain a certain level of reliability as it is based on chloroplast genome information and is not affected by changes in the external environment.

The invention discloses an experimental kit for chloroplast pigment extraction and separation and application, and belongs to the technical field of photosynthetic pigment extraction and separation, a surfactant and EDTA sodium are added during extraction, and an efficient aluminum foil silica gel thin layer and a composite chromatographic solution are adopted during separation; the chromatography medium is an efficient silica gel thin layer. In the process of extracting and separating the photosynthetic pigment, a surfactant and an EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid) sodium metal chelating agent are added, the ratio of a chromatography medium to a chromatography liquid is optimized, a filtering and chromatography device is simplified, the extraction rate and the separation degree of the pigment are remarkably improved, the operation is simpler and safer, and finally 6-8 kinds of the photosynthetic pigment can be separated from fresh spinach leaves. 13 chloroplast pigments are separated from the leaf dry powder.

The invention discloses a DNA bar code system and method for identifying glycyrrhiza medicinal plants and hybrid complexes thereof, and belongs to the technical field of molecular biology and traditional Chinese medicine identification. The system is formed by combining three bar codes of a nuclear gene segment ITS, a chloroplast gene segment ndhA and a chloroplast gene spacer trnH-psbA. Wherein ndhA is a core bar code which is screened and verified for the first time, and the specific variation site of the ndhA can be used for accurately distinguishing three kinds of medicinal liquorice, namely, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischhex DC., Glycyrrhiza glabra. And Glycyrrhiza inflata Batalin. The system fully utilizes the characteristics of chloroplast paternal heredity of glycyrrhiza, not only can identify homozygous species, but also can efficiently analyze complex hybridization and introgression types, and traces the source of a male parent. Compared with a traditional multi-bar code combination, the method has the advantages of being high in identification success rate (up to 98.08%), easy and convenient to operate and low in cost, and is suitable for liquorice germplasm resource identification, medicinal material market rapid screening and improved variety breeding.

The invention relates to the technical field of molecular identification, in particular to a DNA bar code for identifying germplasm resources of radix saposhnikoviae, an identification method and application, and the DNA bar code comprises a nucleic acid fragment composed of chloroplast gene fragments ycf2 and ycf3 of radix saposhnikoviae. Eight haploid genotypes are formed in the region in total, the eight haploid genotypes are respectively Hap1, Hap2, Hap3, Hap4, Hap5, Hap6, Hap7 and Hap8, and the base sequences of the eight haploid genotypes are sequentially SEQ ID NO.1-8. Experiments show that the DNA bar code can be used for identifying the germplasm of the radix saposhnikoviae medicinal material, the method is easy to operate and high in accuracy, and the radix saposhnikoviae from different producing areas and different germplasm can be distinguished; the authenticity identification of different batches of radix saposhnikoviae medicinal materials can be quickly and effectively carried out, and the market order stability of the radix saposhnikoviae medicinal materials is guaranteed.

The invention relates to a method for increasing plant growth by administering phytoinitiator mRNAs obtained from seedling chloroplasts. The mRNAs can either be translated directly into chloroplasts or first translated in the cytosol and subsequently imported into the chloroplasts as proteins. In both cases, the resulting proteins lead to the activation of hormonal signaling pathways, increased protein synthesis, and a significant increase in root biomass, shoot number, and hypocotyl growth. The invention further comprises formulations and application systems such as granules, sprays, or injections that enable efficient uptake and action of the mRNAs.

Compositions and methods for introducing targeted mutations into the plastid genome are provided.

The invention discloses an enrichment method suitable for trace leaf plasma membrane protein, and belongs to the technical field of biology. According to the method, a mode of combining column type separation with density gradient centrifugation is adopted, components highly enriched in plasma membrane protein can be obtained through the processes of adjusting the material dosage, the centrifugation mode and the like, and the enrichment purity is improved while the separation time is saved. Compared with an untreated component, the plasma membrane labeled protein H + ATPase in the enriched component is obviously increased; meanwhile, compared with components only subjected to column type separation, chloroplast labeled protein RuBisCO ACT, cell nucleus labeled protein Histone H3 and cytoplasm labeled protein UGP are remarkably reduced. According to the method, an effective system suitable for extracting and purifying the plasma membrane protein of the catharanthus roseus leaves is established for the first time, and the method has reference significance for constructing plasma membrane protein enrichment of other plant leaves.

The invention relates to a method for increasing plant growth by delivering phyto-initiator mRNAs derived from chloroplasts of seedlings. The mRNAs may either be translated directly in chloroplasts or first translated in the cytosol and subsequently imported into the chloroplasts in the form of proteins. In both cases, the resulting proteins activate hormonal signalling pathways, increased protein synthesis, and bring about a significant enhancement of root biomass, shoot number and hypocotyl growth. The invention also relates to formulations and application systems such as granules, sprays or injections which enable efficient uptake and activity of the mRNAs.

The invention discloses application of modified small nuclear RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) and a protein complex thereof in enhancing plant photosynthesis. The invention relates to the technical field of biology, and provides a small nuclear RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) of which the nucleotide sequence is SEQ ID NO: 1 or SEQ ID NO: 2. The invention also provides a small nuclear RNA-protein complex composed of the small nuclear RNA and an Sm protein specifically bound with the small nuclear RNA. The small nuclear RNA and the protein complex thereof disclosed by the invention can be specifically combined with mRNA 3 'UTR regions of a plurality of nuclear coding chloroplast protein genes through base complementary pairing, and the expression of the nuclear coding chloroplast protein is enhanced on the translation level, so that the biosynthesis of chloroplast is promoted, and the photosynthetic efficiency of plants is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop stress resistance detection, and particularly relates to a wheat resistance evaluation method based on chloroplast and mitochondrial morphological quantitative indexes and application. The physiological index chloroplast number, the mitochondrial cross section and the ratio of the mitochondrial matrix area to the ridge area selected by the evaluation method can directly reflect the physiological adaptability of wheat to high temperature and drought stress, are not interfered by environmental factors, and have higher specificity and accuracy; the method also has the characteristics of short detection period and high efficiency, the sample preparation and detection process can be completed within 7-10 days, and stress resistance screening of a large number of germplasm resources can be rapidly realized; the operation process of the evaluation method is standard, the interference of human factors can be effectively avoided, and the repeatability and the stability of a detection result are good; the method can be suitable for high-temperature drought resistance identification of different types of wheat varieties, can also be used for early generation screening in the wheat stress-resistant breeding process, and provides reliable technical support for cultivation and popularization of the stress-resistant wheat varieties.

The application discloses tobacco isopropyl malate dehydrase NtIPDS, a coding gene, an RNAi interference carrier and application. The application successfully clones a coding gene of isopropyl malate dehydrase in tobacco, and the nucleotide sequence is as follows: (1) the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1; (2) the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1 is substituted and / or deleted and / or added with one or more nucleotides and the nucleotide sequence of the same functional protein. Based on the existing tobacco genetic engineering progress and related plant phenotype observation and identification, the NtIPDS gene is deeply researched, and it is found that the NtIPDS gene is related to tobacco chloroplast development and acyl sugar metabolism. After the gene is silenced, the chlorosis plant growth is slow, the chloroplast development is found to be abnormal through transmission electron microscope observation, and meanwhile, it is found that the acyl sugar content of the silenced plant is significantly increased through metabolic detection analysis.

The invention discloses a chloroplast transport peptide, a biological material and a method for guiding foreign protein into chloroplast. The amino acid sequence of the chloroplast transport peptide is shown as SEQ ID NO: 1. A novel transport signal peptide is separated and identified for the first time, fusion protein coding nucleic acid composed of the chloroplast transport peptide and an exogenous target protein is delivered to plant cells, the subcellular localization efficiency and processing efficiency are high, the exogenous target protein can be effectively guided to enter chloroplast, and the fusion protein coding nucleic acid can be used for preparing the chloroplast transport signal peptide. The biological activity of the exogenous target protein is not influenced, and a new thought is provided for chloroplast genetic transformation.

The invention discloses a tobacco leaf curing method based on low-oxygen pulse and micro-negative pressure regulation and control, and relates to the technical field of tobacco leaf processing, and the method comprises the following steps: fresh tobacco is pretreated, yellow tobacco leaves with fallen fuzz are harvested, and after natural withering, the tobacco leaves are bundled to a curing barn tobacco curing frame; the atmosphere is arranged before baking, air bags for mixing nitrogen and air are evenly arranged at the top of the baking room, the initial oxygen concentration is made to be 18%-19%, and the air leakage rate is kept below 8%; in the yellowing stage, the oxygen concentration, the micro-negative pressure, the temperature and the humidity are adjusted in the early stage, the middle stage and the later stage of yellowing, and chloroplast degradation is accelerated; in the color fixing stage, the temperature is increased, the oxygen concentration is increased, the humidity is reduced, the micro-negative pressure is reduced, and the tobacco leaves are stabilized to be golden yellow; in the rib drying stage, the temperature and humidity are further increased and reduced, so that the tobacco ribs are thoroughly dried and maintain toughness; and a moisture regaining stage: cooling and humidifying to soften the tobacco leaves. According to the scheme, low-oxygen pulse, micro-negative pressure and temperature and humidity are cooperatively regulated and controlled, the tobacco leaf yellowing time is shortened, color brightness and chemical component coordination are kept, and the problems that a traditional method is long in yellowing period and prone to browning are solved.

The invention discloses an application of a rice OsSecE1 gene in regulation and control of rice chloroplast development. A gene OsSecE1 for regulating the development of the rice chloroplast is found in a rice development mutant library, the nucleotide sequence of the gene is shown as SEQ ID NO.1, the coded amino acid sequence is shown as SEQ ID NO.2, the gene is highly expressed in leaves, and the coded protein of the gene is positioned in the chloroplast. Research shows that the OsSecE1 gene is related to rice chloroplast development, the rice chloroplast development is abnormal and the leaf color is light green by knocking out the gene, and the OsSecE1 gene can be used for creating a leaf color mutant and preparing a rice material with abnormal leaf color or light leaf color, and is used for researching a rice chloroplast formation mechanism and marking characters in cross breeding. The OsSecE1 gene provided by the invention has important significance on research on development of rice chloroplast, and also provides possibility for improving photosynthetic efficiency through a genetic engineering means in the future.